The Battle of Jinjibao can be called a model of wits and courage in the history of modern Chinese warfare, but unfortunately it is almost unknown, which is really regrettable.
At the beginning, Zuo Zongtang played a whole set of Lost Trace Punches, revealing countless flaws, luring the sect leader to keep recruiting troops everywhere, trying to defeat Zuo Zongtang in one fell swoop.
As a result, the sect leader was taken to the ditch by Zuo Zongtang, because the Qing army did not plan to fight the sect leader on the battlefield at all, but to take the opportunity to consume his food and let him taste it, what is called sitting and eating empty mountains!
And the sect leader is worthy of being a generation of traitors and evildoers, knowing that he is in the middle of the plan, he simply does not do two things, and he will plan accordingly, and once severely injured Lei Zhengwan and Huang Ding, who lured the enemy, forced the two of them out of the gorge, surrounded them by groups, and designed to plot against Liu Songshan, intending to take advantage of the chaos to annihilate the Hunan army.
As a result, the court that did not know the truth was demoted to Zuo Zongtang in a row, and Lei Zhengjuan's official was dismissed, and he was given a suspension and retention, if it weren't for Liu Jintang's birth, Lei Zhengwan and Huang Ding's tenacity, today's Sichuan and Shaanxi may be China's frontiers, as for Zuo Zongtang, he would not be called the first great man in five hundred years by Liang Qichao.
Therefore, in the post-war period, Zuo Zongtang first recommended Liu Jintang to the imperial court, followed by Huang Ding, and then Lei Zhengjuan, the great achievements of the three of them are fully qualified to be written into middle school history textbooks.
So is the sect leader finished? How can it be so simple to make a master's move! If you think that using the Six-Vein Divine Sword and the Flame Sword is already the apex of the master's moves, then you are very wrong, there are even more powerful Yi Jin Sutra and Qiankun Great Shift in the world.
Since the sect leader is behind this earth-shattering rebellion, then he is not only vicious, extremely vicious, and does all kinds of evil, but is full of complete evil, and he is the real head of the evil people in the world.
So after a brief period of panic and collapse, he quickly relented and was determined to resist to the end, so what else could he do?
One is his old routine, the Sunflower Treasure Book, who plays yin, if you want to succeed, you must first go from the palace. stabbed Zuo Zongtang's knife from behind. So how did he do it?
First, he played fake surrender again, trying to let the court know that he has always been a good person, and all the responsibility lies with the man.
The second is to play the sad card, trying to provoke a ** war, and describing Zuo Zongtang as a cruel villain, so how did he do it?
It's very simple, aren't you Zuo Zongtang ruthless enough? Will you burn my grain and cut off my cooking? Okay, then let's just turn it into a public event, and let the people who don't know the truth come together to evaluate and see if ** will let you go.
So the ** in the northwest began to play to the court again, saying that the sect leader has always wanted to surrender to the court, and has never had the heart of rebellion.
The reason is very simple, Zuo Zongtang sent the army to burn other people's crops and not leave a way for others to live, do you say this is a human thing? Do you think it's okay if people don't do it?
So what will be the reaction of these recitals when they arrive at the imperial court? Quite simply, there was an uproar!
Many ministers who regard themselves as the Holy Mother of feel that Zuo Zongtang is not authentic in this matter, and regardless of the actual situation on the front line, they have stood on the moral high ground to condemn Zuo Zongtang, saying that the court rules the world with benevolence and righteousness, how can you do this?
Not to mention Zuo Zongtang, are you selling your reputation and forcing the good to become a prostitute, even if the sect leader is a heinous person, then you have to fight and kill, you go to him, what is your burning of the people's food? It's basically unkind to officials.
They felt that if the sect leader was a big villain, then Zuo Zongtang was simply a heinous bad official, and the harm he caused was ten times and a hundred times greater than that of the sect leader.
So many people began to suggest again, and they hurriedly replaced Zuo Zongtang.
You must not underestimate the pressure of this **, this surging saliva, the pressure of the Empress Dowager Cixi is almost unbearable, the ministers have asked to send someone to investigate this matter, no matter what, let the other party spring plough first, and at the same time, if the other party is indeed willing to surrender, then it should be accepted immediately, why? Are benevolent invincible!
