At 0:10 on September 9, 1976, China's founder *** passed away in Beijing, ending his legendary life.
As an important figure in modern history, his death immediately caused a huge repercussion in the international community, and world-renowned companies such as Reuters, the Associated Press and Agence France-Presse have reported their historical achievements at the first time.
Countries** and international organizations have also responded, with 53 countries lowering their flags at half-mast one after another to mourn.
For a long time, the international community's research and interpretation of "** thought" has never stopped, and even waves of "** fever" have emerged.
Why is it so eye-catching, and even a phenomenon The famous American scholar Schramm once said: "Among the important figures of the 20th century, there are almost no people who are evaluated as diversely as ***." ”
As the teacher of the proletarian revolution, he not only led the Chinese people to overthrow the three mountains of feudalism, imperialism and bureaucratic capitalism, but also established New China, so that the people truly became the masters of the country.
On a global scale, the "* Idea" has become a powerful force for third world countries and peoples to fight for national independence, and has had a profound impact on the promotion of the international communist movement. To this day, his ideas continue to have a profound impact on contemporary China and the whole world.
For decades, many experts and scholars have focused on "Mao Studies", which has repeatedly proved that "** thought" has an attraction that transcends time and space and has eternal research value.
North Korea, as one of the few countries that still adhere to socialism, is adjacent to China, and the study of *** has been attracting much attention. The geographical and ideological proximity makes the "** thought" have significant enlightening value in North Korea.
From the perspective of national independence, the DPRK was invaded by imperialism, which led to the gradual loss of national sovereignty and the trampling of the dignity of the people.
In 1950, when the Korean War broke out, the North Korean leader asked for help from the Chinese People's Liberation Army to jointly resist aggression, and composed a touching hymn to resist US aggression and aid Korea.
**The era is full of revolutions and wars, and the all-out cold war and the local hot war are intertwined. His ideas have been constantly summarized and refined in one war after another, and have become the crystallization of wisdom.
In terms of numbers and armaments, China is far inferior to the US ** team, and has shattered the myth of the invincibility of the US military.
** Ideology" covers China's long-term experience of revolution and war, which has been enriched and developed after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and puts forward the important issue of strengthening national defense and building a modern revolutionary armed force, and puts forward the thesis that "imperialism and all reactionaries are paper tigers". These ideas had a strong enlightening significance for the DPRK, which was facing internal and external troubles at that time.
In terms of economic construction, under the guidance of the "leading ideology," the Chinese people have rapidly completed the transition from new democracy to socialism, established a sound industrial system and national economic system, and successfully completed the post-war reconstruction work.
In the following decades, the Communist Party of China continued to enrich and innovate the "best thought", witnessing the historic great changes of the Chinese people from standing up to becoming rich.
For the DPRK, the evolution and innovation of the Chinese people on the "** thought" is like a vivid guide to economic development.
Although the DPRK has implemented economic reforms and achieved some results, the actual benefits of the general population are not significant, the standard of living is still relatively limited, and the overall economic strength is relatively weak.
As of 2018, North Korea's GDP per capita is about $700, ranking 167th out of more than 200 countries and regions in the world, comparable to the West African country of Togo. The success of any development model and concept must be adapted to the actual national conditions.
There are many examples in history that show that ignoring national conditions and copying the successful experiences of other countries often results in nothing, or even in a difficult situation. For North Korea, however, the ultimate point of research is to look at itself through this mirror.
United States: Research began in the Sino-Japanese War and later evolved into political controversy Research in the United States was first disseminated through reports and personal biographies by journalists.
In the 30s of the last century, American journalist Degas ** and others came to China and reported on the deeds of *** and the Communist Party of China in the War of Resistance against Japan. Through the book "Red Star Shining on China", Degas ** recorded in detail the visits and transcripts in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Border Region, the revolutionary base of the Communist Party of China, and touched on the concepts of "united front" in the "** Thought".
As the book spread in the United States, the name of ** spread to the other side of the ocean with the title, arousing more American journalists' interest in his research.
Later, American journalist Gunther Stein and others published research works in the form of news reports, such as "The Challenge of Red China", which gradually promoted the understanding and research of "** thought" in the United States. However, this research has gradually evolved into a political debate.
During the Cold War, the United States adopted policies such as military confrontation and economic isolation to contain China, which led to a fierce wave of research in the United States, and the research on China almost came to a standstill.
With the success of China's socialist revolution and construction, which effectively thwarted the US containment and blockade of China, some American experts began to realize the importance of research in the Sino-US competition.
Especially after the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, a more comprehensive image of China has regained the attention of Americans, and once again set off an upsurge of "** fever", forming two different research factions: "left-wing" and "liberal".
During this period, the American academic community launched many academic debates around the "relationship between ** ideology and Marxism-Leninism", which not only enriched Americans' cognition of "** thought", but also contributed to the rise of overseas "** fever". The book was reprinted 8 times within 10 years of publication, proving its continued influence.
On the Soviet side, after the establishment of New China, Sino-Soviet relations entered a honeymoon period after visiting the Soviet Union and signing the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance. In the works of large-scale propaganda in the Soviet Union, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin repeatedly emphasized the international role of "** thought" in public.
However, in the sixties of the 20th century, the ideological differences between China and the Soviet Union were gradually exposed, and relations between the two countries began to deteriorate in an all-round way. The Soviet attitude towards the study of *** also shifted from appreciative to belittling and attacking.
During this period, the study of *** in the Soviet academic community has undergone significant changes. The original research attitude of affirming the "** thought" has changed dramatically, turning to a comprehensive negation, attack and even blackening, with obvious political tendencies and anti-China colors, trying to deny the leadership of the Communist Party of China through the study of the Communist Party of China. This phenomenon lasted until the late 80s of the 20th century.
On December 26, 1991, the Soviet Union, a superpower that had risen on the stage of human history, collapsed and became 15 independent countries, including Russia, Lithuania, Uzbekistan, etc. On the basis of inheriting the relatively fair and objective research methods of the late eighties of the Soviet Union, Russia has always been studying the Soviet Union due to the friendly strategic cooperation between China and Russia. Famous Russian scholar Alexander. v.Panzov's 2007 book "** Biography" is a biography of "** thought" and is considered the most authoritative text on the relationship between ** and Moscow.
As an outstanding military strategist, strategist, revolutionary and thinker, he inherited and developed "Marxism-Leninism" according to China's national conditions, and became the link for the steady progress of Chinese society. His thoughts have left an eternal historical legacy.
Decades ago, Mr. Bethune described *** as "a giant who will definitely change the world in the future", and now, ** has become an important symbol of Chinese culture.
More than 30 years later, foreign research on *** has not gradually fallen silent. From Asia to Europe, from socialist countries to capitalist countries, from developing countries to developed countries, "* ideas" are still profoundly spreading around the world.
Some Western scholars have not only summarized and reflected on the "empiricism" of the past in the past, but also tried to stand in a more objective perspective to open up more possibilities for the research of the world.
Every year, on the birthday of ***, the world will see spontaneous activities to pay tribute to ***. Some foreign media once commented: "He has changed the course of the times, and it is impossible to overestimate him." "These non-governmental self-organized tribute activities have gone through the ups and downs of the times and have become more and more serious.
The great man may have passed away, but his thoughts live on.