When it comes to the surname Liu, many people praise it, this surname plays an important role in Chinese history and is known as one of the most popular surnames in China. The surname Liu has successively established 8 large and small dynasties, which is the most among all surnames, and is known as "Liu Tianxia Li Banbian".
Not only that, the quality of the surname Liu is also excellent, such as the strong man in the strong Han and the Tang Dynasty, the sentence "Those who commit a strong man, although they are far away, will be punished" can be called the strongest voice in history, showing the arrogance and self-confidence of this great ethnic group, with the name of "Han".
Next, we will introduce a Liu family in Zhucheng, Shandong, which has a special background. Normally, it is difficult for the Han family to rise during the Manchu Qing Dynasty, but the Liu family in Zhucheng has sprung up under the high pressure of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and has developed from an obscure small family to a Shilin Wang family, which can be called "one family and three princes, father and son slaughter together".
If the surname Liu was like a bright galaxy during the Qing Dynasty, then the Liu family in Zhucheng is undoubtedly the most shining existence.
The power of reading to change destiny The ancestors of the Liu family in Zhucheng were originally in Dangshan, Anhui, and after migrating in the early years of the Ming Dynasty, they took root in Rizhao, Shandong. However, a fire destroyed almost all of their possessions, and they were forced to move to various places to earn a living.
Liu Siyuan, an ancestor who chose to stay behind, married a daughter of the Zhang family in the same village and had 8 sons. He adhered to the principle of "the tree is big and the son is big and the family is divided", and let the fourth Liu Xi stay by his side, and the rest of his sons moved to other places.
Among them, the eldest Liu Fu and the second Liu Lu moved to Liujiagou, Sanzhuang Town. After Liu Fu's son grew up, he moved to Fenggezhuang in Zhucheng with his third son, Liu Heng, and they became the first and second ancestors of the Liu family in Zhucheng.
This story tells us that the power of reading books to change our destiny is infinite.
The terrain of Zhucheng is flat, and the water conservancy and irrigation conditions are excellent, which is very suitable for farming. When Liu Fu and Liu Heng first arrived here, they had nothing to do and could only make a living as helpers. As they gradually accumulated some wealth, they devoted themselves to farming and amassed more wealth through the virtue of thrift and thrift.
In ancient times, Shinong and Shang were regarded as the four major classes of society, and it was difficult for the family to prosper by farming alone. If you want to enter the scholar class, the most feasible way at that time was to study and pass the imperial examination to enter the official career.
Liu Fu's choice of Zhucheng is really a wise choice, and the reading atmosphere here is very strong, no less than that in the Jiangnan area. After several generations of hard work, Zhucheng Liu finally has the spare strength to cultivate a few readers, Liu Heng's grandson Liu Sizhi cherishes this hard-won opportunity very much, he studied hard, and finally passed the examination, so that Zhucheng Liu entered the development mode of cultivating and reading heirlooms.
During the Ming Dynasty, Xiucai enjoyed the privilege of exempting two male members of the family from forced labor and receiving a monthly allowance from the government. Such benefits make Xiucai families have more spare energy to cultivate readers.
Liu Sizhi's son Liu Tong was also admitted to Xiucai because of this.
The scholarly family of the Liu family originated from the foundation laid by Liu Sizhi and Liu Tong's father and son. They know very well that in order to step into the "scholar" class, the only way to do so is to continue to work the way to study, and at least to gain fame and fame.
Under the system at that time, Xiucai could not be an official, but he could raise people, such as Hai Rui, a famous minister of the Jiajing Dynasty. Once the clan ** is raised, the clan can take refuge and enjoy tax exemption, and the future of the family is more secure.
Liu Bixian, the son of Liu Tong, with the ardent expectations of the clansmen, studied hard, and finally won the examination at the age of 24, young and promising. However, in the last years of the Ming Dynasty, the dynasty was corrupted, and he entered Beijing many times to participate in the examination, but unfortunately he did not win.
But he did not give up, even in the mountains to avoid chaos, his hands did not let go. After the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the customs, he finally passed the Jinshi examination, entered the official career, and was promoted to the household member Wailang. The Liu family is destined to "be revealed" because of his name.
His two sons, Liu Guo and Liu Di, under his teaching, also passed the Jinshi, a three-way Jinshi, and the scholarly family is worthy of its name. Liu Guo and Liu Di were honest officials and loved the people like sons, which made the prestige of the Liu family increase day by day.
Both of them had been received by the Kangxi Emperor and were highly praised. Liu Guo was summoned to serve as the magistrate of Hejian County, and Liu Di was received as the deputy envoy of Tianjin Province for the purpose of welcoming him.
