After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he came to Henan to inspect water conservancy work. During the visit, ** recognized the accompanying Henan cadres at a glance, and immediately asked: "We have been separated for 20 years, what about you after you came out of Jinggang Mountain?"
You're still as energetic as you were in Jinggangshan! As early as November 25, 1928, he was mentioned in the report to the CCP "The Struggle in Jinggangshan": "...126 people from Yan Zhongru's department stationed in Guidong joined the army and were organized into a special service battalion, with Bi Zhanyun as the battalion commander. ”
This is a 20-year regret in my heart, a legendary figure named Bi Zhanyun, who once led the troops to revolt under the influence of **, was falsely accused by the enemy and placed under house arrest, and has since lost contact with the outside world.
What kind of person is he, what has he experienced, and what is his ultimate fate? Let's uncover this dusty history together.
Battalion Commander Bi Zhanyun made a decision in the unit, he let the two company commanders go, and told the division commander Yan Zhongru that he did not know. In the face of Yan Zhongru's accusation, Bi Zhanyun did not evade, but chose to stand up and take responsibility for his decision.
He believed that officers above the company commander were appointed by the regiment commander, and the regiment commander himself could only be blamed, so he thought that they should go to the army commander to evaluate the reasoning. Although the regiment commander was worried about being held accountable, they still chose to speak in unison, blaming the incident on the company commander absconding in fear of crime.
Although the matter was eventually resolved, Yan Zhongru was still wary of Bi Zhanyun and changed the second battalion to a company, and Bi Zhanyun was also demoted from battalion commander to company commander.
In August 1928, the Red Army and Bi Zhanyun's 8th Regiment fought near Guidongzhai. Bi Zhanyun's troops were only more than 100 meters away from the Red Army, but he did not give the order to block the attack, so that the Red Army could retreat safely.
At the beginning of September, ** led the main force of the Red Army from Xiangxi to Jinggangshan. On the way, the Red Army captured all the enemy squads that had looted people's property. After interrogation, it was discovered that these small groups of enemies were Bi Zhanyun's subordinates, who were stationed near Sha Tin in Guidong, waiting to attack the Red Army.
But due to the lack of supplies, they went around looting their belongings to make ends meet. ** He thought that these prisoners should be released, and wrote a letter to Bi Zhanyun, pointing out the exclusion and discrimination of the Kuomintang's miscellaneous army, hoping that he would abandon the darkness and join the Red Army.
However, when Bi Zhanyun was again ordered to "encircle and suppress" the Red Army in late October, he was defeated by the Red Army. At this time, he realized that if he continued to serve as cannon fodder, there would be no way out, so he came up with the idea of defecting to the Red Army.
Bi Zhanyun sent adjutant to contact the Red Army, and it was ** who happened to receive them. They were warmly received and consulted with them about the uprising. However, during the preparation of the uprising, an officer of Bi Zhanyun's division discovered this plan and reported it to the division headquarters.
In order to ensure the success of the uprising, Bi Zhanyun decided to revolt immediately.
Bi Zhanyun urgently gathered the team and announced to everyone: "We want to revolt and join the Red Army." If you don't want to join, you can leave now. "Everyone expressed their willingness to join the ranks, and there was not a single one who did not want to join the uprising.
Bi Zhanyun took out a bundle of red ribbons brought by ** and issued one to everyone who participated in the uprising, tying it around their necks as a symbol of the rebels. As a result, in addition to Bi Zhanyun's first company, there were also personnel from one platoon of the second company, a total of 126 people.
On October 26, Bi Zhanyun led the team to Ciping, Jinggangshan. ** Greet in person: "Welcome, Comrade Bi Zhanyun!" Bi Zhanyun said with some guilt: "I'm really sorry, I've played against you for more than a year in the past ......."He patted Bi Zhanyun's shoulder with a smile and said, "Although we were enemies in the past, we are comrades now!" ”
** Bi Zhanyun's department was reorganized into the special service battalion of the Red Fourth Army, and Bi Zhanyun served as the battalion commander. In October of the same year, Bi Zhanyun joined the Communist Party under the introduction of **. He Changgong helped Bi Zhanyun transform his troops.
After the uprising of Bi Zhanyun's troops, there were still some problems, such as lax military discipline, gambling and fighting, and the most serious was that some people in the troops smoked big cigarettes.
Realizing the need to transform this insurrectionary force into a real workers' and peasants' Red Army, the Chairman and General decided to entrust this task to He Changgong. Prior to this, He Changgong had reformed the Lake Bandit Armed Forces and Wang Zuo's troops during the Dongting Lake District Peasant Army and the Autumn Harvest Uprising in Jinggangshan.
