On February 3, the Communist Party of China issued the "Opinions on Learning and Using the Experience of the "Thousand Village Demonstration and Ten Thousand Village Renovation" Project to Effectively and Effectively Promote the Comprehensive Revitalization of Villages. In the process of promoting the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, how to learn and use the experience of the "Ten Million Project"? How to combine the actual situation of various places to implement the deployment and requirements of the first document? Farmers ** China Rural Network reporter interviewed a number of authoritative experts in the field of agriculture, agriculture and agriculture.
Guided by the experience of learning and applying the "Ten Million Project", we will promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside
To promote Chinese-style modernization, we must unremittingly consolidate the foundation of agriculture and promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. This year's No. 1 document specifically proposes to learn and use the experience of "ten million projects", what is the profound meaning?
This is the fourth first document after the focus of the work of agriculture, rural areas and rural areas has shifted from poverty alleviation to comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. According to the deployment of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, agriculture should be basically modernized in 2035, and rural areas should be basically equipped with modern living conditions. In this context, this year's No. 1 document proposes to learn and use the experience of the 'Ten Million Project', which is actually to require all localities to learn the development concept, working methods and promotion mechanisms contained in it, and learn to promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside. Ye Xingqing, director of the Rural Economic Research Department of the Development Research Center, pointed out that in the process of promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, special attention should be paid to the selection of entry points, and the main contradictions and contradictions in the local work of agriculture, rural areas and rural areas should be identified. ”
On the one hand, rural revitalization is not the revitalization of a certain aspect, but should be comprehensively promoted from the aspects of industry, talent, culture, ecology and organizational revitalization; On the other hand, with the shift of the focus of the work of agriculture, agriculture and agriculture, we must make substantial progress on some key and difficult issues, and we need to take more effective measures. Learning and using the experience of the "Ten Million Project" is one of the main lines of this year's first document, and the basic framework is the "two guarantees, three promotions and two strengthenings" proposed in the document. Wei Houkai, director of the Institute of Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that the "two guarantees" are to ensure national food security and not to return to poverty on a large scale, which is the bottom-line task and the basis for doing a good job in agriculture, agriculture and agriculture; "Three promotions" is to improve the level of rural industrial development, rural construction, and rural governance, which is the focus of the next three rural work; The "two strengthenings" are to strengthen the two-wheel drive of science and technology and reform, and strengthen the measures to increase farmers' income, which answers the question of where the power source for promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside comes from.
To effectively and effectively promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, it is necessary to make it clear for whom. "We talk about the 'people's position', and when it comes to the actual work of agriculture, agriculture and agriculture, it is 'farmers' needs'. Yang Chunhua, deputy director of the Rural Economic Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that to learn and use the experience of the "Ten Million Project", we should more consciously stand on the people's position in the work of agriculture, agriculture and agriculture, and always adhere to the rural revitalization for the farmers, and the rural construction for the farmers.
Pay equal attention to quantity and quality, increase yields, and consolidate the foundation of food security in an all-round way
Food security is related to the future and destiny of the country and the health and happiness of the people. This year's No. 1 document puts "ensuring national food security" in a prominent position and makes a series of specific arrangements.
Food security is the 'greatest thing in the country'. In the new stage of development, we should also pay attention to the quality of development to consolidate the foundation of food security in an all-round way. Ye Xingqing said that for example, there is already a certain stock of high-standard farmland, and then in the construction process, it is necessary to emphasize the increment, pay attention to scale and speed, but also emphasize pragmatism and effectiveness, establish a long-term mechanism, and play a practical role.
