Since ancient times,Qin Shi HuangIt has always been oneControversialhistorical figures, heUnificationSix countries, withEloquent, is a person in Chinese historyImportant rulersand, however, he implementedBook-burning and Confucianism policyas well as to the peopleHarsh governance**, which made him in the eyes of some peopleA tyrant.
Archaeologists tooNever stoppedRightTerracotta Warriors of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi HuangofSurveys and studies, as the research deepens, people'sDoubts are growing
TerracottaThe craftsmanship is so exquisite, the craftsmen of the Qin DynastyHow exactly do you come to make these exquisite terracotta figurines?
To this, someone gave oneA bold answer: "These terracotta figurines are actually made of "living people"! ”
In archaeologistsFirst diggingTerracotta warriors, terracotta warriorsClothing and ** is not only colorful, but also bright and fashionable contrasting styleYesPurple, black, red, greenetcTen colorsVivid and powerful.
However, due to the time and alsoThere is no reliable technology for the preservation of cultural relics, these brightly colored terracotta warriors and horses are inContact with air for less than five minutesOver time, the color graduallyThe flaking disappearsOnly remainednowTerracotta.
From the terracottaExcavated unearthedThis oneMade of terracottaof the armyFully equippedofChariots and horsesComplete range of troops, which includes:Infantry, civilians, archers, etc, their queueNeat and orderlyThe three pits contain a total of 8,000 terracotta warriors, every single pieceLifelike, as if ready to plunge into the battlefield at any time.
There was once a staff member who chosenHundreds of groupsterracotta, put themFacial featuresEnter them one by oneIdentification software, through the analysis of the terracotta warriorsFacial contours, eyes, nose, mouthand other characteristics.
The results are displayedAll of these faces are unique, which is shown on every faceUnique faces and expressions, there isDistinctivePersonality and traits.
But because of the facial expressions of these terracottaToo realistic, many of them areStart questioningUnder the level of social development at that time in the Qin Dynasty, how could such exquisite pottery making technology appear?
Plus these terracotta warriors are locatedThe burial pit of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, someone gave oneBoldAnswer:These terracotta figurines were actually poured by living people!
That's trueToo cruel, but againUnexplainableThe cause of so many terracotta warriors, thusIt caused great controversy, for a long timePending.
And over time, a certain terracottaAccidental fracture provides the answer, in people's heartsThe mystery has finally been solved.
The staff is on the rightCracks appearof the Terracotta ArmyRemediatetimesDiscover, insideThere are no human bones, nor any human beings.
If the terracotta warriors are trueIt is poured out of living people, thenThere must be something left of the living, but inside it doesEmpty, which proves itTerracotta warriors and horses were not poured with living people.
At the same time, experts in the terracotta armyMutilated and broken torsoIt's also availableNew discoveries, thoseThe traces of coiled bonding of the soil are very noticeable, illustrates that the craftsmen of ancient times wereCoiled around with clay stripsof
So the method of making terracotta horsesAnd not as exaggerated as people think, that isHandmade, passedBeat the clay, in itRoll into strips after becoming soft, and then putCircle by circle again, coil upwards, this method is calledClay strip disc construction method
And these 8,000 terracotta warriors and horses are all "rubbed" by the hands of craftsmen one by one, you can imagine this projectHuman, material and financial resources are enormous.
in useClay strip disc construction methodWhen making terracotta warriors, the craftsmen will first be in oneSolid baseon evenlyApply one layerThin clay, asThe foundation of the statue, and then start using the mud stripscoiled on the baseon, graduallyBuild upout of the silhouette of the statue.
With strips of mud spiralingThe higher the plate, the higher it is, statuesThe risk also increases, because every terracotta is basicallyUp to 180 cm and only 2 cm thickAnd not onlyIt is required that the coiling of the mud strips must be uniform and tight, alsoProper support measures are required at different parts of the statue to prevent deformation during drying or firing.
This method thoughTime-consuming and labor-intensive, but the good thing is that every terracotta warrior canWith a unique personality,Cleverly shapedMuscle lines, clothing texturesand other details, after the shape is processed, the terracotta figurines will beColoring firing.
The craftsmen then according toOfficers at all levels and all branches of the armed forcesand other characteristics, with the terracotta warriorsReal weapons and equipmentto make them even moreLifelikeThen followThe combat deployment of the Qin army was arranged one by one, so far, one"Terracotta Army".It's done.
Late March 1974Xiyang Village, Lintong, Xi'anof the villagers in the villageSouthwest corner, which would have beenPrepare to drill wells, but when theyWhen digging to a depth of four or five meters, suddenly found a layer of soilSomething isn't quite rightI can't dig it anymore.
themNot only did they not dig up the water source, but they dug up eight broken terracotta figurines, alsoCopper crossbow machines, arrowheads, etc. were found, they are to theseNever seen beforeSomething got a name, called"Wapen Ye".
Some villagers are also interested in this batchSerendipitous discoverystuffPanic, think it is"A bad omen of drought"., have been on these"Wapen Ye" burns incense and bows.
And whenCounty Cultural CenterThe staff heard thatWhen the tile head dug up in Xiyang Village was "bigger than a human head"., realizing that this could be oneSignificant archaeological discoveriesSurprised and delightedRushed to the sceneXiyang VillageSee on the ground.
After careful investigation, they found these tile peopleIt's not an ordinary terracotta figurine, but a terracotta pit of Qin Shi Huang's soldiers!
The news quickly aroseNational Administration of Cultural Heritageof the importance ofOrganize quicklyoneProfessional archaeological teamGo to the local area,It's officially startedto theseExcavation of the terracotta warriors.
As the work deepens,April-May 1976, the archaeological team in Xiyang Village, Lintong, ShaanxiPit No. 1alreadyMore than 6,000 terracotta warriors and war horses, as well as hundreds of thousands of weapons, were excavated.
Pit No. 2with the number one pitThe building structure is similar, but itsThe layout and scale are much larger than Pit 1The total area is about 6,000 square meters, with more than 1,300 terracotta figurines and horses, and more than 80 chariotsThere are othersTens of thousands of bronzes
Pit No. 3of the planeIt is in the shape of a "concave" characterYesThe area is minimal, but there is still oneArchaeological value.
1987 yearMausoleum of Qin Shi Huang and Terracotta Warriors and Horses PitbeUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCOApprovalIt is inscribed on the World Heritage List and is known as the "Eighth Wonder of the World"., the Qin Terracotta Army quickly becameGlobal attentionofFocusIt attracts countless tourists.
These terracotta warriors are not only for usIt reveals the magnificent scenes of the ancient Qin army, and also provides valuable material materials for the study of the history, culture and art of the Qin Dynasty.
The excavation of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi HuangSensation the worldand get people rightThe breadth and profundity of China's ancient civilizationThere it isA deeper understanding. withArchaeological techniques are constantly evolvingwithIn-depth archaeological workand believeSooner or later, one dayWe willUncover all the mysteries of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang.