Years ago, that report about the Saab trio about airplanes, it was a great **, and even after a long time, he did not forget it. The SAAB-35 fighter was developed under the special background of the times and in combination with the regional characteristics of its own country. Due to the large-scale war of World War II, the SAAB-35 Dragon fighter has little need for runways and can take off and land on various roads. Many people don't know that in his childhood, there was a saying: "War readiness road".
Sweden: a leading country in the development and manufacture of fighter jets.
Sweden is one of the few European countries that has the ability to design and mass-produce fighter jets on its own. This sets it apart from any other European one.
About 75-80 per cent of Sweden's domestically manufactured armaments and military technology needs. This is a striking signal for a country that has always adopted a neutral attitude.
The main aircraft in the Swedish aviation industry is the multi-purpose fighter Sabu JAS 39 and the Glip 39. The aircraft has been successfully exported abroad and is capable of competing with major aircraft manufacturers.
Sweden's first successful fighter aircraft in the world was the supersonic fighter SAAB35Draken, developed in the mid-1950s.
Saab 35 Draken.
This flying machine, known as the "Dragon", has a beautiful appearance. The whole scheme is brand new, triangular with twin swept wings and triangular wings. These wings make it look very clear. In the former Soviet Union, the model cost 60 kopecks, so everyone had the opportunity to collect a Swedish dragon.
In the late forties of the twentieth century, the Swedes became enthusiastic about creating a new supersonic fighter. This fighter was ordered by the Royal Swedish Air Force, which believes that Sweden will be interested in a supersonic fighter-interceptor aircraft (up to 15 m) was in great demand, and this new type of fighter was used against the enemy's hypersonic bombers. The development of this fighter is naturally outsourced to Saab, and the Swedish space and defense company is in an absolute monopoly position in the development of Swedish aircraft. In August 1949, the new airliner received the factory name FM250 and was given the world-famous name "Draken".
That's itYesRighttheConductedCompareHighrate of climb,FlyingHeightandSupersonicFlyingThe ambitions of the army were inflated, and soon they discussed 17 to 1High speed between Mach 8. Especially the need for weapons. The new fighters will be equipped with artillery and will have "air-to-air" navigation and missiles of various calibers without navigation. The Swedish army wanted a fighter equipped with such missiles, which would be able to assist pilots in air interception without the need for land navigation.
At the same timeAlsoRightAircraftofRepairRationalewithMaintenanceworkoutnowAloneStandofprovisionsThe design was designed to minimize the use of maintenance workers, facilitate the use of building components, and have to work in a variety of climates. At the same time, it is also clearly stated that aircraft can only take off and land on runways that are 3,000 meters wide and 13 meters wide. This provision provides the Swedish army with 400 new runways, including even bus lanes.
toonofconditionsGiveSwedenofDesignPersonPresentednowQuiteGreatofTrialsButYessaabcompanyofTechnologyPersonnelAlreadyOvercomeof thisoneSleepyDifficult
SwedishEngineerpeopleTakenowaUnconventionalofMethod:Come onSatisfiedArmyteamofVariousYesbeggingThissomeYesbeggingSomeYesmutualphaseConflictsofFor example, flying at high speeds also requires a high degree of maneuverability and the ability to take off and land on the same runway, as is the case with Sweden's latest generation of subsonic fighters, the Saab 29 Tongnan. The Swedish army's regulations for all-day flights require it to be equipped with more equipment and instruments, and at the same time, the need for high climbing speed is also to minimize the weight of the fighters.
GeneralofPlanInDesigntimesJustVisibleYesNoneSignificanceIt is impossible to fit the necessary equipment, fuel and ** into a cramped body. So SAAB's engineers set their sights on the triangular wing, which was only starting to be used at that time. After Swedish engineers estimated the weight of the fighter, a new problem arose, that is, the weight of the fuselage was too large. This requires the designer to make another choice: whether to lengthen the nose of the aircraft or to come up with a new one. They came up with a solution – Batini's Wings – a triangular wing with two triangular wings. Compared to swept and straight wings, delta wings are lighter and stronger, and designers only use this configuration when they require more than Mach 2.
SAAB35 turbine engine: from prototype to series production.