When he received the task of transforming Bi Zhanyun's department, he said that there were many difficulties. Because most of Bi Zhanyun's troops were born in hard-working families, they had changed because they had been in the Kuomintang army for a long time, and it was difficult to reform.
But the Chair insisted that it was an act of righteousness and could not be avoided. He reminded He Changgong that the rebel forces needed to be actively reformed, not simply locked up.
He Changgong also put forward his own proposal, but the chairman pointed out that this was no different from the Kuomintang army. He emphasized that persuasion and persuasion are two different methods and prospects.
We are the troops who have come from the uprising, and we will also be reborn in Sanwan, a place that has laid the foundation for a new type of people's army! ”
With the care of the first and the efforts of He Changgong, Bi Zhanyun's department finally successfully transformed and actively participated in the battle to defend the Soviet area. On the Long March, Bi Zhanyun always maintained his enthusiasm for learning, although he lived by begging, he carried literacy textbooks with him, and he would take them out to study between battles, and make a mark when he encountered something he didn't understand, and wait until the battle was over to ask cultural instructors or comrades-in-arms for advice.
Bi Zhanyun followed the Red Fourth Army into southern Jiangxi, entered western Fujian three times, and participated in the opening up of the first revolutionary base area and many anti-"encirclement and suppression" struggles. He died in the rain of bullets and bullets, and gradually became an excellent commander of the Red Army, serving as the commander of the second column of the Red Fourth Army and the chief of staff of the first division.
In January 1931, after the end of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Wang Ming replaced Li Lisan as the main person in charge. In the case of the absolute superiority of the enemy's military strength, Wang Ming advocated positional warfare, which also led to the failure of our army's fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, and the Red Army was forced to carry out the Long March.
In October 1934, the main forces of the Red Army left the Soviet zone and began the 25,000-mile Long March. According to the deployment of *** and the Military Commission, Bi Zhanyun led the troops to cover the transfer of *** organs and the main force of the Red Army, and he retreated while fighting, and successfully completed the task assigned to him by his superiors.
In the process of retreating, Bi Zhanyun promoted the Red Army to the masses along the way, and successfully mobilized them to send their relatives to participate. His ranks were constantly expanding, and by the time they caught up with the ** Military Commission, they had grown from less than a hundred men to two regiments.
After Bi Zhanyun handed over the recruits of the two regiments to the main forces of the Red Army, he was sent to the Red Eighth Army as chief of staff. After the troops arrived in the Guizhou area, they were reorganized, the Red Eighth Army was downsized and supplemented to the Red Fifth Army Corps, and Bi Zhanyun was transferred to the Military Commission as the chief of the engineering section.
After the meeting of the Red 1st and 4th Fronts, the troops entered the meadow. On the way into the grasslands, the frequent reconnaissance and strafing of enemy planes in the sky, the encirclement and interception of the Kuomintang troops underground, and the sneak attacks of local reactionary forces caused the troops to be seriously reduced and the situation extremely difficult.
In order to preserve the strength of the Red Army, the higher authorities decided to act separately in order to reduce the targets and **. As soon as he entered the Tibetan area, Bi Zhanyun's team was attacked by the enemy, and the troops were scattered by the enemy, and Bi Zhanyun was forced to hide in a Tibetan house alone.
Because he did not understand the language with the Tibetans, he could only communicate through gestures, and it took a lot of effort to make the Tibetan compatriots understand what he meant. In order to avoid the enemy's search, Bi Zhanyun hid in the woods of the snow-capped mountains during the day wearing a white sheepskin given by his Tibetan compatriots, and only returned to his Tibetan home to sleep at night.
In order to find the Red Army as soon as possible, Bi Zhanyun disguised himself as a Tibetan and a lama and went to the bank of the Yellow River under the escort of Tibetan compatriots. When he was searched by the Kuomintang army, he pretended to be dumb and skillfully evaded the checkpoint.
On the way, as he walked, he asked the people on the side of the road for directions and inquired about the Red Army troops. He also picked up discarded Kuomintang newspapers, leaflets, and other propaganda materials, and searched for the whereabouts and whereabouts of the Red Army.
Bi Zhanyun was in the white terror of Lanzhou, and he had no money to go to Xi'an by begging, but the situation was even worse, and he continued to wander to northern Shaanxi. In Luochuan, he finally learned about the Red Army.
Relying on perseverance and perseverance, Bi Zhanyun overcame many difficulties, begged from Tibet to northern Shaanxi, and finally returned to the ranks of the Red Army. **When inspecting Henan, I saw a familiar cadre and sighed: "Where have you been in the past 20 years?" ”
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Bi Zhanyun was transferred to the Eastern Hebei Military Region, and later served as the deputy commander of the Eastern Hebei Military Region. In 1948, he was transferred to the Henan-Anhui Soviet Military Region as the deputy commander, and in the Western Anhui Campaign, he assisted in commanding the troops, cooperated with the East China Field Army to recover Xuchang, and annihilated the 21st Independent Brigade of the Kuomintang Army.
