Text: "Legal Person" magazine, full ** reporter Yin Xin.
The biggest concern this draft is the change in the requirements for academic education and training at the high school level. In late January, after the Ministry of Education issued the "Regulations on the Administration of Off-campus Training (Draft for Comments)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Draft for Comments"), a person in charge of an education and training institution in Haidian District, Beijing, told a reporter from the "Legal Person".
Compared with the "double reduction" opinion in 2021,Some of the requirements in the draft no longer include education and training at the high school level, but are reduced to compulsory education. For example, "business tax to non-business tax", restrictions on training time (no training is allowed on weekends, holidays and winter and summer vacations), and fees will be charged at the ** guide price.
If the draft becomes final, it will mean that the education and training at the high school level will be "relaxed". "I think this is a further provision made since the issuance of the 'double reduction' opinion, based on social feedback and the actual needs of students. Said the above-mentioned person.
There have long been calls for "high school relaxation".
For the "unbundling" of academic training at the high school level, there were similar calls as early as the beginning of the release of the "double reduction" opinion in 2021.
If we don't care about high school and only go to the stage of compulsory education, we can survive. At that time, more than one person in charge of an off-campus institution said this to reporters. Article 30 of the "Double Reduction" Opinions mentions: The management of academic training institutions for ordinary high school students shall be implemented with reference to the relevant provisions of these Opinions. As a result, the entire K12 stage (compulsory education and high school) subject training industry has been significantly impacted.
When the reporter asked whether the education and training at the high school level was in line with the policy, the person in charge of more than one education and training institution told the reporter: The Education Commission does not care about high school, and only prohibits extracurricular tutoring in the compulsory education stage.
As far as I know, from the summer of 2022, there will be a large number of teaching and training at the high school level. Recently, Ma Xuelei, chairman of the board of supervisors of the All-Union Chamber of Commerce for Private Education Funders, told reporters that his understanding of Article 30 of the "double reduction" opinion is that there is a certain amount of flexibility and flexibility, and it does not necessarily have to be in line with the provisions of the compulsory education stage.
Before the reporter went to press, a teaching and training institution called "Boyu" near Huangzhuang in Haidian, Beijing, was still sending advertisements to reporters, saying that high school education and training "has always been possible".
Although make-up classes are not allowed in high school, in fact, everyone secretly makes up for them and transfers to the underground 'small desks', which are not large in scale and charge high fees, which increases the burden on students and parents. A teacher at a model high school in Haidian District, Beijing, told reporters that after the "double reduction", the burden on students and teachers in school has increased, "After the after-school service, the school time is already very late." ”
Off-campus institutions are on the track of the rule of law
My personal understanding is that high school and compulsory education should be treated differently. Ma Xuelei said that it is inevitable that there will be fierce competition in selecting outstanding students to enter universities through the college entrance examination, "Compared with the compulsory education stage, high schools should encourage competition." Ma Xuelei told reporters that after the introduction of the "double reduction" opinion, the implementation of high school education and training institutions has been different from the beginning. "For example, for existing high school education and training institutions, they are not required to 'turn from business to non-business', but for education and training institutions in the compulsory education stage, it is mandatory. In other words, before the draft for comments, the situation of education and training institutions at the high school level was significantly different from that at the compulsory education stage.
According to Article 13 of the Administrative Punishment Law, in areas where laws and administrative regulations have not yet been formulated, the law enforcement department can only impose a warning, circulate a notice of criticism, or impose a certain fine, but it does not authorize the law enforcement to order it to stop production and business. Zhao Hu, a lawyer at Beijing Zhongwen Law Firm, told reporters: "With the implementation of the Interim Measures for Administrative Punishment of Off-campus Training Institutions on October 15, 2023, there is a legal basis for imposing administrative penalties on off-campus institutions. Now, the issuance of the draft for comments will soon provide a legal basis for the daily management of off-campus institutions. ”
Once the Regulations on the Administration of Off-campus Training come into force in accordance with the draft for comments, it means that most of the content of the "double reduction" opinion will be confirmed and fixed by the interim measures and regulations, and will become mandatory regulations.
Ma Xuelei believes that the management of education and training institutions must ultimately be based on laws or regulations. "Combined with the feedback from the market and society, as well as the actual needs of the majority of students, a second mandatory regulation is about to be introduced. In the context of strictly governing the country according to law and governing education according to law, the education and training industry has since completely embarked on the track of rule of law. ”
Institutions are optimistic about the resumption of high school education and training
The person in charge of an off-campus institution in Haidian told reporters that before the issuance of the "double reduction" opinion, the ratio of the institution's junior high school and high school education and training business was 4:6, and if the high school education and training business can be resumed in the future, it can be said to be a rebirth. "If we increase this 60 percent business to 70 percent, we can live very well. ”
Wang Li, the head of public relations of Beijing Giant School, once told reporters that after the "double reduction" opinion was issued, some academic education and training institutions "sold dog meat on the head of a sheep", that is, in the name of quality improvement, image thinking (language) or logical thinking (mathematics) education and even high-end housekeeping, continued to engage in subject training; Some of them reopened their drums, completely bidding farewell to discipline training and entering the training in the field of quality and expertise. "But neither of these paths is easy. Wang Li said that the former has a great risk of violating the law, and it is inevitable that there will be some "thieves"; Entering the non-academic field, because there is no unified baton of the high school entrance examination, the project is scattered and the scale is limited. ”
However, the attitude of the capital giants is still unclear. For example, education and training giants such as Ape Counseling are reluctant to make any comments on the draft for comments. In fact, the draft for comments only limits the "conversion of business to non-profit" to the compulsory education stage, and does not stipulate that education and training institutions at the high school level are also registered as non-profit institutions. "The big capital has long since ebbed, and it is not an overnight thing to let them come back. Ma Xuelei said that the most direct result of the "double reduction" opinion is to promote the basic withdrawal of large capital, "one point that cannot be ignored is the 'preparation for review', that is, the school license needs to be approved, and there is no open side to the high school education and training network." ”
Edited by Qu Yang.
Editor-in-charge: Hui Ningning.
Proofreading by Zhang Bo Zhang Xuehui.