【Original text】Those who are courteous are careful to treat the dead and dead. Life, the beginning of man: death, the end of man. Good from the beginning, humanity is complete. Therefore, the gentleman respects the beginning and ends carefully. It is the way of a gentleman and the text of etiquette and righteousness. The husband is thick in life and thin in death, it is to respect his knowledge and slow his ignorance, and it is the way of traitors and the heart of rebellion. The gentleman takes Zang and Gu with a rebellious heart, and he is still ashamed, and the situation is close to what he does! Therefore, death is the way, and it cannot be recovered, and the reason why the minister values his king, and the reason why the son values his relatives, so he is exhausted. The story is disloyal and disrespectful, and it is called wild; Sending to death is disloyal and disrespectful, and it is called barren. The gentleman is savage and ashamed. Therefore, the coffin of the Son of Heaven is tenfold, the princes are five, the doctor is three, and the scholar is heavy; Then there are the number of thicknesses and thinness of the clothes, and there are all the articles of the stalks; To decorate it, so that life and death are the same, one is enough to be the wish of people, is the way of the king, the extreme of loyal ministers and filial sons. The mourning of the Son of Heaven moves all over the world and belongs to the princes. The mourning of the princes moves the whole country and belongs to the doctors. The mourning of the doctor touches a country, and it belongs to the monks. The mourning of the monk is a friend. The mourning of the Shu people, the Hezu Party, moving the state. The funeral of the sinner after the sentence shall not be in the clan party, the wife alone, the coffin shall be three inches, the clothes shall be three collars, the coffin shall not be decorated with a coffin, and the coffin shall not be decorated in the daytime, and it shall be buried in the dark, and all the fate shall be buried.
Translation] rites are rigorously dealt with life and death. Life is the beginning of life; Death is the end of life. If the end and the beginning are handled well, then the way of being a human being is complete. Therefore, a gentleman takes the beginning of life seriously and the end of life cautiously. Treat the end and the beginning as if it were the same thing, this is the principle of a gentleman, and it is a specific regulation of etiquette. Valuing the life of a person and despising the death of a person, this is respecting the consciousness of the living and neglecting the unconscious of the dead, this is the principle of the best person, and it is a kind of betrayal of others' hearts. It is a shame for a gentleman to treat his slaves and children with a heart that betrays others, let alone to serve the monarch and dear parents whom he respects. Besides, there is a law of death, that is, each person dies only once and it is impossible to repeat it again, so the courtiers must show respect for the monarch, and the children must show respect for their parents, and at this time it will come to an end. Therefore, those who serve the living are not faithful, respectful, and courteous, and are called rude; Burying the deceased is not disloyal, respectful, and courteous, and it is called leniency. A gentleman despises barbarism and takes it as a shame to treat it poorly. Therefore, the coffin of the Son of Heaven has seven layers, five layers for princes, three layers for doctors, and two layers for scholars; secondly, they all have more or less, thicker or thinner numbers of clothes and quilts, and they all have the difference in the rank of coffin shelter and its pattern; It is the principle of the ancient holy kings and the highest criterion of filial piety to decorate the deceased with these respectfully, to make them look the same in life before and after death, at the end of their lives, and at the beginning of their lives, so that this consistent and complete fulfillment of people's wishes may be made. The funeral of the Son of Heaven affected the whole world, and the princes were gathered to send the funeral. The funeral of the princes affected the countries with friendly exchanges, and doctors gathered for the funeral. The doctor's funeral touched a nation, and the sergeant gathered for the funeral. The sergeant's funeral touched a village, and friends gathered for the funeral. The funeral of the people, the relatives of the contract clan came to the funeral, which affected the state. The coffin is three inches thick, three sets of clothes and quilts, the coffin is not allowed to be decorated, the funeral is not allowed to be sent during the day, and it can only be buried at dusk, and the wife and children can only wear ordinary clothes to bury him, and when they come back, there is no etiquette of crying, there is no mourning dress of linen and filial piety, and there is no difference in the rank of the date of mourning due to the intimacy of relatives, everyone returns to their usual situation, and everyone returns to their original appearanceAfter having buried him, it is like no one has ever died and does nothing, which is called the greatest shame.
Light etiquette is the beginning and end of life, cautious and long-term, rigorous. Birth, the beginning of man's enlightenment; Death, the end of man. If the end is good, then the way of man is perfect. It is a gentleman who begins with a solemn and cautious end, and regards it as one, which is the foundation of etiquette and righteousness and the criterion of life. Respecting life and ignoring death is to respect the ignorant and ignorant, the deeds of this wicked man and the deeds of those who have betrayed righteousness. If you treat the servant boy with this heart, you are still ashamed, and you are a gentleman? You must know that there is only one way to die, and there is only one time, and there is no return. Therefore, the courtiers are to the king, and the children are to the father, and their respect ends here.
Therefore, if you are disloyal, unkind, and disrespectful to your living elders, you are considered rude and barbaric. If you are disloyal, unkind, and disrespectful to your deceased predecessors, you will be considered cold and ruthless. The gentleman is dismissive of rude and indifferent behavior, and regards it as a shame. As a result, there was a rule that the coffin of the Son of Heaven needed seven layers, five layers for princes, three layers for doctors, and two layers for scholars; In addition, there are various detailed regulations on quilts, coffins, and patterns. The purpose of these regulations is to bury the deceased in a respectful manner so that they are treated with equal respect during and after death, at the end of their lives, and at the beginning of their lives. This is consistent.
1. Meticulous care is the principle of the ancient holy kings, and it is also the highest code of conduct for loyal ministers and filial sons.
The funeral of the Son of Heaven is like the fall of a star, shaking the whole world, and the heroes come one after another to gather for the funeral. The mourning of the princes affected friendly neighbors, and doctors gathered one after another to express their grief. The doctor's funeral shook a country, and the sergeant heard the news and came to participate in the grand event. The sergeant's funeral spread to a village, and friends came to spend their grief together. When the people mourn, the relatives gather to mourn their relatives. As for the funeral after the sentence, although you can't gather relatives, you can also say goodbye to your wife and children. The coffin was only three inches thick, with only three sets of clothes and bedding, and was only buried at dusk. His wife and children were dressed in plain clothes and buried them silently. After returning home, there is no mourning ceremony, no mourning period, everything returns to peace, as if there has never been death. This is the greatest shame.
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