In1953yearssaabPick uptooneservingsArmythingOrdersRequirements:systemmadeThreepcsPrototypemachinePreviously, a series of tests were carried out on the small subsonic airliner SAAB210 to test the chosen design concept and design scheme. The first full-fledged SAAB35 Draken completed its first flight on October 25, 1955. The following year, mass production of the first J35A began. In February 1958, the first mass-produced Dragon aircraft flew in Sweden, and in 1960, the Swedish Air Force began its official service.
SwedenAir ForceonealtogetherThere are 7 of them"Dragon".typeFlymachineIncluding:sk35cTwoblockbitsCoaching，s35eis oneDetectiveCheckFlymachineIn additionAll 5 of themFightersBlockInterceptionmachine（abdfj）。The latest model is a modification of the SAABJ35J Draken, which was redesigned from 1987 to 1991 with 62 aircraft and was in service with the Swedish Air Force until 1999. The modification is equipped with a new radar, avionics, a friend or foe identification system, additional infrared sensors, and a ground approach warning system. Judging by the appearance, this improved interceptor differed from the previous generation in that two brackets were added under the wings.
SAABS-35C combat trainer aircraft.
Structural features of the SAAB35 Draken fighter.
The SAAB35Draken is a supersonic fighter with a single mid-wing with two triangular wings. This is a combat interceptor aircraft with a seat, which can also be used to strike against the ground if necessary. The overall design of the machine is a complete metal construction that can withstand a lot of loads. The maximum load is 8 grams, and the devastating load is 20 grams. It takes 20 hours for ground crews to complete an hour for a fighter.
machinebody
The fuselage of the SAAB35 Draken includes a ** part with a working skin and the fuselage itself. The radar is mounted on the nose of the fuselage. The fuselage includes the pilot's enclosed cockpit and air conditioning system, equipment and ** cabin, forward take-off and landing compartment, fuel tank and tail landing gear. The structure of the body includes two parts: the nose and the tail. In addition to the main parts, the back, air intakes, landing gear doors, cockpit canopy (the one for the single seat opens rear, and the one for the two-seater faces right). The front wing of the Swedish fighter was connected to the middle part of the fuselage, which housed a turbojet engine with an aftercombustion chamber. In the middle of the plane, there are fuel tanks, a variety of equipment, some **, and a main landing pod. In the rear of the fighter, there is a special bracket for ** and auxiliary fuel. In front of the engine's afterburner there were four reduction discs.
VerticaltowardRear wing
This vertical tail is screwed to the fuselage and connected to the middle of the wing. Above the plane there was a back, which extended from the back of the pilot's cockpit. The back cover can be easily removed for easy access and servicing. There are also vents on the back for cooling the aircraft's various systems, and behind it, where the parachute is placed.
Wings
The "Dragon" is distinguished by its distinctive triangular wing and different sweep angles. When approaching the fuselage, the leading edge sweep angle is 80 degrees, while at the wing tail - 57 degrees.
LandingGears
The aircraft uses a conventional three-point landing device. The front landing gear retracts forward into the fuselage, while the main landing gear retracts backward into the wings. A more powerful afterburner engine was installed in one of the fighters, and the tail landing gear of the Dragon was retracted into its own nacelle. The secondary landing gear is able to effectively protect the substructure of the airframe, which is very important in the field environment.
SAAB35 Draken fighter fuel and ** system.
Burnmaterialdevice
The fuel unit of the SAAB35 Draken consisted of a fuel tank for the aircraft (soft on the back and the front) and a full-wing fuel tank for 4000 l of fuel. On this basis, a special electromechanical measurement method is used to control the fuel consumption of the engine in view of the fuel distribution problem in the aero engine.
Engine
Most SAAB35 Draken fighters are equipped with Avon 300 engines (Wowo light motor RM-6C), and Sweden is the British Rolls-Royce **On Ra24 engines are available in licensed versions. In addition, the engine is equipped with a Swedish afterburner. This engine allowed the fighter to reach speeds of more than Mach 2 per hour and reach an altitude of 2150 km h.
