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Mortars used by China during the Sino-Japanese War
In several wars in the 20th century, mortars accompanied infantry on the battlefield, and have always been widely equipped by countries as an extremely important conventional weapon for infantry. Until today, with the rapid development of weapons technology, mortars are still an indispensable equipment of the army. 
Type 82 mortar].
In the War of Resistance Against Japan, 82 mortars and 60 mortars were called the two major mortars in the Chinese battlefield.
The 82-type mortar of the squadron was the only one that could overwhelm the Japanese firepower at a relatively close range during the eight-year War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
It was the first 81 mm mortar in China in 1932 with reference to the French Blund 1930 type, which was successfully restructured by the Jinling Arsenal and named the first 20-year type 82 mm mortar.
The reason why the caliber of the mortar was changed from 81 mm to 82 mm was to take into account that the Japanese mortars were 81 mm caliber, and even if our ammunition was captured by the enemy on the battlefield, it could not be used.
The muzzle velocity, rate of fire and firing range of the gun are higher than the Japanese Type 97 mortar and its standard equipment 92 infantry gun, the Japanese 92 infantry gun rate of fire is 10 rounds per minute, the ordinary rate of fire of the 82 mortar is 18 rounds per minute, if necessary, up to 36 rounds; The suppressive firepower was significantly stronger than that of the Japanese 92 Artillery and the 94 Type 90 mm mortar; The shooting accuracy is much stronger than the Japanese Type 94 or even Type 97 mortars; Light weight, equivalent to one-third of the Japanese 94 mortar and a quarter of the 92 artillery, the Japanese 92 infantry gun needs to be disassembled into 3 parts to be transported by horses, or disassembled into 10 parts to be carried by 10 soldiers, and the 82 mortar can be disassembled into 3 parts, carried by 3 people and walked, which is convenient for the front-line infantry to carry.
Due to its high mobility, fast deployment, fast artillery firing, and fast transfer, it was difficult for Japanese artillery to capture and effectively suppress it. The disadvantage is that because the charge is only half a kilogram, the fuse will explode when triggered, and the ability to break through the fortification is poor. It is suitable for the defensive operations usually taken by the squadron, and the shrapnel can spread dozens of meters, which is quite lethal to personnel. 
60-mm mortar].
Since 1941, the squadron has been equipped with another type of ultra-light mortar, which is the **31-year 60mm mortar.
The 60 mm mortar of the squadron is to effectively suppress the grenadiers equipped by a large number of Japanese front-line troops, and solve the problem that the 82 mortar does not directly support the operation of the squad and platoon.
Most of its performance was superior to that of the Japanese grenadiers. The gun weighs only 18 kilograms, one person can carry a cannon on his back, carried by two people, each weighing only 9 kilograms, as a company-level support artillery, can follow the infantry platoon to fight, at any time to provide fire support to the front-line infantry, if necessary, like a grenadier, only one person can operate.
Its rate of fire is fast, 18 rounds per minute, faster than a grenadier; In particular, the gun has advanced sighting equipment and a stable gun mount, and the accuracy of shelling is much higher than that of grenadiers; 60-mm shells weigh 1About 5 kg, the charge and power are much larger than that of the grenadier canister, and the actual effective killing radius is about 20 meters, while the killing radius of the grenadier grenade is generally less than 10 meters, so that the squadron can suppress the artillery fire at close range has been greatly strengthened.
During the eight-year Anti-Japanese War, China made about 5,000 60-mm mortars, about 7,500 82 mortars, and produced more than 5.5 million mortar shells, while the Japanese 97-type mortars only produced more than 2,000 pieces, which made the mortars equipped by the infantry regiment of the National Army far exceed the number of mortars and 92 guns equipped by the Japanese brigade, and became the absolute artillery firepower pillar of the first team during the Anti-Japanese War. Article**: Heavy Army (ID: CQ-jungong).
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Information** on CCTV.
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