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On June 26, 1946, in the Central Plains Liberated Area, with the unilateral tearing up of the peace agreement by Chiang Kai-shek of the Kuomintang, the Liberation War, which lasted for more than three years, was also completely kicked off.
Among these troops, the 11th Column of the Nakano is a legend among legends, for easy reasons, although it is only a column, its momentum can be compared to the regular half of the field army; Although it belongs to the middle field of Liu Deng's army, in fact, it has been wandering outside since its establishment, and the army alone has traveled thousands of miles behind enemy lines, but it has still made great achievements; Although the 11th Column is so strong, it is a pity that it was dismantled early only after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and without a number, the soldiers were dismantled and transferred to other units.
So what's going on here? How was this famous "ghost column" established, what credit did they make, and why was it finally laid off?
On the contrary, in the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan Field Army, it was regarded as the latest group to be established, and when other fraternal units had already fought many tough battles, the 11th Column was only a local armed force, and it was not until August 1947, in view of the grim situation of the revolution in the Central Plains, that it was hastily formed.
Founded late, the quality of soldiers and combat experience are naturally weaker than others, but this is still nothing, the most terrible thing is that in fact, at the beginning, ** did not plan to "upgrade" it to a column!
Let's go back to June 1947, at this time, in order to cross the Yellow River to fight in southwest Shandong, the headquarters of Liu Deng's army issued an order to Wang Bingzhang, then commander of the Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region, and later the commander of the 11th Column, that is, let him lead the main force of the military region, do his best to attract the attention of the enemy, and cover the encirclement and annihilation of the large army!
The task is not arduous, you must know that it is the main force, but most of the soldiers in Wang Bingzhang's hands are new recruits who have just been recruited by the locality, and the combat effectiveness is unknown.
But even so, the military order was like a mountain, Wang Bingzhang still took it hard, and after gathering the troops, he quickly arranged the preliminary task, that is, to take the initiative to provoke, go to attract the main force of the Kuomintang army, and then run while fighting, and use the sports war to provide Liu Deng's army with an opportunity to annihilate the enemy!
I have to say that this is no different from dancing on the tip of the knife, in fact, the marshal didn't think about what Wang Bingzhang could do, his only hope is that these recruits can escape with all their beards and shadows, however, the actual situation is just the opposite, relying on flexible tactics, Wang Bingzhang not only succeeded in deceiving the enemy, but also fought hard to kill the enemy in the main force, and while capturing a lot in the battle of Yangshanji, he silently stood aside to fight the attack, in the case of inferior troops and inferior equipment, Stubbornly carried the enemy's reorganized division for nine days and nine nights!
Such combat effectiveness is like a local armed force, and the main ace is nothing more than that, of course, because of this, even the two of them were stunned after the war, and in order to show their appreciation, the headquarters specially approved the promotion of Wang Bingzhang's department and reorganized them into a column.
How significant is an official number, look at the "Indelible Number" I believe you can know a thing or two, sometimes in order to get the number, the soldiers are even willing to work hard, and the commanders and fighters will even fight with the head of the army to blush and have a thick neck, therefore, this is undoubtedly great news for the eleventh column, but what they never expected is that the upgrade is upgraded, but in the next year, their treatment is still the same, it is not an exaggeration to say that "grandma doesn't love uncle doesn't love"!
In August 1947, the famous Nakano Eleventh Column was formally established, and after obtaining the number, Wang Bingzhang and his soldiers were called happy, but who knew that in that month, they received a difficult task, even if it was extremely dangerous, it pushed the Eleventh Column to the embarrassing situation of "grandma doesn't love uncle and doesn't love".
At that time, when Liu Deng's army was preparing to realize the strategic transfer and the whole army was advancing into Dabie Mountain, but a problem was placed in front of *** and ***, that is, how to leave the enemy's monitoring range unknowingly, the two of them thought about it for a long time, and then they thought of a way that was not a way, that is, to send a lone army, so that it pretended to be the main force, turned around and marched north, disguised as the illusion that the army was going to return to Shanxi, Hebei, Luyu!
