Recently, Changsha has repeatedly experienced rain, snow and freezing weather, and the roads are icy and slippery, and the ultrasound department of the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province (Hunan Provincial Brain Hospital) has received many elderly patients with lower limb fractures due to accidental falls.
Before performing lower extremity orthopedic surgery, a lower extremity vascular ultrasound examination is required. Many elderly people have lower limb fractures, and it is inevitable that they need to take off their trouser legs when doing lower limb vascular ultrasound, which causes pain and discomfort. At this time, many family members of distressed elderly people asked: What is blood vessel ultrasound of the lower limbs? Is it okay not to do it?
Before performing lower extremity orthopedic surgery, it is necessary to examine the blood vessels of the lower extremities with color ultrasound. Patients with lower limb fractures generally choose a relatively comfortable position to remain still, or even stay in bed for a long time because of pain, which is very likely to cause deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs.
Deep vein thrombosis is the abnormal clotting of blood in the deep venous system, which is more common in both lower extremities in orthopedic surgery patients, especially 3 to 5 days after surgery. Surgical trauma can cause changes in platelets, significantly reduce the number of protein molecules that have an anticoagulant effect, and the blood is in a hypercoagulable state, which may cause blood clots. Once the deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs is improper, it will cause pulmonary embolism or deep vein insufficiency, which poses a huge threat to the life safety of patients.
What is the main examination of lower limb vascular ultrasound? According to the fracture site of the patient's lower limb, the corresponding position is selected, and the anatomical distribution of each vein is carried out continuously from top to bottom. These include the internal diameter of the deep veins of the lower extremities, the presence and presence of thrombus in the lumen of the blood vessels, and the location and extent of the thrombus, as well as the degree of activity of the thrombus after the patient breathes or gently squeezes the distal extremity. In addition, the function of the venous valve of the lower extremity and the presence of lesions in the arteries of the lower extremity can also be observed.
If it is a conservative hip or knee fracture and the patient is not hospitalized, how should the patient in the outpatient clinic make a preliminary judgment?
If there is sudden swelling of the entire lower limb, it becomes hard and worsens with activity; Pain: heaviness or dullness, which can be significantly relieved by bed rest or elevation of the affected limb; Superficial venous distension: the limbs can be pitted edema, the affected limbs are mostly bruised or flushed, the temperature is slightly increased, the muscle tension of the limbs is high, and the muscles on the back of the calf are squeezed.
In short, patients with lower limb fractures are very prone to deep vein thrombosis, and the blood ultrasound examination of lower limbs can minimize the risk of surgery, play a vital role in the prevention of fatal pulmonary embolism, and is also highly responsible for the life and health of patients. Doctors need to communicate effectively with patients, and patients need to show sufficient understanding of the tests prescribed by doctors, so as to provide the highest protection for the patient's life safety.
Xiaoxiang Morning News reporter Ren Wanwan correspondent Liu Lingli.
Breaking news and rights protection channel: the application market **"Chen**" client, search for "help" and go directly to the "Chenyi Help" platform with one click; Or call **0731-85571188. Special 19176699651 for government and enterprise content services.