Today we are going to study "Drinking" by the Jin Dynasty poet Tao Yuanming. Tao Yuanming is the ancestor of the pastoral poetry school, and the people we came into contact with before who wrote pastoral poems, such as Fan Chengda and Yang Wanli, all want to call Tao Yuanming a master in the creation of pastoral poems. "Drinking" is a group of five-word poems created by Tao Yuanming, a total of 20 poems, all of which are borrowed from wine as the theme, expressing their dissatisfaction with reality and their love for pastoral life, today we are going to learn the fifth of them, mainly to express the love of pastoral life.
Before, I said that a very interesting phenomenon of the literati in ancient China was that if you are talented, you must become an official. In fact, there is another very interesting thing about the ancient literati, that is, when they were unsatisfactory as officials, they went to seclusion, hid themselves in the mountains and forests or the countryside, and then wrote some poems to express their love for landscapes or rural life. This is how the group of poems "Drinking" was born.
The knot is in the human realm, and there is no noise of cars and horses", it is said that I built the house to a place where everyone lives, but I never felt that the sound of cars and horses was particularly noisy. Jielu is to build a house, and the human environment refers to the world, the place where human beings live. Why not say that there is no noise of cars and horses? Because the house is built in a place where many people live, it must be busy with traffic, and it is not lively, so it can only be said that the poet will see the carriage and horses and hear the sound every day, but he has no feeling in his heart. So why is that? The answer is given in the following sentence.
How can you ask you? The heart is far away from itself". Someone came to me and asked, how did you do it? I said that if your heart is far away from the bustling world, you will be like living in the middle of nowhere. This sentence conveys a truth to us, when the mind is calm, you will not be able to hear the noisy sounds around you, then living in a place with many people is the same as living in a place with few people. This is what it means here, in fact, it refers to why you don't feel noisy when you are in the middle of the city.
Under the east fence of picking chrysanthemums, you can see Nanshan leisurely". I was picking chrysanthemums under the fence in the east, and when I looked up, I saw Nanshan Mountain in the distance. Leisurely means very laid-back. This sentence is a famous sentence for the ages, and it is precisely because the poet's heart is very quiet that the days of "picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and leisurely seeing Nanshan" will be particularly comfortable and leisurely. So how wonderful is the scenery of Nanshan? Let's look at the next sentence.
The mountain weather is good, and the birds are still together". Sun and night means that the sun is about to set, and it means that they are together with each other. So this poem is saying that the scenery of Nanshan in the evening is really beautiful, and the birds return to their nests together.
There is a true meaning in this, and I have forgotten to distinguish it." There is a real meaning of life hidden in this beauty of nature, and I want to distinguish it, but I am already fascinated by it, and I don't know how to express it in words. Here, the true meaning of life that the poet wants to express, although it is said to be "forgetting words", has actually been expressed between the lines, that is, the love for this beautiful scenery and the love for the pastoral life that he is living now. How many points did you read?
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