So most of it is blind, and it has been since ancient times.
Zuo Zongtang was once again forced into a corner, in the seventh day of the third month to the imperial court, he had to respond to this question, on the one hand, he emphasized that fighting a war to burn the other party's grain and grass, this is a practice since ancient times, there is nothing to blame, the Qing army did the right thing.
On the other hand, he had to admit that this kind of thing could only be done when fighting against foreign countries, and it was not allowed when fighting at home. Then he emphasized, saying that I burned the other party's crops, who saw it? Is there any evidence? I didn't do it anyway.
Then he said that the reason why the rebels are now on the verge of collapse is because of the lack of food, and that the sect leader said that surrendering was purely a delaying tactic, and that we were about to complete it, and there was no need to send people to investigate and deal with this matter......
Alas! This is probably the most confusing piece of Zuo Zongtang's logic, and we can also see from here how difficult Zuo Zongtang is.
In the real world, talking about benevolence, righteousness and morality with the most vicious people is simply the rhythm of seeking skin with the tiger and looking for death. But how can this be clearly related to those virgin in the court?
However, Zuo Zongtang finally made concessions and asked Liu Jintang to suspend the offensive and did not interfere with the spring ploughing of Jinjibao, on the one hand, it was to calm this war of words, on the other hand, spring ploughing was not a summer harvest after all, and the grain shortage in Jinjibao had not been alleviated, and the grain that grew in the future may not be able to be harvested by his sect leader.
But this incident made the sect leader see hope again, and he decided to carry it to the end, so can he succeed?
Zuo Zongtang also decided that he could no longer give the sect leader a little chance, in the face of such an enemy, as long as you had the slightest negligence, you would definitely lose everything, and the consequences would be unimaginable.
After a brief rest, the Qing army divided into two routes and launched another attack on Jinji Fort. This time, Zuo Zongtang wanted the overlord to take the bow and directly kill the sect leader. He was ready to sweep away the outer fortresses in one fell swoop and directly besiege Jinji Fort, what made Zuo Zongtang have such confidence again?
That was the arrival of the Krupp field artillery, this kind of rifled breech gun that shone in the German-French war, was transported from Shanghai to the Northwest Front, part of which was equipped with Liu Jintang's department, and part of it was equipped with Xu Wenxiu's department.
So Huang Ding, Lei Zhengjuan and Xu Wenxiu launched an attack along the gorge from the middle road, and Liu Jintang and Jin Yunchang led the army to return to the center of Jinjibao along the north road.
But the road is one foot high, the magic is one foot high, the sect leader was not idle during this time, he and the ** people connected to the line, during this time, through Mongolia smuggled a large number of Russian-made Bodan single-shot breech rifles, a small number of Russian-made field guns, firepower has also made a qualitative leap, he also has to do a desperate fight, to survive Zuo Zongtang.
The battle broke out on a large scale again, and in order to deal with the food crisis, the sect leader simply sent most of the people out, let them break them into pieces, and launched an attack throughout the whole territory of Gansu and Ningxia, and went to Zuo Zongtang's rear to solve the problem of eating.
This trick is very ruthless, the sect leader is indeed a powerful character, originally according to the idea of normal people, Zuo Zongtang's army is attacking, and the more people who should be defended, the better, but the sect leader knows that he doesn't have much food anymore, and the more people there are, the faster he will collapse, so he simply comes to recruit the wicked to break his wrist!
What's more, the northwest is vast and sparsely populated, and the Qing army can't stop them at all, so Zuo Zongtang must transfer troops from the front line and go to the rear to suppress bandits, so as to win time for the sect leader, as long as it takes a few months, the wheat will be ripe again, and he will have another chance.
So does this tactic work? It really caused a lot of trouble to Zuo Zongtang, not only slowing down the speed of his attack, but more importantly, it attracted political criticism, in the face of urgent documents all over the world, the imperial court has always expressed great doubts about Zuo Zongtang's various statements, in the crystal city, there are rumors everywhere that he has been completely defeated, so that the call to replace him is getting louder and louder.