It can be said that the troops undertaking this task can be called nine deaths, unfortunately, after discussion, the newly created 11th column has become the first choice of the headquarters, as for the reason is also very simple, it is not that Liu Deng deliberately targeted Wang Bingzhang's department, it was completely forced by the situation at the time, you know, at this time, the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan field army had a total of ten columns, which were led by Chen Geng, stationed in the southern part of Shanxi, the fourth and ninth columns, the eighth and tenth columns left behind in the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan Military Region to guard the family, and the main force in the hands of Liu Deng.
One, two, three, six, ten.
1. 12 verticals.
That is to say, when Liu Deng advanced into Dabie Mountain, there were only six columns left in his hands, of which, the first, second, third, and sixth could not be moved, because they were the main force in the main force and were kept to fight tough battles, while the 12th column had just been established, and the comprehensive strength was too weak to shoulder the heavy burden, therefore, under comprehensive consideration, only the 11th column in the field army was the most suitable to complete this arduous task.
Of course, Wang Bingzhang himself knew this, so he did not hesitate in the face of the military order, and immediately went north, and plunged headlong into the encirclement of the elite troops of the Kuomintang under the condition of waving the banner of the main force of Liu Deng's army.
Let's take a look at the enemy's disposition, the Kuomintang army stationed in the southwest of Shandong has about seven divisions and about 150,000 troops, namely the integrated 5th Division led by Qiu Qingquan and Qiu Luozi, the integrated 10th Division led by Luo Guangwen, the integrated 11th Division led by Hu Lian, the integrated 75th Division led by Shen Chengnian, the integrated 84th Division led by Wu Huawen, the integrated 57th Division led by Duan Linmao, and two additional independent brigades.
Two of the five main forces of the Kuomintang came, but what about Wang Bingzhang's 11th column?But there is only 1About 20,000 people, even if you ignore the huge advantage of the enemy's equipment, such a ten-to-one difference in strength is already a desperate situation, not to mention that they still take the initiative to advance into the encirclement, such a move is no different from sending death in the eyes of later generations.
However, what is shocking is that it is such a situation of nine deaths and a life of life, and Wang Bingzhang was brought to life!I saw them fighting and running, and when they encountered a small force, they took the initiative to attack, and when they encountered a large army, they immediately played the banner of Liu Deng's army to deter, and in a period of several weeks, it can really be said that people block and kill, Buddha blocks and kills Buddha, and they are stunned to pretend to be half of the momentum of a field army!
In the face of the small units of our army, these Kuomintang elites still dare to face the battle, but if the "strength is inferior", or the enemy situation is unknown, the careful thinking of these senior generals will come out, no one wants to be the first bird, everyone wants to weaken the strength of friendly forces, of course, this is the reason why the 11th Column was able to survive and was not beaten.
However, since it is pretended, there will be a day of exposure sooner or later, the reason is very easy, at the end of August of that year, with Liu Deng's army smoothly advancing into Dabie Mountain, as soon as this news came out, even if the Kuomintang army was sluggish, they all understood the "trick" of the 11th column, and knew that what was in front of them was only a suspicious army of more than 10,000 people!
For a time, including Qiu Qingquan, the Kuomintang generals in southwest Lu were suddenly annoyed and angry, and under their joint strangulation, the 11th Column also fell into a precarious situation, but the result was amazing, the 11th Column was not only wiped out by more than 100,000 enemy troops, but repeatedly escaped, and even escaped from them in "spare time"! So what's going on here?
It turned out that this was entirely the credit of Huaye, as early as July of that year, Huaye's main force was divided into three parts, of which Chen Shiqu and Tang Liang led three columns to go straight to southwest Lu, and Ye Tao's two columns also quickly hit the northern Jiangsu region, these two forces greatly involved the main force of the Kuomintang army, which made them have no extra energy to manage Wang Bingzhang, which allowed the eleventh column to finally escape.
Since then, the original lone army has finally found support, obviously it is the army of Zhongye, and now it has fallen into the arms of Huaye, of course, this "change lintel" is not in vain, and soon the eleventh column will usher in their first battle in Huaye, that is, the famous battle of Shatuji!
