Qin Shi Huang went to Mount Tai to enshrine Zen, in addition to publicizing his own merits, what other secrets are there behind it? In order to stabilize the queen's position, how did Wu Zetian use clever tricks to create a precedent for women to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen? Why did Song Zhenzong's Taishan Fengzen have to be written and directed?
In ancient times, the emperors dreamed of the most was probably to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen, Mount Tai is essentially a dialogue between the emperor and heaven and earth, so where can the sky be passed, and the earth can be passed? The ancients believed that the closest place to heaven is the sacred mountain Mount Tai in the east, although going to Mount Tai to seal Zen is very attractive to the emperor, but not everyone is qualified to go, among the emperors who have been there, not every process of preparing for the Zen ceremony is very smooth.
The first emperor Qin Shi Huang, Qin Shi Huang as the first emperor in Chinese history, if you want to talk about the qualifications to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen, he has absolutely no problem, he created the imperial system, established the county system, unified text weights and measures, which one is brought out is a thousand years of merit, and the previous suspicion is overwhelming. However, Qin Shi Huang went to Mount Tai to seal the Zen process, but it was full of twists and turns.
The first emperor went to Mount Tai to seal Zen, in addition to wanting to announce his exploits to the world, there is a very important reason, that is, to eliminate a worry in his heart, in 221 BC, Qin unified the six countries, it is difficult to fight the world, it is even more difficult to defend the world, Qin Shi Huang spent half his life to unify the six countries, but it is not easy to make the people submit, the most worrying thing is the Qi country located in today's Shandong.
In the battlefield of pacifying the Six Kingdoms, Qi was the last to perish, and Qi was the strongest, known as the Eastern Qin, and Qin was the two major powers in the east and west, Qi was under the governance of the Prime Minister Guan Zhong, not only the industrial and commercial development was very prosperous, the Qi State had nearly 60 cities before the surrender, there had been no major war in the past 40 years, and the military strength was quite well preserved.
How can we quickly integrate the people into the unified environment? Qin Shi Huang thought of two ways, one of which was to tour the east. According to historical records, Qin Shi Huang would have hundreds of thousands of troops as bodyguards every time he went on patrol, and this kind of pomp and circumstance alone caused a great shock to the people psychologically, and at the same time also told the world that it is now the world of Great Qin, and do not give birth to evil thoughts and delusions.
And want the people to be obedient, the light is not enough, but also to show grace, Qin Shi Huang's second way is to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen, he wants to take the opportunity to investigate, and the people and the local nobles to get closer, 219 BC lunar February, Qin Shi Huang ascended the throne in the third year, he led the civil and military ministers to run thousands of miles to Mount Tai, arrived at the destination, Qin Shi Huang sighed with emotion, because although there are various legends of Feng Zen in history, but none of them are emperors, Qin Shi Huang as an emperor through the ages, his Feng Zen is absolutely epoch-making. However, Qin Shi Huang did not expect that his sealing Zen was a little unsmooth.
Taishan Zen sealing has been interrupted since the Zhou Dynasty, and there is no systematic documentation, so the sealing ceremony has also been lost. As soon as he arrived at the foot of Mount Tai, Qin Shi Huang summoned more than 70 Confucian doctors in the Qilu area, first, Qin Shi Huang wanted to figure out how to hold this ceremony through their understanding, and second, Qin Shi Huang wanted to take this opportunity to get closer to him and the Qilu Shi doctor class.
Who expected these people not to appreciate it, when Qin Shi Huang asked them about the ritual of sealing Zen, the Confucian scholars either said that they did not know, or said that it was simply held, and some people even said that the emperor went to the top of Mount Tai to worship the sky, it was best not to take the car, if you have to sit, you should also wrap the wheels with cattail, so as not to destroy the grass and trees on the mountain, which is obviously in the connotation Qin Shi Huang is not qualified to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen, because he is not as expensive as the grass and trees of Mount Tai. Qin Shi Huang was very angry, thinking that this time he was here to seal Zen, and he couldn't clean up all these people at once, so Qin Shi Huang found an excuse for the Confucian scholars to step down and not be allowed to participate in this matter.