It is necessary to deal with both the cunning enemy and the reproach of the imperial court, if this is an ordinary person, he would have been in a mess a long time ago, and even if he did not collapse directly, he was likely to be severely depressed.
It's a pity that the sect leader is facing Zuo Zongtang, he is not an ordinary person, he quickly figured out how to deal with these extremists who are running around.
It is still food, control the key food-rich areas, no matter how crazy the extremists are, they will not be able to live by eating soil.
The sect leader's trick was thwarted again, but he didn't care, because he also needed to reduce these eating mouths, and only by sending these people to death could the rest of the people survive, which was originally part of his plan.
It took only a few months for the enemy in the rear to be cleared, and the time for a decisive battle finally came, but the battle was still not easy to fight. Because the rest of the extremists are all people who have been completely brainwashed by the sect leader, and they have long since denied their relatives, and they are all crazy to the extreme.
In the face of the attack of the Qing army, these people resolutely fought to the end, once the fortress was breached, or surrounded by the Qing army, they would never surrender, but kill all the family members, and then the rest of the people would collectively launch a suicidal charge.
Think about it, who did this kind of thing later? It was the evil Japanese militarists. So you can imagine how difficult this battle is. Almost every battle in the Northwest is a replica of the Battle of Iwo Jima.
The battle of attacking Jinji Fort, a more accurate analogy, is a bit like the battle of conquering Berlin, where there is a battle for street by street, and here is a fierce battle of fortress by fortress, attacking Jinji Fort from all directions, you need to cross dozens of fortresses, and there is no shortcut.
In the face of such a crazy enemy, the battle was unusually long and cruel, although the Qing army had Krupp artillery, which could break down the opponent's wall and destroy the houses in the wall, but then into the street battle, it still required soldiers to search door to door, and a large number of extremists, from time to time, would rush out of the broken cracks and debris, hand-to-hand combat was almost commonplace.
Not only that, the extremists would climb down from the city wall almost every night to launch counter-raids on the positions of the Qing army, and they were now also equipped with a large number of foreign guns, and many gunmen would also ambush in the ravines and grass, and from two or three hundred meters away, they would carry out cold sniper attacks on the Qing army, specializing in hitting the officers of the Qing army, causing the Qing army to suffer heavy losses.
This kind of tactic is very close to modern warfare, and both sides have paid a heavy price in order to adapt to the changes in this kind of warfare. Jian Jinglin, the commander-in-chief of the Hunan army, was killed on the spot by extremist snipers across the lake because he was too conspicuous on his horse. Just a year ago, this was almost a fantasy.
Time soon entered June, the two sides began to compete for the wheat harvest, launched a fierce battle, because the Qing army's food ** is also very difficult, so this time no one set fire to the grain, both sides are desperately to cut crops, to prevent the other party from harvesting crops, and finally Liu Jintang led the Hunan army to gain the upper hand, Jinjibao's summer wheat, almost all fell into his pocket.
Zuo Zongtang's recital to the court became longer and longer, because the battles were becoming more and more fragmented and intensive, and behind the increasing number of enemy kills, the list of Qing soldiers killed was also getting longer and longer.
The sect leader's life was very sad, Zuo Zongtang's position was also crumbling, and both sides were gritting their teeth ......
The last large-scale battle, broke out under the city of Gulingzhou, Lei Zhengjuan, Huang Ding and Xu Wenxiu led the middle route army, facing tens of thousands of well-equipped rebels, this battle was extremely fierce, the opponent's cavalry repeatedly assaulted, the infantry charged to death, under the cover of foreign guns and artillery, several times rushed into the Qing army position, launched an extremely fierce white-knuckle battle, even the main general Lei Zhenghuan personally waved his knife into battle, Huang Ding's battalion officers, there are also many people by the other party's foreign **.
In the end, it all relied on Xu Wenxiu's troops, using the Krupp cannon to fiercely **, and finally defeated the enemy army. The rebels were finally annihilated, only more than ten cavalry fled, and after paying a major **, the middle route army of the Qing army finally succeeded in attacking the city of Jinjibao and joined Liu Jintang.
