The action game Assassin's Creed, which was released in 2007, has been gaining fans and enthusiasts all over the world. The English name of the game is "Assassin S Creed", which translates to "Assassin's Creed" in Chinese, and assassin means "assassin", but this English word is ** Arabic. The main reason for the "cultural export" of Arabic to English is the mysterious and terrifying organization "Assasin" that once existed in the Middle East.
In the 11th century, a man named Hassan. The boy was born in the city of Qombs in northwestern Iran. As an adult, he became acquainted with Amira, an Ismaili follower. Dalab. Under the influence of the latter, Hassan gradually accepted the teachings of the Ismailis and assiduously studied the teachings of this sect, which was given to the chief missionary of the region, Ibn. Atash was impressed. On Atash's recommendation, Hassan left his homeland to study in Egypt, the stronghold of the Ismaili sect. After a period of further study, Hassan left Egypt. After that, Hassan traveled and preached in Iran. At that time, Iran was ruled by the Sunni Seljuk Empire, and the situation in Iran as heretical Shiites can be imagined. Hassan began to preach Ismaili ideas to the people and inspire them to rise up against the Seljuk regime, and soon won the support of numerous people and a large following. Hassan's activities with such a fanfare must have attracted the attention of the Seljuk Empire. Hassan was eventually forced to flee to northern Iran.
At this time, Hassan was already very clear that not only had the support of the Ismailis sect, but also had to have a base of his own. To that end, he set his sights on the mountainous region of Alamut in the province of Daram, where there are many Shiites and where Hassan can easily find supporters. In addition, there stood a fortified fortress: Fort Alamut. Under the cover of local believers, Hassan infiltrated the Alammut Fort. Incredibly, with his personal charm and outstanding eloquence, it didn't take long for many of the defenders in the castle to become his followers, and by the time the castle keepers found out that something was wrong, control of the castle had changed hands. After taking the castle without bloodshed, the Ismailis of Iran finally had their own base camp. Hassan's "Assasin" can do its best!
After gaining the base, Hassan led his followers to preach and preach, transforming villages into the territory of his religion, and while his power expanded, it inevitably led to the crusade of the Seljuk Empire. In 1092, Malikshah sent an army to attack Alamut, and Hassan sent an army to attack at night, defeating the crusading army with fewer victories. Although he won the victory by luck, after all, his strength was limited, and there was no good fruit to eat in the real hard fight, so Hassan came up with a very alternative countermeasure: assassination. Energetic young men are specially selected to undergo rigorous assassination, fighting, and camouflage training to assassinate mission targets. In order to achieve the goal of intimidating the enemy, assassination operations often carry out "public executions" of targets in broad daylight and in full view of everyone. For this, they received the title "Hashsin", which means "**", and over time, this title evolved into what we know as "Assasin", whose adherents are also known as "Assasins".
Since the "Assasin" assiduously studied the languages and customs of different ethnic groups on weekdays, it was not difficult for them to integrate into the surrounding environment after dressing up. They can be vendors in the bazaar, beggars on street corners, footmen in the dust, or even devout disciples. Until you reveal their only special weapon, a dagger coated with poison, you won't know he's an Assassin. This is also the reason why the assassination operations of "Assasin" have been able to succeed repeatedly. The first target of the assassination was Nizam, the Seljuk vizierMuilek. On October 16, 1096, the prime minister was on his way to meet his wife after attending Eid al-Fitr, when an "Assasin" disguised as a Sufi devotee unwittingly approached his palanquin and killed him.
This assassination shook the entire Seljuk Empire, and also made the terrifying and strange reputation of "Assasin" triumphant, and Hassan was out of control from then on. Nizam. Shortly after Muellerk was killed, two of his sons were also murdered. In the decades that followed, many Seljuk emirs, generals, and religious figures were killed - Assasin, and the entire territory of the Seljuk was enveloped in terror. While the "assassination" was an asymmetrical means against the Seljuk Empire, the power of the "Assasin" was also expanding. "Assasin" is not a reckless man who can only kill, they also have a magic weapon: infiltration. Assassins could lurk for months, if not years, in key positions in the enemy camp. When the time comes, they will use intimidation to achieve the goal of surrendering the army without a fight.