In desperation, Qin Shi Huang decided to adopt the familiar Qin State of the memorial ceremony, after the ceremony was finalized, the next thing was to hold the Zen ceremony, but who would have thought that Qin Shi Huang climbed Mount Tai on the day of the rain, once in the battlefield of the Six Kingdoms invincible Imperial Forest Army, in the storm in the blow of the army, Qin Shi Huang himself can not take into account the majesty of the emperor, he ran away, looking for a place to hide from the rain, and finally escaped the storm under a big pine tree, in order to thank the pine tree for his own shelter from the wind and rain, Qin Shi Huang also named him the five doctors, and the five doctors were the ninth level of the 20-level military merit medal of Qin, which belonged to the middle and upper level of official positions.
It stands to reason that this matter should become a beautiful talk for the pine tree to seal the five doctors, but this matter was known by the Confucian scholars in the land of Qilu, they laughed at Qin Shi Huang, the historical records of the Feng Zen book recorded that he climbed Mount Tai for the storm, did not complete the Zen ceremony at all, for these ironies and ridicule, Qin Shi Huang did not pay attention, after the end of the Zen ceremony, he went to Jiaodong, in the process of the parade, the political means of Qin Shi Huang sacrificed the eight ancestors of Qi one by one, in addition, Qin Shi Huang also understood the people's feelings, Put some Qin carved stones in each place, and the content on them is mostly to praise Qin De.
It can be seen that Qin Shi Huang made great efforts to promote the integration of the six countries, and his Taishan Feng Chan also created a precedent for the feudal emperor Taishan Feng Chan.
Next, her journey to Mount Tai was shocked to the world, a generation of Jade Emperor, Wu Zetian, when Wu Zetian went to Mount Tai to seal Zen, the identity was only a queen, as a queen, how could she want to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen? The cause of the incident is related to a turmoil.
One day in the first year of Tang Linde (664 AD), the queen Wu Zetian was resting in the harem, and suddenly a guard ran to quietly tell him that Tang Gaozong Li Zhi wanted to abolish his queen's throne.
Hearing the news, Wu Zetian was very anxious, she hurriedly ran to the emperor, regardless of 3721, she knelt on the ground and cried for mercy, watching the queen cry very sadly, Tang Gaozong couldn't bear it, and the edict that was originally being drafted was pressed down, which was the post-abolition turmoil in the history of the Tang Dynasty.
Although the turmoil passed, but the thought that he might be abolished, Wu Zetian still shuddered, so he began to find a way to stabilize his position, just at this time, an opportunity appeared, 664 A.D. happened to be a bumper year, after Tang Gaozong ascended the throne, the world was peaceful, ** prosperous, the Tang Dynasty was one of the most powerful countries in the world at that time, in order to show respect for heaven and earth, civil and military officials went to the court, let Tang Gaozong go to Mount Tai for Zen.
Tang Gaozong was very happy, but he couldn't make up his mind, went to Mount Tai to seal the Zen with outstanding achievements, his father Tang Taizong Li Shimin created the rule of Zhenguan did not go to Mount Tai to seal the Zen, Tang Gaozong felt a little unworthy, just Tang Gaozong hesitated, and Wu Zetian's attitude was completely different, he thought that if I could promote the great event of the country, her status in the hearts of the ministers and even the people would be better, so he began to find ways to promote the Feng Zen.
In order to achieve the purpose of sealing Zen, Wu Zetian constantly asked his henchmen Li Yifu and Xu Jingzong to write to Tang Gaozong, asking for the implementation of the Taishan Sealing Zen Ceremony as soon as possible, at this time Tang Gaozong hesitated when Wu Zetian was behind the scenes to promote, Wu Zetian, who was good at speculating on the holy will, thought of a way, secretly liked, Taishan Feng Zen This matter was first proposed by the ministers, if you publicly express your support, it is a concurrence, Wu Zetian is unwilling, that will leave people with the queen's condescending handle, Of course, it was just a verbal secret praise, and Tang Gaozong would not make up his mind, so Wu Zetian did another thing.
