In ancient times, utensils were a symbol of power and status, and the drinking utensils used were different depending on the status. And due to the development of science and technology, the process materials of wine vessels have also undergone earth-shaking changes. In ancient times, the Neolithic period was backward in productivity, and there was no metallurgical technology, so the ancient inhabitants mostly used animal horns: stone tools as containers for drinking. However, it gradually became clear that such containers were cumbersome and inconvenient to use, so pottery was invented, and the evolution of sake vessels began in earnest.
In the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, the metallurgical industry began to develop, and the materials used to make wine vessels gradually changed to bronze, but there were still some wine vessels made of clay and lacquer and ivory wine vessels. During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, wine was mostly used as a drink for sacrificial and aristocratic pleasures, and there were strict regulations on the use of wine vessels by people of different ranks. The "觥" in the idiom "觥槥計", which is more well-known as the Shang and Zhou wine vessels.
During the Qin, Han, Wei and Jin dynasties, lacquerware was favored by drinkers for its exquisite appearance, and its appearance was no different from that of bronze wine vessels. The raw materials of lacquerware are taken from bamboo and wood, so it is lighter to use than the previous wine ware, and has become the favorite of the wine table in the Han Dynasty. In the Sui and Tang dynasties, productivity was greatly improved, the manufacturing industry developed rapidly, and all kinds of exquisite porcelain products entered thousands of households. The well-known treasure "luminous cup" is also a jade wine vessel from the Tang Dynasty. Tang Dynasty poet Wang Han wrote in "Liangzhou Ci"."Grape wine glow-in-the-dark cup, if you want to drink pipa, immediately urge". During the Tang Dynasty, the country's economy was strong and the people lived a prosperous life, so there were also many gold and silver wine vessels.
In the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, the types of wine vessels became diverse, and the development of porcelain wine vessels reached a peak period. People in the Song Dynasty liked to drink warm liquor, so they invented the injection and the injection bowl, the injection was filled with wine, the injection bowl was filled with hot water, and the injection was placed in the injection bowl to make the wine warm. In the Yuan Dynasty, there was a plum vase, with a variety of patterns. In the Ming Dynasty, the jade pots, spring bottles, plum bottles, holding pots, goblets and other wine vessels also have their own characteristics. The wine utensils of the Qing Dynasty did not change much compared with the Ming Dynasty, but in the Kangxi period, enamel colors imported from the West appeared. The use of enamel to paint on the glass tire is complicated and difficult to make, which is also the "Gu Yuexuan" porcelain used by the royal family.
In modern times, the productive forces have developed greatly, science and technology have been continuously improved, and a variety of wine products have appeared. There are retro and antique antique wine vessels, as well as crystal cups, glasses, plastic cups, etc., which are products of modern technology. Now the most common on the wine table is the glass wine dispenser and cup, because of its low cost, high practicability, so it has also become the best choice for modern people to drink liquor.
Youzes