Liu Di's talent is outstanding, no matter what position he takes, he has made achievements, and finally became a political envoy from Sichuan Province to the second grade, and entered the ranks of the best.
The Liu family has prospered for two generations from Liu Bixian to Liu Guo, and how to make the family continue to prosper has become a concern for them.
Liu Bixian's family style of "being honest and loving the people" made the clansmen deeply feel it. On this basis, Liu Di led by example and was diligent in his work, and finally died of overwork, setting an example of "loyalty and diligence" for the children of the clan.
Liu Tongxun is the most accomplished son of the Liu family, he has been away from the privilege of the son of ** since he was a child, and he only reads the sage books, and at the age of 24, he was admitted to the Jinshi and entered the official career. His career has been smooth sailing, but he has always kept a clear head, always kept in mind the family motto, kept himself honest and honest, and served with loyalty.
Liu Tongxun's deeds tell us that the prosperity of the family is inseparable from a good family style and excellent children.
Liu Tongxun, a selfless and loyal **, he puts justice first, regardless of personal gains and losses. No matter what kind of illegal things he faces, he will stand up and go up to the top, so that his colleagues hate and respect him.
Even important military ministers like Zhang Tingyu and Neqin could not escape his strict scrutiny. His selflessness and impartiality won Qianlong's trust and training, and he was promoted from the governor of Caoyun to the secretary of the criminal department, and then to the chief minister of military aircraft, all the way up, and held important positions at a young age.
His loyalty and diligence are even more important in passing on his father's spirit with his life. His simple life shocked Qianlong, praised him as the "true prime minister", and gave him the highest civil servant nickname "Wenzheng", which was an honor only eight people in the entire Qing Dynasty.
Liu Tongxun is not only a famous minister who controls water and punishes corruption, but also attaches great importance to the education of his children. His eldest son, Liu Yong, was admitted to the Jinshi when he was young, and then spent several years in the Hanlin Academy, and was arranged by Qianlong to embark on the road of studying as a political official.
This path is the dream of most civil servants, because they can gain more power and opportunities with the help of "protégés". After Liu Yong presided over a township examination in Guangxi, he was promoted to Anhui Xuezheng, although the specific grade is unknown, but the Qing Dynasty gave the provinces a lot of authority to compete with the power of the governor.
Anhui is a cultural powerhouse, and Liu Yong was sent by Qianlong to such a place as a scholar and politician, which shows that Qianlong has high hopes for him. Before leaving, Qianlong also specially summoned him and gave him a poem, including "Haidai Gaomendi", which was intended to warn him to be loyal to his duties and not to embarrass his family.
At that time, there was a lot of chaos in the donation and tribute prisons in Anhui and Jiangsu, and Liu Yong rectified the style of study in the two places, which was widely praised. He has a bright future ahead of him.
Liu Yong was almost sentenced to death for the Yangqu County ** case, but Qianlong's bail allowed him to be sent to the military station. This incident has had an impact on his career, but he has always maintained a reputation of "fairness and integrity", and has shown outstanding ability no matter in his position.
Although his promotion to the rank of scholar was relatively slow, the unique way he adopted during his confrontation with He Shen earned him the trust of Emperor Jiaqing, who eventually helped Jiaqing get rid of He Shen.
After Liu Yong's death, Emperor Jiaqing gave him the nickname "Wenqing" to show his high opinion of him.
Liu Yong's nephew handled the funeral, Liu Tongxun had a successor, Liu Yong had no queen, and his nephew Liu Jiaozhi was specially ordered by Emperor Jiaqing to enter Beijing to handle the funeral affairs for him. Liu lost his father at a young age, was raised by Liu Yong, and received a good education from Liu Yong.
At the age of 27, he was admitted to the Jinshi, and later served as the official of the first grade in the Huan Hai, and was given by Emperor Daoguang after his death"Wen Gong"nickname. Although the influence of the Liu family has declined in his hands, it still maintains the status of a famous family.
However, after Liu Kaizhi's death, the road to the imperial examination of the Liu family in Zhucheng became narrower and narrower. Perhaps because of their wealthy family background, the children of the Liu family rarely took the Jinshi examination again, and most of the official positions they held were low-level petty officials.
Despite this, they still maintain the family virtues and reputation of the Liu Tongxun and Liu Yong periods, suggesting that the replacement of the old with the new is inevitable. References: "Qing History Manuscript", "Dongwu Liu Clan Genealogy", "Qing Dynasty Imperial Examination Family" February** Dynamic Incentive Plan