From the end of the Qing Dynasty in 1910 to the founding of New China in 1949, there have been many wars in the past 40 years, and in different stages of the war, the ** used by the army is also following the changes, then this article will talk about the history of changes in our army during this period from the end of the Qing Dynasty to the founding of New China.
In the late Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty began to form a "new" army, and was called the "new army", whether it was equipment, soldiers' supplies, etc., all of them imitated foreign countries, and the first used by officers and soldiers was also a big change, the new army at that time wore a 1910-style military uniform, this layout imitated the German military uniform design, especially the collar, epaulettes and the hook line on the clothes, all have a strong Prussian color, including military hats, tops and pants, and the main body is also gray, which is compared with the tradition of the Qing army before**, The change is not a star, and the Qing army wearing this military uniform has a new look.
Entering the ** era, especially in the twenties, the warlords of Beiyang are in the melee stage, but the military uniforms worn by the officers and soldiers of all forces are basically the same, for the first year of the year, this layout imitates the design of the Japanese military uniform at that time, and also adopts a vertical collar, with a "label" on both sides of the military badge, and the shoulder can wear a vertical strip of military rank badges, the main body is blue, in which the color of the officer style is darker, and the pockets are larger, and with decorative lines.
As for the style of ordinary soldiers, the color is relatively light, the layout is more ordinary, although it is also four pockets, but the whole is relatively small, there is no decoration on it, the most important thing is that the material is also relatively poor, hats, clothes and trousers are made of cotton fabric, the thickness is not as good as the officer's woolen fabric.
In the late stage of the warlord melee, around the end of the twenties, the Beiyang Feng warlords in the Northeast region, on the basis of the previous ** first year style military uniform, improved a new set of military uniforms, but compared with the original style, the general layout of the shirt has not changed much, but some details have been modified, such as the four pockets on the clothes are reduced as a whole, and the two pockets on the chest are changed to an inclined state, and the distance between each button is adjusted more intensively, but it is still seven buttons, which may also be due to the environment,** In addition to the khaki color used throughout, the large-brimmed hat that goes with the uniform has been modified to reduce the silhouette of the hat as a whole, similar to the Japanese military hat during the Russo-Japanese War.
The ** of the Northern Expeditionary Army, the general style seems to be similar to that of the Beiyang, but it is not a kind in essence, and the ** of the Northern Expeditionary Army is to imitate the Soviet design, using a folding collar collar, and the angle is large, some characteristics of Soviet-style military uniforms, at the same time, this military uniform is also integrated into the design of the tunic suit, the style is decent, relatively simple, the clothes only use five brass buttons, when the officers and soldiers are wearing, the rank badge is generally not placed on the collar, it will be placed above the sleeve in the form of an armband.
At that time, most of the ** officers and soldiers were still wearing the earlier Zhongshan-style military uniforms, but they were slightly modified, such as reducing the angle of the collar, removing the characteristics of the Soviet-style collar, and making it more like a Zhongshan suit, and at the same time, the military rank badge was also changed to wear the collar part, no longer in the form of an armband, as for the pockets, buttons and layouts of this set of **, there was almost no change, and the clothing of other local troops was mainly blue, and the **military troops were yellow, and the ** army at that time had begun to cancel the large-brimmed hat on a small scale. Changed to a German-style mountain hat.
At the same time, the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army ** was also an imitation of the Soviet-style design, the biggest feature is the octagonal hat and the red collar badge, which marks the "future of the revolution", but due to the difficult conditions of the Red Army, coupled with the lack of materials, so the fabric for making military uniforms is very poor, the surface is very rough, and it is not too strong, because the Red Army has always had the concept of unity of officers and soldiers, so there is no difference in the style of military uniforms of cadres and soldiers, they are all the same quality and design, but there are differences in the color of different parts of the Red Army. The normal ones are gray-blue or gray, and some officers and soldiers of the Red Fourth Front Army are generally dressed in black.
