The planting area of silkworm peas in Jiangsu Province in winter is about 2 million mu, and the main planting method is open field direct seeding.
From the end of January 2024, affected by the cold air, our province will enter a continuous low temperature and rainy weather, and the general minimum temperature in Huainan is about -5. According to the survey of broad beans in Nantong area, the main stem growth points of broad beans have been frozen to death, and the freezing death rate of branch growth points is about 15%, and there is more water accumulation in some fields, and aphids occur.
According to the meteorological department**, there may be low temperatures, rain and snow again in our province in mid-to-late February. All localities need to take advantage of the current fine weather to strengthen field management, timely drainage and stain reduction, beware of wet damage, and at the same time do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases, insects and weeds, and timely top dressing. According to the growth of the field and the comprehensive weather, the production and management technology of broad pea is proposed as follows
1. Dredging ditch system, drainage and stain reduction. If the soil is too wet, it is easy to form weak seedlings, which leads to root rot, stem base rot and other diseases. At present, it is necessary to clean the ditch in time to drain and reduce stains and improve soil aeration. For the silkworm pea fields that have been damaged and have a tendency to be stained, ditches should be fully opened and cleared to ensure smooth drainage and no stagnant water in the field, so as to avoid excessive waterlogging and hindering the growth of the root system. Through timely drainage, it is conducive to the rapid recovery of root growth and enhance resistance after the weather clears.
2. Remove ineffective branches and promote small branches of broad beans. In mid to late February, qualified growers took advantage of the fine weather to remove frozen branches, main stems, and branches without growth points in time to promote the growth of small branches.
3. Strengthen the weeding of cultivated loose soil. Take advantage of good weather to cultivate soil roots as early as possible to enhance soil permeability and reduce weed damage.
4. Increase the application of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. After sunny weather, fast-available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were appropriately applied to enhance the resistance of silkworm peas. After the silkworm pea is stained, the root system is damaged, and the nutrients must be supplemented in time, 3-5 kg of urea can be applied per mu, and the amount of poor growth can be appropriately increased to restore its growth as soon as possible. On the basis of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer should be applied appropriately, 3-4 kg of potassium chloride per mu or 1-2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be sprayed outside the root to increase the concentration of cytoplasm, enhance the cold resistance of the plant, and promote grain filling and seed strengthening.
5. Strengthen monitoring and reporting, and prevent and control pests and diseases. In the regreening period of silkworm peas, it is necessary to strengthen the first-class forecast of diseases and pests of silkworm peas, and pay close attention to the occurrence and development dynamics. For the fields where red spot disease occurs, it is necessary to spray 1,200 times of 50% carbendazim or 600 times of 80% m-45 mancozeb wettable powder in time for prevention and control; For the field where aphids are infested, it is necessary to spray 2500 times of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder in time for prevention and control.