Pensions, as the economic security of old age, are essential for everyone. It is not only related to the quality of life after retirement, but also determines to a certain extent whether we can truly realize the vision of "providing for the elderly and relying on the elderly". Especially for retirees of enterprises and institutions and urban and rural residents over 60 years old, the level of pension often directly determines their living standards.
The current situation and challenges of pensions for urban and rural residents].
In China, the basic old-age insurance system is divided into two types: basic old-age insurance for urban workers and basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents. There are obvious differences between the two systems in terms of the amount of contributions, the payment methods, the participants and the level of treatment.
Taking the pension insurance for urban and rural residents as an example, although there are a large number of insured people, the level of treatment is relatively low. According to the data, by the end of 2022, the number of participants in the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in China has approached 5500 million. However, the corresponding pension treatment is not optimistic. In 2022, the monthly per capita basic pension level of urban and rural residents' pension insurance benefits will only be 20469 yuan, compared with urban retirees, there is a significant gap.
This situation not only reflects the inadequacy of the old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, but also highlights the urgency of improving the level of pension benefits.
Prerequisites for applying for a pension].
Whether it is urban workers or urban and rural residents, in order to apply for a basic pension, they need to meet certain prerequisites. First of all, it is necessary to ensure that the cumulative contribution period of the basic pension insurance reaches 15 years. Secondly, at the time of retirement, both men and women need to be at least 60 years old. These two conditions are the basic thresholds for applying for a pension.
One-time supplementary payment].
In practice, many urban and rural residents do not meet the 15-year payment requirement when they reach the age of 60, and some have never participated in basic pension insurance. For this group of people, a one-time supplementary payment has become an effective way to solve the problem.
The conditions for one-time supplementary payment are relatively simple: as long as you are at least 60 years old and the cumulative payment period of basic pension insurance is less than 15 years, you can choose to make supplementary payment. After the supplementary payment is completed, you can start to enjoy the pension treatment in the next month.
Supplementary payment case] Take a farmer who will reach the age of 60 in 2024 as an example, assuming that he has never paid basic pension insurance before. If he chooses to make a one-time payment of 15 years of pension insurance premiums according to the annual payment level of 5,000 yuan, a total of 750,000 yuan. So, how much pension can he receive each month after the supplementary payment is completed?
According to the formula for calculating the pension, the basic part of his pension will be paid according to the standard set by the local government. Taking Changsha City as an example, the current basic pension standard is 276 yuan per person-month. The pension part of the personal account is calculated according to the amount of supplementary payment and the number of months, that is, 750,000 139 = 53957 yuan per month. Therefore, the total amount of pension he can receive per month is 276+53957=815.57 yuan.
As can be seen from this case, although the amount of the one-time payment is higher, the investment is worth it in the long run. After all, for a farmer, being able to receive a stable pension of more than 800 yuan per month can undoubtedly greatly improve his quality of life.
Precautions and personal suggestions for supplementary payment].
There are a few things to keep in mind when considering whether to make a lump sum catch-up:
The first is economic viability. The lump sum payment is higher and can be a burden for people who are in a better financial position. Therefore, before deciding whether to make a retroactive payment, you need to fully consider your financial strength and affordability.
The second is long-term returns. Although it is possible to start receiving a pension immediately after the catch-up payment, it is also important to take into account the long-term return on this investment. If you expect to live to a higher age, the return on the top up contribution will be even more substantial.
Finally, there is the policy adjustment. Pension insurance policies may be adjusted and changed over time. It is also important to understand and evaluate the impact of relevant policies on personal pension benefits before making supplementary contributions.
To sum up, for urban and rural residents who meet the conditions for supplementary payment, a one-time supplementary payment may be a good choice. But before making a decision, you need to fully consider your actual situation and needs, and make an informed choice.