Before it was created, the 11th Column completed the feat of blocking the enemy for nine days and nine nights, and just got the official number, they had to "leave their hometown" and leave the middle field to fight guerrillas in Huaye's territory, but even so, under the leadership of Wang Bingzhang, the 11th Column still played with style and momentum, and a column was mistaken by the enemy for half of the field army, not to mention, it made great achievements in the next Shatuji Campaign!
In September 1947, General Su Yu personally led Huaye's main force to assemble in the Yuncheng area in the southeast of Shandong, preparing to annihilate the arrogant Qiu Qingquan in one fell swoop, but when it came to arranging the troops, they realized a problem, that is, after continuous division of troops, Huaye's troops were already seriously insufficient, even if they had the ability to completely annihilate Qiu Qingquan's Fifth Division, they were unable to resist the nearby Kuomintang army, especially Duan Linmao's 57th Division.
Therefore, Su Yu had to change his thinking and put the main target on the latter first, hoping to annihilate the weak 57th Division first, and then turn back to attack Qiu Qingquan!
Of course, Su Yu understood that Qiu Qingquan was very smart and would not sit idly by and ignore his colleagues like other Kuomintang generals, so in order to limit him from sending troops to rescue, Su Yu also sent two troops to block, that is, the Huaye 10th Column led by Song Shilun and the Zhongye 11th Column led by Wang Bingzhang!
The task of the two armies is very simple, that is, to stop the enemy from reinforcing at all costs, but everything is easier said than done, and the two columns together have almost 250,000 people, but what about the enemy's five divisions? But there are more than 30,000, plus Qiu Qingquan, as Chiang Kai-shek's confidant and favorite general, has all American equipment in his hands, and it is difficult to imagine how difficult it is to stop his all-out attack.
However, it is obvious that Wang Bingzhang and Song Shilun are not covered, especially Wang Bingzhang, as a "guest", he is in urgent need of showing the strength of the eleventh column to prove himself, for this reason, he is also doing his best, not only with a very fast reaction speed, to keep up with the rhythm of Huaye's battle, but also with superb defensive tactics, staged a good show of rapid offensive and defensive conversion outside Yuncheng.
The result of the battle is obvious, Song and Wang successfully completed the task of blocking Qiu Qingquan, and assisted the large army to annihilate Duan Linmao's 57th Division in one fell swoop.
Therefore, in the next many battles, he handed over all the tasks of blocking the operation to Wang Bingzhang, the ten columns, the eleventh column and the two columns cooperated with each other, first again blocked Qiu Qingquan to aid Hu Lian, and then in the southwest of Shandong, firmly clamped Qiu Qingquan's department, and even more, when Qiu Qingquan planned to break through from the Longhai line, they actually killed from Xuzhou to Shangqiu, twice back and forth, while liberating Dongming County, but also captured a Kuomintang lieutenant general.
Later, Wang Bingzhang's 11th Column has participated in many Huaye combat missions, and in this process, they changed the target from Qiu Qingquan to Huang Baitao, in the Eastern Henan Campaign, the 11th Column did not succeed due to the light enemy, but suffered heavy losses, after the Huaihai Campaign began, they were ashamed and brave, twice in a row to defeat Huang Baitao's corps, and finally cooperated with the large army to successfully annihilate it.
Let's put it this way, as long as it is the enemy targeted by the Eleventh Column, if it is not annihilated, it will never stop, and after making so many contributions, at the end of 1948, they finally returned to their hometown and rebuilt Nakano.
So the question is, since the 11th Column has made great achievements and suffered so many grievances in the War of Liberation, why will they be dismissed later?
In fact, this reason is not easy to say, I just want to find a reason, it can only be said that the combat effectiveness of the 11th Column is not as good as other troops, don't look at the period from the establishment to the founding of the country, how loud the name of the 11th Column is, how legendary the experience is, but through many battles it has been proved that they are good at fighting blocking warfare, but after all, the frontal combat is still lacking.
For example, the defeat in the Battle of Eastern Henan, as well as the battle with the Kuomintang Army in the Huaihai Campaign, coincided with the end of the Liberation War, the ** Military Commission decided to reorganize some units with inferior combat effectiveness into local military districts, and the 11th Column was also on the list, first it was reorganized into the 17th Army, and then it was dispersed and reorganized into a number of city-level military regions, and the elite soldiers and strong generals were transferred to other troops.
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