In October 1950, when the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea broke out, Mr. Peng was ordered to serve as the commander-in-chief of the Volunteer Army and lead the team to fight in North Korea.
During the Korean War, Mr. Peng was in urgent need of capable generals to assist him, and he repeatedly asked the ** Military Commission to transfer Chen Geng to North Korea to command the battle, but was rejected by the ** Military Commission.
So, why did the Military Commission refuse Chen Geng's entry into the DPRK? What did Chen Geng do on the Korean battlefield?
It all started with the Korean War. In June 1950, the Korean War broke out, and the Korean People's Army led by Kim Il Sung and Syngman Rhee's Korean ** team fought fiercely near the 38th parallel. In just a few days, Syngman Rhee's South Korean army was defeated by Kim Il Sung, and only some parts of the southern part of the Korean Peninsula remained under Syngman Rhee's control.
Syngman Rhee urgently asked for help from the United States, the backer behind him, and in order to protect the US forces in Asia, Truman decided to form a "joint force" to brazenly land on the Korean Peninsula and interfere in the internal affairs of the peninsula. Under the intervention of the U.S. military, Kim Il Sung retreated one after another, and after the U.S. military broke through the 38th parallel, the war also burned to the Yalu River.
In order to resist US aggression and aid Korea, protect the homeland and defend the country, ** decided to send troops to North Korea, who can be sent as the commander-in-chief of the Volunteer Army? **Originally**, as the No. 1 commander of the Northeast Field Army, ** is one of the few leaders of our army who can command the operation of a large corps, and he is also very familiar with the generals of the Northeast Field Army.
However, since he led the People's Liberation Army to cross the Yangtze River, he has been ill, and the gunshot wounds he suffered during the Anti-Japanese War in the early years have been reversed, and it is really difficult to take on the heavy responsibility. Similar to the situation, Su Yu, another senior commander and fighter of our army who commanded a large corps operation, has been lying on a hospital bed since the end of the Huaihai Campaign, and even asked for leave from *** to go to the Soviet Union to recuperate, and Su Yu could not command the volunteer army.
During the Anti-Japanese War, he personally commanded 100 regiments of the Eighth Route Army, launched a 100-regiment battle, annihilated tens of thousands of Japanese puppet troops, and achieved the greatest victory of the Eighth Route Army since the Anti-Japanese War.
In Yan'an, in the face of Hu Zongnan's surging attack, ** led more than 20,000 people in the weakest Northwest Field Army, and ate Hu Zongnan's 200,000 people in a daze. In the face of such a difficult moment, there is no better candidate than ***.
** also lived up to expectations, and immediately became the commander-in-chief of the Volunteer Army, leading the Volunteers to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea to cross the Yalu River to fight in North Korea. On October 25, under the command of Mr. Peng, the war was about to break out, and the Volunteer Army started the first battle of entering the DPRK.
Mr. Peng planned to divide the Volunteer Army into two lines of ** US Army, among them, the Eastern Front Volunteer Army was mainly the strength of one army, and they completed the blocking task together with the Korean People's Army, while the Western Front battlefield concentrated 5 armies and 1 division of the Volunteer Army, and the surprise soldiers gave the US Army a painful blow.
At first, MacArthur, commander-in-chief of the "United States," did not think that China would dare to send troops to confront the United States; in his view, New China had just been founded, and its foothold was not stable, so it would not send troops to war with the United States.
In addition, the top brass of the US military often dealt with Chiang Kai-shek and served as advisers in the Kuomintang army, believing that the Communist-led troops were only stronger than Chiang Kai-shek's army, and the US military had been baptized by World War II, and they did not look down on the Korean volunteers.
As soon as the US army faced the volunteers, it was forced to retreat by the powerful offensive of the volunteers, and the battle line retreated dozens of kilometers south from the Yalu River and gained a firm foothold south of the Qingchuan River.
