As we all know, AmericanChipsrestrictions on ChinaChipsThe industry has had a serious impact. In particulargpu(graphics processors) field, in addition to restricting the use of high performance in ChinagpuChips, and also banned many desktopsGraphics cardof imports. The U.S. ban leaves China facing the prospect of not being able to gain advanced accessgpuThe dilemma of computing power, but at the same time, it also gave birth to domestic productiongpudevelopment. Faced with such a situation, some people can't help but have questions, domesticgpuCan it be replacednvidiawithamdWhat about these two giants? This article will analyze domestic production from multiple perspectivesgpuChipsDevelopment status and prospects.
In recent years, the United States has been interested inChinese chipsThe restrictions in the industry are becoming more and more stringent. Since 2022, the United States has banned high-performance including A100 and H100gpuChipsof imports. Then, in 2023, A800, H800, L40, L40S, etc., were further bannedHigh-performance computinggpuChipseven the desktopGraphics cardRTX4090 is also banned. These moves by the United States are aimed at preventing China from doing soArtificial intelligenceBeyond the United States, restricting China's access to advancementgpuComputing power.
AmericanChipsRestriction policy pairsChinese chipsThe impact of the industry cannot be ignored. In the face of U.S. restrictions, China began to accelerate its independent research and developmentgpuChipspace. China hopes to reduce imports through independent research and developmentChipsof dependence, improve nativeChipsmarket share. Therefore, the Chinese oneChipsManufacturers have invested a lot of resources in research and development, trying to begpuEmerging in the market.
Currently, the Global Rendering classgpuThe market is mainly dominated by Intel,amdwithnvidiaThese three major manufacturers monopolize and make domestic productsgpuThe share of the global market is less than 2%. Despite the lower share, it is domesticgpuperformance is no longer lagging behindnvidiawithamd。For example,InnosiliconTechnologyLaunched high-performance 4K classGraphics cardFenghua No. 1Using 12nm process, the performance is slightly betternvidiagtx980Graphics card。At the same time,Moore ThreadsBuilt for gamersDiscrete graphics cardmtts80, capable of providing up to 14The single-precision floating-point computing power of 4TFLOPS is also competitive. In addition,Jing Jiaweiand other companies have also launched some domestic rendering classesGraphics card, in terms of games, it can compete with mainstream manufacturers.
InnosiliconTechnologyLaunched the domestic high-performance 4K-class graphics card"Fenghua No. 1"It has attracted widespread attention. TheGraphics cardUsing 12nm process, the performance is slightly betternvidiagtx980Graphics card。In terms of game rendering and graphics display, it is able to provide higher quality image effects and also meet consumer demand for a high-performance gaming experience. Although the market share is low, but"Fenghua No. 1"It represents domestic productiongpuAn important breakthrough in the rendering market.
Moore ThreadsIt is one of ChinaChipsManufacturing company, launched for gamersDiscrete graphics cardmtts80。ThisGraphics cardCan provide up to 14The single-precision floating-point computing power of 4TFLOPS has powerful computing power and excellent performance in game acceleration. Although the market share is low, butmtts80The performance has been able to work withnvidiaThe products are competitive and domesticgpuWon a certain reputation.
ExceptInnosiliconTechnologywithMoore ThreadsThere are also some companies in China that have launched their own domestic rendering classesGraphics card。For example,Jing Jiaweihas launched a series of products, although the ecological aspect is slightly insufficient, but in terms of games, it can still be comparable to the products of mainstream manufacturers. These companies are domestically producedgpuThe development of the field, although relatively short, for:Chinese chipsThe development of the industry has injected new vitality.
InAI accelerator cardon the market,nvidiaWith its strong technical strength and perfectEcosystem, accounting for more than 97% of the market share. amdIt ranks second, with a 2% market share, while the rest of the manufacturers combined for less than 1%. ThisMarket competitionMostly relies on performance, egnvidiaThe H100 has become a top-of-the-line product on the market that cannot compete with it.
Although there are also some domestic companies that have launched domestic productionAI accelerator card, for example:Huaweiof Ascend AIChipsand the Ascend 910b, etc., these AIsChipsIn some features it can be used withnvidiaThe A100 is comparable. However, to be with:nvidiaThere is still a certain gap between the H100 benchmark. In addition, and more importantly,nvidiaPossess a powerful onecudaEcosystem, on which many AI training and inference depend:cuda。And domesticgpuNot compatiblecuda, which means that it needs to be redevelopedEcosystem, based on the previous onecudaThe trained model is readjusted, adding a lot of trouble.
DomesticgpuIn terms of AI ecology, it faces a major disadvantage. nvidiaPossess a powerful oneEcosystem, including a variety of interfaces and models, while domesticgpuNot availablenvidiaofcudaecology, need to rebuild their ownEcosystem。This will lead to the previous based oncudaThe training and inference work that is carried out needs to be completely overturned, which is time-consuming and resource-intensive. Therefore, in the field of AI, domesticgpuAlthough there have been breakthroughs in performance, there is still a long development path in the ecology, which cannot be replaced in a short period of timenvidiaand other giants.
Despite the domesticgpuGradually catching up in performance, but compared to international giants, they are inEcosystemThe construction is facing a big challenge. nvidiawithamdhas built a strong oneEcosystem, including interfaces, models, etc., and domesticgpuNone of these are compatibleEcosystem。As a result, it will take longer and resources to replace the international giants to establish their own integrityEcosystem
Despite the domesticgpuIn the high-end market andAI accelerator cardThere are certain challenges in the market, but China has to speed up R&D and domestic productionChipspace. The United States, rightChinese chipsThe impact of the restrictions has made China aware of the importance of independent research and development. Once domestically producedgpuBeing able to substitute for entering the high-end market, representsChinese chipsindependent and strong, thennvidiaamdand other international giants will permanently lose the Chinese market.
Although domesticgpuThere are still many challenges in the development process, but if successful, it will change the market landscape forever. Alternative to international giants will be given to ChinaChipsThe industry brings tremendous opportunities and benefits. In the long term, domesticgpuThe development of China will be more perfectChipsindustrial chain andEcosystem, to raise the country'sChipsAutonomous and controllable ability.
To sum up, it is currently domesticgpuIn the high-end market andAI accelerator cardThere is no complete replacement on the marketnvidiawithamdand other international giants. In terms of performance andEcosystemThere are still gaps. However, by the United StatesChinese chipsChina has to speed up independent research and development of domestic productiongpupace. Although there will be some challenges on the road to development, butChinese chipsThe industry will surely move towards independence and strength, and eventually achieve domestic productiongpusubstitution. Once the substitution is successful, it will completely change the market landscape.