In the stage of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the ** line of the army was changed to "Whampoa style", which was based on the Whampoa Military Academy cadets, and a set of standard military uniforms was modified, but the basic style still retains the characteristics of the tunic suit, such as the most iconic folded collar, four pockets and five buttons, in fact, the biggest change in this set of military uniforms is to add an information stamp on the left side of the chest, which marks the names, arms, ranks and positions of officers and soldiers, and the above picture is the style of captain-level officers, and the clothing fabric is thicker than that of soldiers.
The picture above is a senior officer style, which can only be distributed at the rank of a colonel or above, and is made of better material than the lieutenant style, mainly made of fabrics similar to suits, and darker in color, some of which are more dark green.
The picture above is **Ordinary soldiers of the army**, which is worse than the officer's style fabric, hats, clothes and pants are made of cotton fabric, the material is relatively thin and soft, and the color is more earthy.
In addition to the first military descendant troops, other local troops, such as the Yunnan Army, the Northwest Army and the Jin Sui Army and other officers and soldiers, also wear this "Whampoa" style, but because the logistics of the local army are self-sufficient, so most of the fabrics used to make military uniforms are different from the first army, there are differences in the quality of workmanship, and the color of the local army is rarely yellow, taking Yan Xishan's Jin Sui Army as an example, the ** used by the officers and soldiers is basically blue-gray, the above picture is the officer style, the color is darker, and the fabric is relatively thick.
The picture above is the soldier model of the Jin Sui Army, the color is much lighter than that of the officer, the cotton fabric is used, and the quality of workmanship is relatively average, but it is better than the soldiers of most local troops, and it can reach the level of the army.
After entering the all-out War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the former regular Red Army troops and some Red Army guerrillas were reorganized into the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, of which the Eighth Route Army also began to refer to the style design, but due to the lack of fabric, many soldiers of the Eighth Route Army are still wearing the previous Red Army's **, but no longer wear octagonal hats, but change to the same German-style mountain hats.
In the later stage of the Anti-Japanese War, with the continuous growth of the anti-Japanese base area, more soldiers of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army wore the **style** of post-production**, and were issued with German-style hats.
At the end of the Anti-Japanese War in the forties, the Chinese Expeditionary Force entered Burma to fight, and was divided into two parts: the Expeditionary Force and the Indian Army, although it was assisted by British and American uniforms and equipment, but only the soldiers of the Indian Army wore British uniforms and American uniforms, and most of the soldiers of the Expeditionary Force who fought with the Japanese army on the front line were still wearing the tropical version of the late stage according to the environment, and the general layout was similar to that of the British Army, the top was a T-shirt, and the bottom was shorts.
After entering the Liberation War, the army began to change to a new style, for the 46-type military uniform, in 1946 began to gradually replace the early Whampoa style, the 46-style military uniform in the design of the characteristics of the American style, the use of American military rank collar and epaulettes, the chest also has a seniority medal, the military uniform jacket and pants are woolen fabric, the general layout has both a feeling of American military uniform, but also a little shadow of the tunic suit.
The People's Liberation Army's ** early types are varied, there are blue-gray, grass green, earthy yellow, and most of them continue to use the Eighth Route Army, but the armband and cockade are removed, until the end of the Liberation War, only began to gradually distribute a unified 49-style military uniform, this style refers to the previous Red Army ** design, but compared with the former is more simple and concise, no collar badge and no epaulettes, the mouth of the clothes is made of four plastic buttons, and the overall clothing also looks loose.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the People's Liberation Army began to unify, according to the end of the Liberation War equipment of the 49 military uniforms to improve, in 1950 launched the 50 type military uniform, but the essence of the design of the 49 type is basically the same, but also five buttons, the two are thicker than the 50 type of fabric, the most important thing is that the 50 type military uniform covers the whole arms, including land, sea, air three styles, as well as female soldier styles and cadre styles and so on.
Moreover, the male cadre style will also be equipped with a 50-style large-brimmed hat imitating the Soviet M43 in daily situations, and the original "liberation hat" will be worn when training or going to the front.