In the first battle to resist US aggression and aid Korea, our army annihilated more than 15,000 enemies and won a complete victory. Subsequently, our army pursued the victory and launched a second campaign with the cooperation of the Korean People's Army.
On the battlefield of the Western Front, the elusive Volunteer Army launched many assaults on both sides of the Qingchuan River, dragging the United ** to the Qingchuan River area, while the three divisions of the Volunteer Army on the Eastern Front launched a general attack on Changjin Lake, giving the enemy a surprise blow.
Both wings of the United ** suffered a major blow, and were forced to strategically abandon Pyongyang, Wonsan and other strategic points, and retreat to the vicinity of the 38th parallel, and in the entire second campaign, the Volunteer Army annihilated more than 36,000 enemies.
Since then, the United ** did not admit defeat, and on the surface it was necessary to carry out armistice negotiations with the Volunteers, but in fact, through the means of peace talks, to gain respite and start the war for a better deployment of troops later.
In the face of the trickery of the joint ** led by the US army, the volunteers were not fooled, and took advantage of the high morale to concentrate the forces of the six armies and launch an attack on the US military positions, pushing back the US troops to the 37 ° north latitude, and the third battle ended in the victory of the volunteers.
However, although the Volunteer Army won successive battles and achieved a lot of victories, the shortcomings of the Volunteer Army were also exposed, that is, the logistics supply was too poor and the front-line troops were insufficient. This situation also made the Volunteer Army fall into passivity in the fourth campaign and paid a great price.
For this reason, ** has repeatedly applied to the ** Military Commission, hoping to replenish logistics and soldiers, but because the national strength of New China is too weak, in order to win the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, ** has exhausted the strength of the whole country. ** also understands it, but he still hopes that the ** Military Commission can send Chen Geng to the front line to serve as his helper.
In fact, as early as when the Volunteer Army crossed the Yalu River, ** wanted Chen Geng to go to North Korea with him, the two had a good relationship, they had worked together for a long time, and they knew each other, and Chen Geng was also one of the few tiger generals in our army who could command a large corps of soldiers.
Erye's Chen Geng's corps made repeated exploits in the liberation station war, and the Huang Baitao corps in Nian Zhuang and the Huang Wei corps in Shuangduiji were all eliminated under Chen Geng's command, and Mr. Peng also admired Chen Geng.
However, Chen Geng was far away in the southwest at that time. Chen Geng had just defeated Hu Zongnan, and soon after the liberation of the entire southwest, China's neighbor Vietnam launched a war of independence, and at the invitation of Ho Chi Minh, the general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam, Chen Geng went to Vietnam to help the Communist Party of Vietnam fight against the French colonialists.
In December 1950, Chen Geng's mission in Vietnam ended, returned to Beijing, **learned that Chen Geng was back, and asked for instructions again**, asking Chen Geng to go to the Korean battlefield to help himself, the chief of staff of the Volunteer Army Xie Fang also conveyed the request when he returned to China to report his work, and the tempered "Mr. Peng" was very straight-tempered, what to say, and almost got up with ***.
The Military Commission also felt that what he said was very reasonable, so he sent Chen Geng to the front line to serve as the deputy commander of the Volunteer Army and the commander and political commissar of the 3rd Corps.
On August 17, 1951, after Chen Geng handled all the work, he officially set off from Shenyang and came to the Volunteer Army. After a long absence, ** and Chen Geng were very happy, at this time Chen Geng found that it had only been less than a year, ** had lost weight, and his body looked much worse than before.
Yes, ** has fought countless wars in his life, the US army is the most difficult opponent he has encountered, the comprehensive strength of the volunteer army is completely inferior to the US army, in order to formulate a better strategy and engage the US army, ** only sleep a few hours a day, the huge pressure dragged down Mr. Peng's body, but fortunately, the spirit of *** is still very full, it can be said that Chen Geng's arrival really made *** a lot easier.
