Data**: China Meteorological Administration.
The vastness of space, the stars. Among the many artificial satellites in China's orbit around the earth, Fengyun meteorological satellites are known as "the satellites closest to the people's lives", they are 24 hours a day "lookout", always observing the global wind and cloud weather, day and night forecasting the daily cloudy and sunny weather and warm and cold.
After years of development, Fengyun meteorological satellites have been widely used in many fields such as weather forecasting, climate forecasting, natural disaster and environmental monitoring, scientific research, as well as meteorology, oceanography, agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, transportation, aviation and aerospace, and have made important contributions to disaster prevention and mitigation, climate change response, and sustainable economic and social development.
From "taking pictures" of the atmosphere to "doing CT" for the atmosphere, Fengyun meteorological satellites have achieved a leap from international follow-up to parallel running and then to partial leadership, which has significantly improved China's meteorological monitoring, forecasting and early warning capabilities. Serving the construction of the "Belt and Road" and demonstrating China's international responsibility, Fengyun Meteorological Satellite is contributing China's wisdom to serve global disaster prevention and mitigation.
Multi-satellite on-orbit and networked observation.
The main force in the Global Earth Observation Network.
In July 2023, after Typhoon No. 5 "Doksuri" formed over the northwest Pacific Ocean, the Fengyun meteorological satellite monitored the whole life history of the typhoon, providing strong support for the decision-making service of the "Doksuri" typhoon and heavy rainfall, as well as the accurate monitoring of the extremely heavy rainfall weather process brought by "Doksuri".
Fengyun meteorological satellite is a series of meteorological remote sensing satellites independently developed by China. In 1988, China's first meteorological satellite was successfully launched. Up to now, China has successfully launched a total of 21 Fengyun meteorological satellites of two generations and four types, and 9 of them are currently in orbit, providing information and products for 129 countries and regions. At present, China has become the only country in the world that operates four low-earth orbit meteorological satellites at dawn, morning, afternoon and inclination at the same time. Through "multi-satellite in-orbit and networked observation", Fengyun meteorological satellites can provide three-dimensional, quantitative, global, all-weather, all-weather, hyperspectral, and high-efficiency precision monitoring data.
Typhoon, none of which have slipped through the net;Heavy rain, 3D "CT" scan;El Niño, ...... of accumulating datasets of climate variablesFengyun meteorological satellite has superior performance, precise monitoring of various weather and climate events, and has achieved remarkable results in serving and guaranteeing the construction of the "Belt and Road", and has become the main force in the global earth observation network.
Meteorological satellite monitoring plays an important role in short-term nowcasting. Li Jun, chief scientist of the National Satellite Meteorological Center, said that taking severe convective weather as an example, its life history is short and has obvious suddenness, and it is difficult to monitor and forecast. Meteorological satellites have a wide observation range and few interference factors, which can accurately capture the traces of severe convection and help monitor and forecast severe convective activities.
Nils Borman, chief scientist at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, said that in recent years, data obtained from instruments and equipment carried by Fengyun meteorological satellites are playing an increasingly important role in the assimilation of numerical weather prediction model data at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Predictions.
Combining satellite observations with surface observations can provide better monitoring of meteorological disasters and their impact on agriculture. Fang Shibo, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, said.
In the past few years, remote sensing has been used to monitor extreme drought events in Central Asia, while helping to study drought mechanisms and climate change and its impacts, identifying affected areas, and then helping these areas to reduce adverse impacts and enhance climate resilience. FAO Representative in Uzbekistan Sanjarbek Muratov said.
Serving users around the world.
There are 34 countries serving emergency support.
On November 13 last year, the international version of "Wind and Cloud Earth" was officially released. This is a comprehensive application platform for satellite remote sensing developed by the China Meteorological Administration on the basis of the "Fengyun Earth" platform based on the Fengyun meteorological satellite and satellite remote sensing technology.
According to reports, the international version of "Wind and Cloud Earth" has superior performance. On the one hand, it can obtain multi-source data such as meteorological satellites and numerical forecasts with high timeliness, and quickly produce quantitative products. While obtaining massive data, with the help of advanced artificial intelligence technology, the data is automatically analyzed, mined, and modeled, and severe weather and extreme climate events are intelligently identified. On the other hand, it provides more than 100 quantitative and multi-scale products in five categories, including cloud maps, elements, disaster events, climate, model verification, etc., to support different business scenariosAccording to different countries and regions, configure the key meteorological elements, observation areas, time ranges, etc., to meet the personalized needs of users.
Shortly after the official release of the international version of "Stormy Earth", it received an order to provide event support services for the 17th Pacific Games held in the Solomon Islands. At the invitation of the Solomon Islands Meteorological Bureau, while selecting experts to go to the local area, the China Meteorological Administration launched the Fengyun-4b satellite with the Solomon Islands as the center of the fast sweep observation mode, and used the international version of "Fengyun Earth" to provide dozens of satellite products, providing important support for the smooth holding of the Games.
In order to serve international users, in April 2018, the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) established an emergency support mechanism for disaster prevention and mitigation for international users of Fengyun meteorological satellites. In 2023, the total number of countries registered for the emergency guarantee mechanism will reach 34.
Since 2023, Fengyun meteorological satellites have responded to 28 requests for international emergency support services. Observe tropical cyclones "Lola" and "Mucha", and provide meteorological support services for the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Bangladesh, etc.;Helping to monitor the dense number of fires from the northern coastal region of Algeria to the northwestern part of Tunisia has helped to prevent and control fires in the local area......
Continue to expand the "circle of friends".
Build an international satellite application exchange platform.
Fengyun meteorological satellites help our weather forecasters at the National Hydrometeorological Service track cyclones and issue timely storm warnings. Said Sholie Smagulova, short-term weather forecaster of the Hydrometeorological Service of Kazakhstan.
Since 2014, the satellite broadcasting system of the China Meteorological Administration has been widely used in the meteorological department of Kazakhstan. From forest fires to smog, the monitoring data and products provided by Fengyun meteorological satellites have played an important role in local emergency rescue and disaster response. "The China Meteorological Administration has trained our experts in the use of the latest products of Fengyun Meteorological Satellite, which has greatly enhanced Kazakhstan's disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities. Said Sholie Smagulova.
According to the statistics of the China Meteorological Administration, in the past five years, more than 1,000 international users have participated in the training of Fengyun meteorological satellites, and more than 50 remote sensing application software support and international consultations have been carried out for more than 20 countries and regions around the world.
In the future, Fengyun Meteorological Satellite will continue to expand the international "circle of friends" and contribute China's wisdom to global disaster prevention and mitigation.
According to reports, the National Satellite Meteorological Center will deepen the international research on the application of Fengyun meteorological satellites, actively participate in the exchange activities of international organizations such as the World Meteorological Organization, the International Meteorological Satellite Coordination Organization, and the Earth Observation Organization, and strengthen international cooperation with other meteorological satellite operators. Build an international satellite application exchange platform based on Fengyun meteorological satellites, and use platforms such as the Fengyun Meteorological Satellite International User Conference, multilateral mechanisms and bilateral mechanisms to promote the application of Fengyun meteorological satellites abroad.
In the future, we will work with our international counterparts to better promote the scientific and technological innovation of Fengyun meteorological satellites, better serve global disaster prevention and mitigation, jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind, and contribute to the sustainable development of human society." Wang Jinsong, director of the National Satellite Meteorological Center, said.
*: People**).