In 1924, Sun Yat-sen founded the Whampoa Military Academy, and Chiang Kai-shek was appointed as the principal.
Among these people, eight of them are called the "Eight King Kongs" under his command, and these eight people have their own achievements, they have followed Chiang Kai-shek since the Whampoa Military Academy, and later held heavy power in the party, government, and military of the Kuomintang.
These eight people are He Yingqin, Gu Zhutong, Qian Dajun, Jiang Dingwen, Chen Cheng, Liu Zhi, Zhang Zhizhong, and Chen Jiji.
After the battle of crossing the river in 1949, our army occupied Nanjing, with the liberation of the northwest and southwest regions, Chiang Kai-shek had to retreat to Taiwan.
He is Zhang Zhizhong, who is known as the "General of Peace".
Zhang Zhizhong was not a student of Chiang Kai-shek, but a classmate of Chiang Kai-shek, so both of them had been in Baoding Military Academy, in 1924 after Chiang Kai-shek served as the principal of the Whampoa Military Academy, Zhang Zhizhong was invited to the military academy, successively served as the chief captain, the head of the officer corps and other positions.
At that time, he was in the first period of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and he was the director of the Political Department of the Military Academy, and he had a very good relationship with Zhang Zhizhong, and even Zhang Zhizhong once wanted to join the Communist Party, but he did not reply immediately, and later he said to Zhang Zhizhong: "Of course, the CCP welcomes you to join the party, but your goal is larger, the two parties have made an agreement, and the CCP does not absorb senior cadres of the Kuomintang into the party. But the CCP promises to secretly support you and make your work easier. ”
In the military academy, there is the "Young Servicemen's Federation" led by Communist Party members and the "Sun Wenism Society" led by the right wing of the Kuomintang; Zhang Zhizhong was deeply trusted and respected by Chiang Kai-shek, and both factions also wanted to draw Zhang Zhizhong into their camp.
But in fact, Zhang Zhizhong was biased towards the Young Servicemen's Federation, and this incident aroused Chiang Kai-shek's suspicions, and Chiang Kai-shek asked his confidant Wang Maogong whether Zhang Zhizhong was a communist. Wang Maogong thought that the rumors in the school were not credible, which dispelled Chiang Kai-shek's suspicions.
In 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12" counter-revolution and established Nanjing, which set off a white terror in the country and broke down the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
He did not want to meet the Red Army.
After the outbreak of the all-out War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1937, Zhang Zhizhong decided to go out of the mountains and served as the commander-in-chief of the Ninth Army and the commander-in-chief of the Left Wing Army.
In Hunan, Zhang Zhizhong began to contact our party again, and hired *** as a senior adviser to the province.
During the entire Anti-Japanese War, Zhang Zhizhong repeatedly reported to Chiang Kai-shek that he wanted to sincerely cooperate with the Communist Party, but Chiang Kai-shek never answered him directly.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party negotiated to discuss the great plan of building the country, and in August, Zhang Zhizhong and the U.S. Ambassador to China Hurley came to Yan'an to welcome the CCP peace delegation.
After Wang Ruofei and others came to Chongqing.
Zhang Zhizhong attaches great importance to the safety of the country, he gave up his residence in the Guiyuan of Shangqing Temple, as a *** office and guests, for the guards, he repeatedly told him to protect the safety of the ***.
43 days later, the "Double Ten Agreement" was signed, and the next day, Zhang Zhizhong returned to Yan'an with *** again.
In Yan'an, in order to thank Zhang Zhizhong for welcoming and sending off twice, the party organization held a grand banquet in Yan'an, and the next day, Zhang Zhizhong left Yan'an, accompanied him to the airport, and said to him seriously: "You are sincere in running for peace." ”
In February 1946, Zhang Zhizhong and others went to various places to inspect, and finally landed in Yan'an.
At this banquet, Zhang Zhizhong said: "This is the third time I have come to Yan'an, and when you write history in the future, don't forget to write the pen "Zhang Zhizhong went to Yan'an three times". After his words were finished, the audience applauded.
Someone asked Zhang Zhizhong at this time: "Your words are very good, we can write history, which means that we are successful, not defeated." ”
Zhang Zhizhong replied with a smile: "I never realized that the Communist Party would fail. ”
In June, Chiang Kai-shek sent Zhang Zhizhong to Xinjiang to govern Xinjiang, and on the eve of his departure, he specially came to see him off, and at the same time he told Zhang Zhizhong: "We have a group of comrades who were arrested by Sheng Shicai in Xinjiang, and their lives and deaths are still unknown. The release of political prisoners was proposed during the negotiations in Chongqing and was written into the Double Tenth Agreement. When you arrive in Xinjiang, you must try to rescue you. ”
When he came to Xinjiang, Zhang Zhizhong was very concerned about this matter, and after he sent someone to investigate the situation, he sent a report to Chiang Kai-shek: Sheng Shicai had arrested a number of CCP personnel in September 1942 and April 1943; Among them, the main personnel Chen Tanqiu, Mao **, and Lin Jilu were killed by Sheng Shicai in September 1943. The rest are ordinary people, mostly the elderly, weak, women and children, and the sick and disabled. This group of political prisoners** asked you to be released during the Chongqing peace talks, and you agreed. Please agree with them to go back to Yan'an. ”
Later, under Zhang Zhizhong's several urgings, Chiang Kai-shek agreed.
Among these people are Qu Qiubai's wife Yang Zhihua, Fang Zhimin's younger brother Fang Zhichun, etc., and many people became provincial-level cadres and ministers of organs after the founding of the People's Republic of China.
After the end of the three major battles in 1949, the defeat of the Kuomintang was assured, and Chiang Kai-shek was forced to go into the wilderness, proposed "peace talks", and handed over the mess to Li Zongren.
Zhang Zhizhong was appointed as the chief negotiator of the Kuomintang.
In this negotiation, Chiang Kai-shek did not approve, the peace talks failed, the People's Liberation Army crossed the river, Zhang Zhizhong was stranded in Beiping, he didn't know where to go, he always wanted to return to the Kuomintang, ** stopped him: "At the time of the Xi'an Incident, we were already sorry for a friend surnamed Zhang, and today we can't be sorry for your friend surnamed Zhang." ”
Zhang Zhizhong thus remained in Beijing.
At the new CPPCC meeting, Zhang Zhizhong was invited to participate, and once, in front of other leaders, he said: "This is a good friend of San'an, I want to invite him to take up a position in the people, what do you think?" ”
When others did not answer, Zhang Zhizhong first said: "We were responsible for the political power in the past stage, but now it has failed and become a thing of the past, and I should also become a thing of the past." ”
** Disagreeing with him: "The past stage is equivalent to the "Chinese New Year's Eve" from the date you made your statement, and you should start from the "first day of the new year" in the future. ”
Later, Zhang Zhizhong contributed to the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang, after the founding of New China, Zhang Zhizhong successively served as vice chairman of the Northwest Military and Political Commission, vice chairman of the National Defense Commission of the People's Republic of China.
In 1965, at the third session of the National People's Congress, Zhang Zhizhong was elected vice chairman of the National People's Congress, thus becoming a vice national level, and he was 75 years old this year.
In 1969, Zhang Zhizhong died of illness at the age of 79.