After arriving at the front line, Chen Geng was not idle, and immediately put himself into the state of work, he summed up the lessons of past defeats, and decided to promote tunnel tactics, because the tunnel seeped into the ground, which can effectively avoid the large-scale artillery fire of the US army and reduce the ** of our army. As a result, an unprecedented tunnel war is about to start in front of the US military.
Chen Geng's idea of tunnel warfare is by no means a momentary whim, the prototype of tunnel warfare has been there very early, as early as in the anti-Japanese period, the Eighth Route Army was very poorly equipped, in order to reduce the **, the commanders and fighters of the Eighth Route Army invented tunnel warfare to shorten the impact distance and facilitate attack and retreat.
Tunnel warfare has another familiar name. It is called tunnel warfare, and it can also be seen in many revolutionary-themed movies, such as in "Bright Sword", when Li Yunlong annihilated the Yamazaki Brigade, he relied on digging tunnels to shorten the attack distance, dodging the machine guns and mortars of the devils, and concentrated the grenades of the whole regiment to a battalion, thus successfully annihilating the Yamazaki Brigade.
In the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the soldiers of the Volunteer Army also moved the classic tactic of tunnel warfare to North Korea, and together with the Korean People's Army, they built tunnels in Pyongyang, Jangjin Lake, Wonsan and other places.
However, the construction of the tunnel was not all smooth sailing, when the enemy found out that the volunteers were building the tunnel, they increased the intensity of aerial bombardment and artillery bombardment, and many soldiers also died in the process of building the tunnel.
In 1952, Mr. Peng's body was really unable to support it, for his health, the ** Military Commission recalled Mr. Peng to Beijing for recuperation, and the supreme commander on the front line was served by Chen Geng.
He believes that tunnel warfare can make up for our army's ground disadvantage against the US military, and we need to carry forward the tunnel warfare, but tunnel warfare is different from the past, and it must be built and fortified, otherwise once it is blown up by the US military, it will become the grave of our army.
Chen Geng also started with his Third Corps, vigorously grasped the construction of tunnels, and built the 12th Army into a model unit for tunnel operations. Led by the Third Corps, all the volunteers took action.
At this time, the Volunteers and the United States were in a stalemate stage of war, and the US Army could not fight to eliminate the Volunteers, and the Volunteers could not completely repel the US Army, which gave the Volunteers a good opportunity to build tunnels and improve logistics.
In June 1951, the second phase of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea began, and the Chinese Volunteers and the US Army began to "promote talks by fighting" and strive for interests at the negotiating table through small-scale campaigns. The US military has even taken advantage of its air superiority to focus on attacking China's rear transportation and practicing a "strangulation war."
In the face of the superiority of the US army's air firepower, Chen Geng's volunteers adopted the strategy of tunnel operations, transported materials and transferred the wounded underground, and carried out operations at night, which greatly reduced the losses of our army.
In 1952, the Volunteers had built the Great Wall of Korea in the underground construction, a feat in the history of human warfare, and the tunnels were connected to a total length equivalent to the distance from Lianyungang to Xi'an.
In the battle of Shangganling, the enemy fired an average of 660 shells to kill and wound 1 volunteer, while without a tunnel, the enemy killed and injured 1 volunteer with an average of 40 to 60 shells.
What is even more gratifying is that after the tunnel, the position of the volunteer army has become more solid, and the loss of positions has been greatly reduced. The volunteers also set up a radio station inside the tunnel to meet the operational needs of their superiors at any time, and food and ammunition were also continuously transported to the front line in the tunnel.
In the autumn offensive of the US army, the volunteers effectively used tunnel tactics to thwart more than 100 attacks by the US army, annihilated more than 2,000 enemies, and gradually seized the initiative on the battlefield.
In the end, the U.S. military gave up the idea of promoting talks by fighting, and they could no longer cross the 38th parallel. On July 27, 1953, the Volunteers and United ** signed an armistice agreement, and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea ended with the victory of our army.