The emperor of the Tang Dynasty admired Taoism very much, so Wu Zetian sent the Taoist chief Guo Xingzhen in advance to set up a peculiar form of mandarin duck monument on Mount Tai, which wrote that Mr. Guo Xingzhen of Dongyue was enshrined as the emperor, and the queen was like a residence. That is to say, Guo Xingzhen was ordered to prepare for Tang Gaozong to seal Mount Tai, and the Taoist invited Tang Gaozong to seal the emperor of Zen, Tang Gaozong took a reassuring pill, Wu Zetian was very happy, and immediately proposed to go with the emperor.
Unexpectedly, the ministers were extremely shocked to know, because according to the ancestral system, only the emperor has the qualifications to seal Mount Tai, and women are not qualified to go, so Wu Zetian thought of another trick, Tang Gaozong is a well-known filial son, thinking that his father Li Shimin was poisonous, Gaozong not only took care of him, but also sucked pus and blood for his father with his mouth, so Wu Zetian decided to use his filial piety to correct his name.
He said to Tang Gaozong that when you go to Mount Tai, what else should you sacrifice besides the heavens and the earth, sacrifice to your father, sacrifice to your mother, when you sacrifice your father, it is no problem for you to take your ministers, if you sacrifice your mother, it is not appropriate for you to take those ministers to go, therefore, it is natural for you to sacrifice your mother to my Wu Zetian. This move kills two birds with one stone, not only making Tang Gaozong, who is a filial son, unable to refuse, but also blocking the ministers' leisurely mouths.
In October 665 AD, Tang Gaozong led the civil and military officials, Wu Zetian led the maid attendants from the eastern capital Luoyang to Mount Tai, according to the etiquette of the Tang Dynasty, there are three major procedures for sealing Zen, the first is the emperor to sacrifice to the sky, and then the secretary of the government offers wine, called Yaxian, and then the secretary of the public to carry out the final offering, the last two of the whole ceremony should be presided over by the minister, and this shocking scene appeared, after Tang Gaozong finished the ceremony, all the deacons retreated, and the palace officials supported the battle, in doubt, I saw Wu Zetian, who was full of spring breeze, made a grand appearance and presided over the ceremony of sealing Zen at the back.
Wu Zetian hung the curtain to listen to the government, he and the minister had a curtain to block, and the same was true for Feng Chan, he couldn't show his head in front of the minister, so when he held the ceremony, at this time he picked up a curtain on the altar, and he completed the etiquette of Feng Chan in the color tent. Wu Zetian is a smart person, he has long found that according to the old system, going to Mount Tai is not secret at all. So he wrote to Tang Gaozong that it should be changed to the emperor first to worship the sky, and then the queen to sacrifice to the sky, so that the emperor and the empress can echo from beginning to end.
When Tang Gaozong heard it, he readily agreed, Wu Zetian's approach also caused some conservative ministers to ridicule, and he did not agree with it, but for such a problem, Wu Zetian's approach was the same as Qin Shi Huang, he proposed that Tang Gaozong add the same officials to the entourage, and slowly the dissatisfaction of these hundred officials was calmed down, and this time Mount Tai Feng Chan also became a rehearsal of Wu Zetian's life, because 30 years later, he carried out Songshan Feng Zen as the emperor.
And the last emperor Song Zhenzong Zhao Heng who went to Mount Tai to seal Zen, in order to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen, his approach was even more incredible. One day in the third lunar month of 1008 AD, Yanzhou, Shandong, now Jining, Shandong, led more than 1,000 people to the capital city of Bianliang, Tokyo. As soon as the people of the capital inquired, they learned that these people were on behalf of the local people in Yanzhou to invite the emperor Song Zhenzong to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen. Song Zhenzong's Feng Chan is different from the Feng Chan of several other emperors, most of the other emperors' Feng Chan was held in the context of the flourishing of Wenzhi and martial arts, while Song Zhenzong's Feng Chan is different, he has just fought a war with the Liao State.
