Mongolia is a landlocked East Asian country known for its vast steppes and nomadic culture. However, the country also faces some serious social problems, one of which is the high proportion of widows. According to statistics, there are nearly 300,000 widows in Mongolia, accounting for 10% of the total population. This figure is very staggering worldwide, especially considering that Mongolia's population is only about 3 million. So why are there so many widows in Mongolia? Where have the men gone? What are the underlying reasons and implications behind this?
The reason for the high number of widows in Mongolia is first and foremost due to the high mortality rate among men. The average life expectancy of men in Mongolia is only 6616 years old, 5 years younger than women07 years old. The main causes of death in men are as follows:
1. Liver cancer
Mongolia has one of the highest rates of liver cancer in the world, with nearly 4,000 people dying from liver cancer each year, the vast majority of whom are men. The main cause of liver cancer is hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which is estimated to be infected at some point in Mongolia's population, and 10-22% of the population is slow at any given time. The hepatitis B virus is mainly transmitted through mother-to-child transmission, blood-borne transmission and sexual transmission, and Mongolia's medical and health conditions and epidemic prevention measures are not perfect, resulting in a widespread epidemic of the virus.
2. Traffic accidents
Traffic accidents in Mongolia are also one of the leading causes of male deaths, with nearly 1,000 people dying in traffic accidents every year, of which more than 80% are men. The main causes of traffic accidents are poor road conditions, poor driver quality, drunk driving, speeding, etc., while men are more likely to take risks and drive illegally than women, so they are more likely to be involved in road accidents.
3. Suicide
Mongolia also has one of the highest suicide rates in the world, with nearly 500 people committing suicide each year, of which more than 70% are men. The main causes of suicide are psychological stress, depression, alcoholism and poverty, and men are more likely than women to seek and receive psychological help.
The second reason why there are many widows in Mongolia is because of the low status of women. Mongolia is a traditionally patriarchal society, with men dominating the family and society, while women are subject to various forms of discrimination and oppression. The low status of women is mainly manifested in the following aspects:
1. Lack of educational opportunities
Women's education levels in Mongolia are generally lower than men's, especially in rural areas, where many girls do not have the opportunity to attend school, or drop out at an early age, and are forced to marry strangers or do domestic work. Women's lack of education leads to a lack of knowledge and skills to access better employment and income, leading to poverty and dependency.
2. There is little freedom to marry
Women in Mongolia often do not have the freedom to choose their spouses, but are forced and interfered with by their families and society. Many women are forced to accept arranged marriages, child marriages or polygamy, and are unable to decide on their own marriages according to their will and feelings. Women's lack of freedom to marry leads to abuse and infidelity in their marriages, making it difficult for them to attain happiness and respect.
3. Lack of social security
Women in Mongolia also lack the necessary security and support in society, especially after being widowed, and often face difficulties and challenges. Many widows do not have enough money to support themselves and their children, and they also have to take on heavy household chores and support responsibilities. The lack of social protection for women leaves them in a vulnerable and marginalized position in society, with difficulties in accessing fairness and justice.
In summary, the main reason why there are many widows in Mongolia is because of the high mortality rate of men and the low status of women. These two factors interact to create a vicious circle that has led to a growing widowhood problem in Mongolia. This not only affects the quality of life and well-being of the widows themselves, but also affects Mongolia's social stability and economic development.
Therefore, to solve the problem of widows in Mongolia, it is necessary to start from many aspects, such as improving men's health and safety awareness, improving women's education level and social status, and providing women's freedom of marriage and social security, in order to break this vicious circle, improve the living conditions of widows, and promote Mongolia's social progress and economic development.
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