Waste plastic pyrolysis treatment technology refers to the process of converting waste plastics into fuel oil, combustible gas, carbon black and other products through high-temperature pyrolysis reaction. Waste plastic pyrolysis and refining can not only effectively reduce environmental pollution, but also realize the reuse of resources, which has significant economic value and environmental significance. The pyrolysis of waste plastics involves a relatively complex industrial chain, including the collection and classification of waste plastics at the front end, the pyrolysis treatment at the middle end, and the application of back-end products.
Front-end: collection and sorting of waste plastics.
Collection system: The first step in the pyrolysis treatment of waste plastics is to establish an effective collection system. This usually requires the participation of all walks of life to increase the collection of waste plastics by raising awareness, setting up sites, establishing networks, etc.
Sorting and pre-treatment: Collected waste plastics need to be strictly sorted and pre-treated. Because different types of plastics have different pyrolysis conditions and available products, the mixed waste plastics may reduce the pyrolysis efficiency and even affect the quality of the product. In addition, the pretreatment also includes cleaning, crushing and other steps to remove impurities and reduce the particle size of the waste plastic in preparation for the subsequent pyrolysis process.
Mid-end: Lysis treatment.
Pyrolysis reactor: The pretreated waste plastic is heated to a certain temperature in the waste plastic pyrolysis equipment, usually between 300-900, and the plastic long chain molecules are broken at high temperature and converted into small molecules of hydrocarbons.
Product separation and purification: The products produced by the pyrolysis process mainly include fuel oil, combustible gas and carbon black. These products need to be condensed, separated, purified and other steps to obtain a clean commercial product.
Backend: The application of the product.
Fuel oil: The pyrolysis of fuel oil can be directly used as combustion oil or further processed into gasoline and diesel. It is widely used as a fuel for various industrial furnaces and kilns, and can also be used for power generation.
Combustible gas: The combustible gas produced in the pyrolysis process, the main components are methane, ethane, etc., which can be reused as fuel in the pyrolysis unit to achieve self-sufficient heating and reduce the demand for external energy.
Carbon black: Carbon black can be used as a pigment, rubber reinforcing agent, etc., and is widely used in tire manufacturing, paint, ink and other industries.
Summary. The development of waste plastic pyrolysis treatment technology has promoted the transformation from waste to resources and promoted the realization of a circular economy.