Jinji Fort was finally surrounded, the northwest land, at this time it was already the autumn wind, the grain planted in the spring, the sect leader did not receive a single one, and it was all snatched away by the Qing army, Jinji Fort has no chance at all, so is the sect leader willing to put down the butcher knife?
No, he still has illusions, on the one hand, he continues to play tricks of deception, and on the other hand, he is waiting for a miracle in the sky, so what miracle is he waiting for?
Before answering this question, it is necessary to talk about what kind of far-reaching impact this great rebellion of Muslim extremist forces planned by the sect leader has had on China.
We know that after the Opium War, two large-scale civil wars broke out in China, one was the Taiping Rebellion, and the other was the Great Rebellion of the Muslim extremist forces in the northwest.
The Taiping Rebellion cost China nearly 100 million people, and the Muslim extremist rebellion led to 30 million people.
Although both wars were extremely bloody and were a great tragedy in China's modern history, the impact of the two wars on China was completely different.
If we put aside those unforgettable figures and talk about the impact of these two wars on China later, we have to admit that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement reshaped China to a certain extent and brought opportunities to China, which has a certain progressive significance.
The Great Rebellion of the Muslims in the Northwest is a pure ** movement, meaningless internal friction, which dragged down the Qing Dynasty and plunged the Chinese nation into the abyss of pain and humiliation for nearly a hundred years, why do we come to such a conclusion?
Everything still has to start with the first Opium War, objectively speaking, for the Qing Dynasty people at that time, this was just an enhanced version of the harassment of the Woko, it was not enough to wake up, the Chinese who were still sleeping, let them still dream of ** Shangguo.
But the subsequent outbreak of the Taiping Rebellion exposed the decay and decline of the Qing Dynasty, and the subsequent outbreak of the Second Opium War shocked China's elite class and made them deeply aware that the world was completely different.
Therefore, from 1860 onwards, the enlightened faction, represented by Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang and Prince Gong, had realized that following the old ways was a dead end, and they had to learn from foreigners selectively.
And the first to enter China were foreign guns and cannons, as well as foreign mercenaries. The desperate Qing Dynasty defeated the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom by opening the plug-in and escaped death, which made them more determined to learn from foreigners.
If the Great Muslim Rebellion had not broken out in 1862 and Xinjiang had not fallen in 1864, Jiangnan would have been rebuilt around 1863, and after 1866, China would have entered a period of peace.
So which path will the Qing Dynasty take? Obviously, China will definitely complete the modernization reform before Japan, why do we say that?
The reason is very simple, in the mid-sixties of the nineteenth century, China's reform forces were unprecedentedly strong, when Cixi was in the prime of life, bent on creating a peaceful and prosperous era for her own son, very enlightened and pragmatic, Prince Gong, Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo Zongtang, the four giants of the Westernization faction were all in power, and almost all the provinces were in charge, either Hunan or Huai, they all had a strong will to reform.
In addition, the civil war had just been experienced, the sense of crisis in the imperial court was also very strong, and the conservatives, who were mainly nerds, were on the sidelines at that time, so the political atmosphere was very favorable to reform.
Moreover, the issue that conservatives were most concerned about at that time was the success of the reduction of the feudal domain, that is, the question of whether Zeng Lizuo and others were willing to give up their military power in exchange for political status. At that time, as long as we did not support the army and respect ourselves, and whether we carried out reform or not, no one cared about it at all.
Therefore, you see that during this period, Prince Gong set up the Tongwenguan, translated foreigners' books, and found foreigners to be ambassadors, Zeng Guofan sent Rong Hong to the United States to buy machines and establish the Anqing Manufacturing Bureau, Zuo Zongtang set up the Fujian Shipbuilding School, Mawei Shipyard, Li Hongzhang ran the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, and the Westernists engaged in the ** Navy, that is, the Aspen fleet that was later deceived, almost did not encounter much resistance, because the main political contradiction at that time was not here.
So this is very similar to the situation after the end of the Southwest War in Japan, where the reformers can show their strength. And at that time, China's international opportunities were very good, first of all, all countries at that time were engaged in the gold standard, coupled with the vigorous American gold rush, so that the first time again, so that the export of Chinese products settled by the first has increased sharply.