In the battles of Kaifeng and Qisui, he was responsible for the task of sending reinforcements, assisting Zhang Guohua to lead the soldiers to block the Kuomintang 18th Army that rushed to Kaifeng.
Huaye and Zhongye were about to launch the Huaihai Campaign at the end of October, and the Henan-Anhui Soviet Sub-Bureau followed the instructions of the Central Plains Bureau and set up a front headquarters, with Bi Zhanyun as the commander.
The headquarters was responsible for mobilizing manpower, material, and financial resources from the Henan-Anhui Soviet border region to fully support the Huaihai Campaign. Bi Zhanyun has put a lot of energy into the pre-support work, whether it is the collection of military rations or the transportation of materials, he is meticulous.
On November 16, after the start of the Huaihai Campaign, as the war at the front intensified and the number of wounded increased, the amount of food, grass and stretchers required by the troops also increased.
At this time, it was close to winter, the road was far away, most of the cattle and donkeys and other animals pulling the cart died on the road, and the losses were gradually increasing. In addition, due to the excessive physical exertion of migrant workers, the long distance of transporting the wounded, and the insufficient number of cadres in the new liberated areas, Bi Zhanyun convened a meeting on the work of supporting the front.
At the meeting, Bi Zhanyun listened to the opinions and suggestions of the participants and determined the solution to the problem. Among the more than 5 million former migrant workers on the entire Huaihai battlefield, there are more than 1 million in the Henan-Anhui Soviet Military Region.
In order to solve the problem of the increasingly large number of transport troops, Bi Zhanyun formed a stretcher regiment of stretchers from various counties, with county-level party and government cadres concurrently serving as regiment commanders or political commissars, and battalions, companies, platoons, and squad organizations under them.
In addition, Bi Zhanyun also established a set of management systems similar to the political work and life of the troops in the stretcher regiment, which not only ensured the smooth completion of the tasks of supporting the front, but also ensured the personal safety of the migrant workers.
As a result of their excellent work, the relationship between the migrant workers and the troops grew deeper. Some migrant workers even went to the front line to rescue the wounded, while others helped the troops transport explosives.
The Huaihai Campaign has entered the second stage, and the material consumption is huge, and the challenges facing Bi Zhanyun are getting bigger and bigger. At the emergency meeting, he said: "The difficulty of the work in front of us is increasing, but our work standards cannot be lowered, no matter how difficult the front is, we must ensure the quality and quantity of the task!" ”
On December 1, our army occupied Xuzhou. The General Front Committee of the Huaihai Campaign demanded that the Henan-Anhui Soviet Military Region repair the middle section of the Longhai Railway and the corresponding highway damaged by the enemy before January 15, 1949, so as to ensure that materials from the rear areas of North China, East China, and Western Henan could be smoothly transported to the front line.
Time is tight and the task is heavy, Bi Zhanyun immediately issued a dead order after accepting the task: "We must complete the task on time!" Then, he adjusted the deployment of manpower and materials, and commanded the engineering team to work in turns 24 hours a day, not only to pay attention to the progress, but also to pay attention to the quality.
In the end, the Longhai Railway was repaired and opened to traffic 25 days ahead of schedule, and the highway was repaired on time. On January 10, 1949, the Huaihai Battle ended successfully. In the campaign, the Henan-Anhui Soviet Military Region supported the front 1500 million kilograms of grain, 32.5 billion kilograms of firewood and grass, more than 300,000 stretchers, more than 1 million kilograms of meat and cooking oil, more than 500,000 kilograms of vegetables, and so on.
After the war, ** said with emotion: "The victory of the Huaihai Battle was pushed by the people with a small car!" In this regard, Bi Zhanyun and the staff of the front headquarters have a deeper understanding.
In March 1949, Bi Zhanyun was appointed deputy commander of the Henan Military Region. Twenty years later, ** met him again while inspecting the water conservancy situation in Henan. ** Very concerned about Bi Zhanyun's whereabouts, and expressed deep respect for his experience of begging all the way on the Long March.
In 1955, Bi Zhanyun served as the commander of the Henan Provincial Military Region, and was awarded the rank of lieutenant general when the PLA first conferred the title in the same year. In 1961, he served as the deputy commander of the Wuhan Military Region and the commander of the Henan Military Region, and under the instructions of the first party, he organized all parts of Henan to vigorously grasp the "three implementations" of the militia work.
In that year, the province's militia was trained as high as 16550,000 people, including 2 training backbones060,000 people.
In April 1965, Bi Zhanyun began to recuperate; On February 27, 1977, Bi Zhanyun passed away in Zhengzhou at the age of 73.