For example, the Seljuk Sultan Sanjar refused to negotiate peace with the "Assasin" at the beginning of his accession to the throne, and that night a close waiter infiltrated the sultan's chamber and stuck a dagger on the ground. Hassan then sent another letter to Sanjar: "If it weren't for my intention to treat the Sultan well, the dagger stuck in the hard ground would have pierced the Sultan's soft chest." Interestingly, Sanjar immediately halted the expedition against the Assasin and allowed them to collect taxes in their own territory. After that, Sanjar never dared to do it again"Assasin"Use of force.
Infiltration operations like this are carried out in "Assasin.""The list goes on and on for hundreds of years of organization's existence. The courts of the various regimes in the Middle East are full of Hassan believers. It is worth mentioning that the external environment at that time was also conducive to the development of "Assasin", after the death of the Seljuk Sultan Malikshah, the country immediately fell into a civil war, the nobles and princes supported their own troops, killed each other, and countless power vacuums appeared in the empire in an instant. Hassan seized the opportunity to expand his power, and by the time of Hassan's death in 1124, Assasin's influence had spread throughout Iran and had penetrated into Syria and Iraq.
After Hassan's death, Bulzugwumid, Muhammad, Hassan II and other grandmasters came to power, and during his lifetime, the "Assasin" gradually adjusted their strategy, the pace of expansion slowed down, and the sect's top leaders began to adopt more flexible military and diplomatic strategies. Sometimes they collect tribute from other nations, sometimes they pay tribute to other nations, sometimes they turn against a lord, and sometimes they form alliances with a more powerful lord. It can be said that "Assasin" at this time operated as a state. It's just that "assassination", as the "intangible cultural heritage" of the "Assasin" organization, has been passed on, but it is mixed with more interest considerations, and at this time the assassins wielded their daggers for only one reason: to take people's money, **
Although the assassination of "Assasin" has decreased compared to the Hassan era. But the fear of dying at any moment still dominates the Middle East's politicians, and the resentment in the hearts of the aristocracy grows deeper and deeper, to the point of eradicating the former with the help of foreign enemies. ** When the official Shasdin met with the Mongol prince Möngke, he vigorously accused Assasin"of atrocities. In 1251, after Möngke succeeded to the throne, he ordered his fifth brother Hulegu to send troops to the west, and specially ordered "Assasin."", instructing Hülegü to sweep away this "** force" entrenched in the mountains"In the face of the powerful Mongol army, the last grandmaster Luken Aydin was ready to surrender at first, and agreed to Hulegu's condition of demolishing his own fortress and sending his son as a hostage.
Later, under the persuasion of his close ministers, he changed his mind, not only changed the hostages, but also came up with various reasons to delay the surrender. When the Mongol army arrived, Luken Aydin still wanted to repel the enemy with its rugged terrain, strong walls, and bitter winter cold. However, the fighting power of the Mongols was far from comparable to that of the Seljuk army. Just a month later, Luken Aydin surrendered the city. Since then, hundreds of "Assasin" fortresses in Iran have also surrendered.
After Luken Addin surrendered, Hulegu kept his promise and did not kill him, but sent him to Möngke to obey him. Intimidated by the notorious style of "Assasin", Möngke ordered the punishment to be carried out"Assasin", even the infant was not spared. So far, Iran's"Assasin"The forces were completely eradicated.
However, active in the Middle East"Assasin"The power is not completely dead. Back in the Hassan period, "Assasin"The infiltration of Syria began. At the end of the 11th century, the "crusaders" from Europe invaded the Middle East, and Syria bore the brunt of the invasion, and the situation was in chaos. Local powers, large and small, and "crusaders.""The kingdom you attack and fight, and the war continues, in Syria's Assasin"The forces are thin, with only a few fortresses. Later, in the so-called "Old Man of the Mountain" Rashid Din. Under the leadership of Xinan, Syria's "Assasin" not only saved itself and strengthened its power, but even broke away from the control of the Iranian headquarters for a time and became a decisive force in Syria.
While implementing a series of flexible strategic means to protect himself, Xinan did not give up the "assassination". The targets of assassination are not divided into ethnic groups and religions. Even Saladin, known as the Islamic world's greatest hero, was attacked twice in 1175 and 1176. He died in 1192. After that, "Assasin" in Syria returned to the control of the Iranian headquarters. In 1270 and 1273, the last of the Assassin Order disappeared from history as the last bastions of the Assasin in Syria fell to the Mamluk Sultan Baibers.