In addition, Britain had not completely dealt with India at that time, and was fighting to the death with Tsarist Russia in Central Asia, France and Prussia were full of contradictions, and they had no intention of taking care of Vietnam, Japan was not capable of making trouble in Korea, and the United States had relatively friendly relations with China, so it was a golden opportunity for development.
Therefore, if there is no Ma Hualong in China, there are no Muslim extremist forces, even if there is a twisted army to make trouble, then there is no need to worry, what will happen to China?
Then Zuo Zongtang will not go to the northwest, he is afraid that he will have more than one shipyard and a shipbuilding school in Fujian, after all, this only took him a year, if he has more time, how many enterprises will he estably, how many modern schools?
Hey, delete 5000 words here, I can't send it.
After Jinjibao was besieged, the sect leader was reluctant to surrender, so the Qing army built several trenches along Jinjibao and surrounded it to death.
However, the walls of Jinjibao are thick and high, and they are made of rammed earth, although the Krupp cannon is powerful, but the caliber of 75 millimeters can not collapse it, so the Qing army built a fort and began to bombard the city day and night, sending more than 700 shells every month, which was an astonishing number at that time.
Almost all the houses in the city were destroyed, and even the sect leader was cut in the ear by shrapnel, but he still didn't surrender, so what the hell was he waiting for?
One is waiting for Zuo Zongtang to be replaced, and the other is waiting for Britain to send troops, what is going on?
It turned out that Du Wenxiu, the leader of the extremist forces in Yunnan, was also in a desperate situation at this time, and Dali, the capital of the puppet sultanate, was also besieged by the Qing army.
What kind of plan is this?According to a document collected by the famous historian Mr. Bai Shouyi, in order to redeem the final defeat, the extremist religious elements decided to seek glory.
The content of this document is to the effect that the Muslim rebel leaders in the northwest and I have reached an agreement that Du Wenxiu should follow Wu Sangui's example and ask Britain and France to send troops to carve up China, and that the Muslim rebels throughout the country will cooperate.
Once the Anglo-French army landed, the Muslims rebelled in the northwest, and the troops were divided into two routes, one way through Mongolia, directly attacking Crystal City, and the other way to occupy Shaanxi, out of Tongguan, into the Central Plains, and then lurking in Shandong, Henan, Crystal City and other places Muslims, as an internal response, launched a ......rebellion together
What a sinister intention!In fact, many religious extremists today are still doing the same thing.
Considering the traffic conditions at that time, this conspiracy activity should have taken place before the Battle of Jinjibao and after the Battle of Dong Zhiyuan. Why do you have to show Du Wenxiu?That's because, at that time, Britain set up a political and economic liaison office in the Islamic State of Dali, Yunnan.
According to the Frenchman An Ye's book "Exploration of Indochina", Dali was filled with a strong smell of fundamentalism, and the British set up political and economic liaison offices here, and some new maps of Europe had printed Yunnan as a separate country.
Du Wenxiu agreed to Liu Daoheng's suggestion, so he communicated with the British, and received a positive response from the British in Burma**, and then Du Wenxiu sent a delegation to visit the UK, including Liu Daoheng.
The British received the mission, and they arranged for it to pass through Burma, escort it all the way to Calcutta, India, and then take a ship to London, England, to introduce the plan to the Empress and her, and to win their support for it.
However, after repeated considerations, the British believed that they would gain greater benefits by befriending the Qing Dynasty, so they refused to openly support the Muslim rebellion.
And the sect leader couldn't last that day, he fell into Zuo Zongtang's plan and consumed all the food, and in the northwest war, food was everything, so after being besieged for nearly half a year, the oranges, grass roots, miscellaneous cowhides and dead corpses were all eaten, and he couldn't survive it at all, so he had to surrender.
On November 16, 1870, the culprit who provoked the bloodiest rebellion of extremist forces in modern Chinese history, the Protestant leader Ma Hualong, finally knelt in front of Liu Jintang.
On the way home is the New Year