Equipment
These aircraft are armed with one or two 30 mm (100 ammo) 30 mm automatic guns. In addition, the aircraft has 9 hardpoints that can be loaded with different types of **. Most of these ** are "air-to-air" navigation, usually built and licensed by the United States27 (American AIM-26B, equipped with fragmentation anti-ship warheads) - at a distance of 8-16 km, and the American AIM-9-8-28 Sidewinder (RF-9-), which has an effective range of 18 km. In addition, the aircraft can carry 75 mm or 135 mm aerial rocket magazines for ground strikes, as well as 1,000 pounds (454 kg) aerial bombs.
The SAAB35 Draken was mass-produced in Sweden from 1955 to 1974, with a total of 651 models built. After the completion of mass production, the fighter underwent several modifications, which allowed it to remain in service until 2005. Together with the Swedish Air Force, the Dragon fighter is supplied to the air forces of Denmark, Finland and Austria. In addition, six warplanes were used at the National Test Institute in the United States. This small Scandinavian country has achieved a lot. The previous "Sabu 29 Tongnan" fighter was exported to only one country.
You know, there is nothing special about the history of the SAAB35 Draken. This is the classic model of the "Working Horse" fighter. The plane was never engaged in real combat, and there was never a serious aircraft accident and the loss of pilot life. Saab 35 has also never broken a record. He served in the Swedish Air Force in 1960 and retired in 1999. The entire service experience of the "Dragon" fighter can be summed up in one word, that is, "due diligence".
J35 Draken fighter Austrian Air Force.
In the mid-60s of the 20th century, the Austrian Air Force was looking for a new type of fighter to replace its outdated Sabu 29 Thongnan fighter. Following an evaluation in 1967, Austria** selected the SAABJ35 Draken. 24 J35F Draken fighters have been ordered by Austria, including 12-seater and 12 two-seater training aircraft.
In service
The Austrian Air Force J35 Draken fighter was in service from 1969 until 2005. In military operations, their primary mission is to carry out anti-aircraft defense. They have also participated in a number of North Atlantic Treaty Organization military exercises.
RetreatHugh
In 2005, the Austrian J35 Draken was retired from the Austrian Air Force and replaced by European fighters. After retirement, some of the J35 Draken fighters were kept in museums or trained on the ground.
Performance
The SAABJ35 Draken fighter is a fighter with excellent performance, it can attack at a speed of 2125 km per hour at a range of 1930 km. The aircraft is armed with 30 mm caliber machine guns, various air-to-air and aerial bombs.
TechnologyregulationFan
Size: 15 in total length35 meters, 389 meters, wingspan -942 meters, wingspan -4922 meters.
Weight: 775 kg.
Standard flying weight: 11914 kg.
Maximum flight weight: 16000 kg
Engine: Wowo Bird RM-6C (Alvin Series 300) turbojet engine, forward 5689 kN, thrust back push: 7851 thousand N.
Top speed: 2125 km/h (11000 m above sea level).
Effective range: thirty km.
Actual flight range: 3250 km (including auxiliary fuel).
Actual lifting height: 20,000 meters.
*: Type 30 anti-aircraft gun of 55 mm caliber (100 rounds).
Ammunition: 2900 kg (9 load points): air-to-air missiles, air-borne rockets, 1000-pound aerial bombs.
Staff: 1 person.
Additional information: The owner of the book left several key pieces of information. Dragons are dignified.
In 1955, the Draken reached a speed of 2124 km h, which was a world record for closed navigation.
Although Draken is often seen as deliberately "cobraing" the Cobra operation, there is still a lot of debate. According to some information, Hermann Heinrich, a German test pilot in 1945, used the Metzchemitt M163 to complete this task in 1945.
The Saab 35*** has poor flight stability, as does its tailless triangular wing. The pilot had difficulty getting the plane to land. The new Saab tends to fall into a "super stall". The training was designed to help pilots of the Draken avoid the masterful stalls, which is why the now famous "Cobra" tactic was developed.
When flying a Cobra, the aircraft flies at an ultra-low speed under control and with its head facing up. At a 90-degree angle, the plane acts like a large air brake, dramatically reducing its speed. Moments later, the pilot tilted the nose forward and disengaged from the control of the aircraft.