In recent years, the security situation of China's grain production has continued to improve, and grain output has continued to reach a new level. Ensure that food production is maintained at 1More than 3 trillion catties, where to start? "This year's No. 1 document put forward the new requirements of 'putting the focus of increasing grain production on a large area to increase yield', and clearly put forward the implementation of the grain yield improvement project, which has its profound significance. Wei Houkai pointed out that in recent years, grain work has been emphasizing stabilizing the area and increasing yields, and on the basis of stabilizing the grain sowing area, the contribution of the increase in yield to the increase in output in 2023 will reach 587%, "China's cultivated land resources are limited, and the increase in output brought by increasing the sown area of grain in the future is limited, but there is still great potential for various varieties of grain to increase yield." What are the specific aspects? The document also makes it very clear that it is 'integrated promotion of good land, good seeds, good opportunities and good methods'. ”
Mobilizing and protecting the peasants' enthusiasm for growing grain and the local government's enthusiasm for grain production is the basis for ensuring national food security. Yang Chunhua believes that the document focuses on ensuring national food security, improving the policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers and rich farmers and food security support and protection policies, and accelerating the establishment and improvement of the food security system. These include appropriately raising the minimum purchase price of wheat, rationally determining the minimum purchase price of rice, increasing support for large grain-producing counties, abolishing the requirements for supporting funds for large grain-producing counties in the construction of high-standard farmland, and exploring the establishment of an inter-provincial horizontal interest compensation mechanism for grain production and marketing areas, thus releasing a clear signal of doing a good job in the production of grain and important agricultural products.
Adapt measures to local conditions and adapt to the situation to draw a new picture of livable, workable and beautiful countryside
The construction of livable, workable and beautiful villages involves all aspects of rural production and life ecology. This year's No. 1 document proposes to "draw a new picture of livable, workable and beautiful villages", and makes further arrangements for some new trend issues.
The three words 'livable, workable, and beautiful' represent the requirements of three different dimensions of comprehensive rural revitalization. 'Livable' means to have a good living environment, infrastructure, and public services; 'Suitable for business' is to provide more good employment opportunities and retain people, especially young people, through the development of rural characteristic industries"Harmony and beauty" focuses more on the relationship between people, which refers to having a good social atmosphere and is a requirement for spiritual civilization. Ye Xingqing emphasized that facing 2035 and even 2050, there will be major trend changes in the population, village form, and agricultural production methods of the countryside, so the rural construction should be forward-looking, and the layout of infrastructure and public services should take into account the changes in the future rural population structure to avoid waste.
Increasing peasants' income and getting rich is the starting point and end point of the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. In recent years, the income gap between urban and rural residents in China has been narrowing, but it is increasingly difficult for farmers to increase their income. Judging from the specific measures in the document, I understand that it is to take multiple measures at the same time to open up channels for increasing peasants' income. Wei Houkai said that the most core and critical measures are to develop and expand the rural enrichment industry according to local conditions, strengthen the role of industrial development and agriculture with agriculture, and let farmers share more of the value-added benefits of the industrial chain, which is a comprehensive measure related to farmers' operating income, wage income and property income. Second, it is necessary to encourage and support innovation and entrepreneurship in rural areas, and expand the wage income of rural residents through the realization of local employment in the vicinity. At present, the proportion of property income of rural residents in China is still relatively low, about less than 3%, so it is necessary to further deepen rural reform, activate all kinds of rural resources, realize the transformation of resources into capital and wealth, and broaden the property income of rural residents.
In recent years, a series of rural cultural and sports activities full of agricultural interest and agricultural flavor played by farmers have shone brightly, and fresh practices such as "village BA", village super, and village evening have been written into this year's No. 1 document. "Hemei Village emphasizes that rural construction should not only see things, but also see people, both material civilization and spiritual civilization, both rural appearance and rural temperament, that is, to achieve the overall improvement of the countryside from the outside to the inside, both form and spirit. Yang Chunhua proposed that to build a livable, workable and beautiful village, we cannot talk about the countryside on the basis of the countryside. It is necessary to strengthen the use of industry to supplement agriculture and urban to lead rural areas, accelerate the formation of a new type of industrial-agricultural urban-rural relationship in which industry and agriculture promote each other, urban and rural areas complement each other, coordinate development, and common prosperity, and take the lead in breaking the dual structure of urban and rural areas in the county; It is also necessary to respect the harmony and difference between rural and urban areas, coordinate the new urbanization and comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, adhere to the priority development of agriculture and rural areas, adhere to the integrated development of urban and rural areas, promote the construction of livable, workable and beautiful villages, protect traditional villages, inherit agricultural culture, and strive to make cities and towns better and villages more desirable, so that towns and villages can develop in a beautiful and coordinated manner.
Author: Zhao Yuheng, reporter of China Rural Network, farmer**
Producer: Gao Ya Editor: Du Juan.