Four years ago, in 1004 AD, the northern minority Khitan invaded the Song Dynasty, in order to seek peace, Song Zhenzong promised to send **300,000 taels and 200,000 horses of silk to the Khitan people every year, in exchange for the withdrawal of the Liao army to end the war, which is the historical alliance of the Yuanyuan. To say that Song Zhenzong is not mediocre, but after all, he has signed an unequal treaty, and it is indeed not qualified to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen.
Not long after the collective performance of the people in Shandong, when the prime minister led more than 2,400 people from all walks of life such as civil and military officials, local celebrities, monks and laymen, etc., to write five times in a row to ask Song Zhenzong to hold a ceremony to seal Zen, before the people appealed, and now there are ministers have played, Song Zhenzong went to Mount Tai to seal Zen is imperative. But it stands to reason that he doesn't have the qualifications, all of this is actually written and directed by Song Zhenzong.
Song Zhenzong signed the alliance of the Yuanyuan, he himself heard someone say that this is a shame, Song Zhenzong thought of his henchman Wang Qinruo, Wang Qinruo has no great skills, but there is one thing very powerful, that is, speculating on the holy will, he told Song Zhenzong that your Majesty you can hold a ceremony to seal Zen, in order to show the emperor's prestige, let those who gossip behind their backs shut up, Song Zhenzong listened, this idea is good, but on what grounds to organize, Wang Qinruo said, in ancient times, to Mount Tai to seal Zen, either outstanding political achievements, or auspicious from the sky. Your Majesty, you have to take the second one, and Tianrui is not very reliable.
As soon as he heard that he made this, Song Zhenzong's eyes lit up, because he thought of the story of Hetu Luoshu, the legend of Longma dedicated the river map to Fu Xi, Fu Xi relied on the river map to deduce the gossip, and then the turtle dedicated Luo Shu to Dayu, and Dayu finally relied on Luo Shu to control the water successfully. Is there really a Ryoma turtle in history? Some people say that it is actually man-made, so Song Zhenzong imitated Hetuluo Shu to make a book of heaven, the general content of which is that God thinks that Zhao Heng of Song Zhenzong is the king of the mandate of heaven, and then spreads the news of the book of heaven.
The common people don't know the truth of the Book of Heaven, and not long after the auspicious sky fell, there was a ** Zen sealing incident in Shandong. And Song Zhenzong thought of Wang Dan to take the lead**, Wang Dan is talented and is the head of the hundred officials, if he can take the lead, this will be done.
A palace banquet, Song Zhenzong invited Prime Minister Wang Dan to the banquet, after the wine and food were full, the emperor gave Wang Dan a wine, and said with a deep meaning, this wine is excellent, you go back and enjoy it with your wife and family. Wang Dan was slightly drunk at the time, and didn't take it too seriously, but when he returned home, he was shocked when he opened the box containing wine, which was full of jewelry, Wang Dan was a smart person, thinking of the book of heaven, and remembering that a few days ago, Wang Qinruo had privately found him and asked him to support Song Zhenzong to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen, he instantly understood, this is not a reward, not a reward, this is a bribe, no way, in desperation, Wang Dan took the civil and military officials to ask Song Zhenzong to go to Mount Tai to seal Zen.
On the fourth day of the tenth lunar month in 1004 AD, Song Zhenzong led a large group of people to Mount Tai under the guidance of the so-called Book of Heaven, and on October 23, he climbed Mount Tai and came to the South Heavenly Gate, completing the coveted Zen ceremony. Treasured in the Taishan Dai Temple in the Tianzhen Hall of Mount Tai God Qibi Huiluan map, according to legend, Song Zhenzong asked the painter to paint according to his own Zen scene at that time. The whole mural is 3 meters high, 62 meters long, there are 697 figures such as heaven and earth, gods, heaven, history, etc., the momentum is magnificent, and people can think of the grand scene of Song Zhenzong Taishan sealing Zen at a glance.
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However, because Song Zhenzong's Mount Tai Feng Zen belonged to a farce, it completely destroyed the solemnity of the ceremony of Feng Zen, and then no emperor went to Mount Tai to seal Zen.