At present, the general space sterilization methods on the market mainly include ozone micro-drunk sterilization, ultraviolet radiation sterilization, formaldehyde sterilization and the emerging hydrogen peroxide sterilization, the above sterilization methods are used in various occasions, but the traditional sterilization methods have fatal shortcomings in practical applications.
In order to solve the dilemma faced by traditional sterilization methods: poor sterilization effect, great corrosiveness to equipment, great harm to the human body and other drawbacks, hydrogen peroxide space sterilization series of equipment came into being.
First, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a naturally occurring chemical that is widely found in air and water. As early as the eighteenth century, hydrogen peroxide was discovered and used by humans, and is widely used in food, beverages, medical devices and health care. The use of hydrogen peroxide mainly depends on its degree of oxidation, and different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide have different uses. Generally, the concentration of medical hydrogen peroxide (commonly known as hydrogen peroxide) is 3%, which is mainly used for disinfection of wounds or otitis media. In case of wounds, pus or dirt of the mouth, mucous membranes, it is immediately decomposed into oxygen, which does not combine with oxygen molecules and has strong oxidation ability. When it comes into contact with germs, it destroys them and kills them. What is left after killing the bacteria is water and oxygen, which is not toxic or irritating. There will be no secondary contamination and drug resistance. Therefore, medical hydrogen peroxide is an ideal wound disinfectant.
The concentration of industrial hydrogen peroxide is generally 25-50%. High concentration of hydrogen peroxide is highly corrosive and dangerous. If the concentration exceeds 8%, it needs to be packed and transported in a special container. Liquid hydrogen peroxide disinfection requires high concentrations and prolonged contact to kill highly resistant microorganisms such as bacterial spores and fungi. For example, when the Reckitt Colman company produced 75% hydrogen peroxide disinfectant is approved by the FDA for advanced sterilization of surfaces, requiring a 20 hour immersion sterilization time of 6 hours.
In order to give full play to the advantages of hydrogen peroxide disinfection and sterilization (no drug resistance and residue), and overcome its shortcomings such as high concentration corrosiveness, low concentration and low efficiency, researchers at home and abroad have studied it. In the 80s of the last century, American researchers discovered for the first time that the bactericidal power of gaseous hydrogen peroxide is more than 200 times that of liquid hydrogen peroxide. In other words, hydrogen peroxide only needs a lower concentration in the gas phase to achieve the sporicidal ability of high concentrations of liquid hydrogen peroxide, so two different hydrogen peroxide gas disinfection and sterilization technologies have emerged: gasified hydrogen peroxide sterilization technology and hydrogen peroxide "dry mist" sterilization technology.
Most of the gasification hydrogen peroxide sterilization technologies use flash evaporation technology, which drops a high-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution (generally more than 30%) on the surface of a heated and smooth metal object, and instantly vaporizes it into 2-6 micron particles. The following table shows the technical advantages of the VHP sterilization system:
There is also a kind of hydrogen peroxide sterilization device for the dry mist hydrogen peroxide sterilization device, because the gasification hydrogen peroxide sterilization equipment developed by flash technology requires a high concentration of hydrogen peroxide, corrosive and expensive, its application scope is limited to the disinfection and sterilization of small anti-corrosion confined spaces such as transfer cabins, isolators, lyophilizers, biological safety cabinets, medical equipment, biological incubators, and airlocks. It is not suitable for disinfection and sterilization of large spaces such as GMP clean workshops and hospital operating rooms. With the development of atomization technology, it has been possible to atomize disinfectant solutions into small particles of less than 10 m, the so-called dry fog technology.
Since these small particles move irregularly in the air (Brownian motion principle), they do not settle and do not clump together to produce large droplets, they will ** after touching the surface of the object and will not decompose to make the surface wet. Therefore, these properties of dry mist make it highly diffusible and do not leave dead corners when disinfecting; There is no wet surface; The equipment, color steel plates, and walls are not corroded. The results show that the smaller the atomized particles and the longer the suspension time in the air, the more opportunities they have to fully contact with the bacteria in the air to achieve the purpose of disinfection and sterilization.
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