In the military history of the People's Liberation Army, there is a figure who is quite special. He from1929 yearHe joined the party and found another way, fromLiu ZhidanThe Red Army, which was joined, wasThe founder of the first armed Red Army in the North-West, but also during the War of LiberationColumn commander.
Together, such qualifications and titles are at least one of themLieutenant Generalyes, evenAdmiral。But this Commander Wang, but becauseOne defeat, and lost the qualification to participate in the award, until his death in his later years, he was not able to get any honor at the award ceremony.
This character that is difficult to evaluate isCommander of the Fourth Column of the Northwest Field ArmyWang Shitai
Compared with many high-profile generals in the Liberation War, Wang Shitai's name looks quite inconspicuous, but the team he joined back then was indeed a heroic team that made people have to shed tears.
As we know it in general,The Chinese Communist Party and the Red Army have been pressed in the south by reactionary warlords since the counter-revolutionary coup d'état of 412. And Liu Zhidan's Red Army in Northern Shaanxi was an accident within an accident. At that time, the Shaanxi and Gansu regions passed through the late Qing DynastyBack to chaosWarlord scuffle, plus years in a rowGreat drought, it has long been a difficult livelihood for the people. Not even a single grass root has not been chewed by the hungry for hundreds of kilometers, and the trees have been stripped of their skin.
However, Liu Zhidan succeeded in opening up the Shaanxi-Ganbian revolutionary base in this hot land when he completely lost contact with the Communist International and the Communist International, which is a miracle!
* It was only after crossing the grassland that the Red Army learned of the existence of Liu Zhidan's Red Army. And Liu Zhidan did not see the outside, and immediately handed over the leading power to the ** Red Army, and continued to fight against the Kuomintang together.
And in these two Red ArmyNorthern Shaanxi Divisiontime,Wang Shitai has been working in northern Shaanxi for 5 years
Like many of Liu Zhidan's generals, Wang Shitai is also in the teamEngaged in guerrilla warfareHe personally participated in the formation of the first Red Army armed force in the northwest region, long before the division in northern ShaanxiRegiment Commander
In the days that followed, Wang Shitai conscientiously contributed to the stability of the revolution until that day came.
At the time of the War of Liberation, many movies and TV series tend to be more prominentNortheast China, North China,andCentral Plains Field ArmyAfter all, they also annihilated the main elite of the **.
But the Northwest Field Army should not be forgotten either. Due to some geographical and religious problems, there is also the long-term wanton and wanton behavior of the Majia army in the northwest in this area. The three northwestern provinces have been short of materials for a long time, and even now, they are still an underdeveloped area with sparse population.
And as the commander-in-chief,Mr. Peng also broke in the northwest, this defeat was remembered by Mr. Peng and listed by him as his own life"Four major defeats".One of them, that's exactly what it isBattle of Xifu
And in the battle of Xifu, due toWang Shitai's mistake almost made *** captured by the Ma family bandits。It is conceivable that without Mr. Peng, the future battlefield to resist US aggression and aid Korea, as well as New China, will face many difficulties.
Before the Battle of Xifu, Hu Zongnan mobilized 250,000 ** troops to try to directly eat Yan'an, where I was located, as well as the entire base area in northern Shaanxi.
In order to allow the troops of other military regions to concentrate on development and operations, and at the same time to hold back Hu Zongnan's army, ** and *** and other important personnel decided to use themselves as bait and continue to maneuver with Hu Zongnan in the Mangmang Mountains of northern Shaanxi.
At this time, those who are responsible for guarding the security of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo base area areNorthwest Field Corps, which was later expanded into the Northwest Field Army. At the end of 1947, the size of the Northwest Field Army was no more than 750,000 people, 5 columns.
1948 year, the People's Liberation Army began to transfer under the instructions of the Military CommissionStrategic offensive posture, it is necessary to change from passive to active and strike at the enemy's living forces. Of course, this is not because the PLA is sure of victory, but because it is compelled to do soResources are going to be depletedpressure, the judgment of reality.
In the North-Western Field Army endedBattle of Yan'anAfter the mission, the establishment has been expanded to6 columns, butThe food problemIt was still not resolved, and with the imminent battle between Nakano and Huaye, the Northwest Field Army decided to continue to occupy Hu Zongnan's departmentLuochuan BaojiFront-line offense.
In the Luochuan Siege, the weakness of the Northwest Field Army's lack of offensive capabilities was exposed, and although two columns were mobilized, it failed to gnaw at the Pei Changhui Corps in Luochuan.
Seeing that the supply was tight, Mr. Peng had no choice but to turn aroundAttack Baoji, here is Hu Zongnan's logistics material transfer station, and there are not many defenders. Previously, due to the fear that the enemy would set a trap, Nishino had never considered directly attacking Baoji, but now he didn't care about that.
March 26, only to find out after the real start of the offensive that the battle situation was completely opposite to the previous estimatesThe enemy really didn't plant any traps in Baoji, Nishino's four columns conquered the city very smoothly. After a rough calculation,The massive amount of military supplies stored here is enough for the entire Northwest Field Army for one or two years.
But the bad news was not long in coming.
In the previous battle,Mr. Peng's judgmentAlways based on one foundation, that isThe Ma Jiajun in the northwest will inevitably have a disagreement with Hu Zongnan's ** army, it is impossible to carry out a coordinated attack. So all the while, Nishino's battles have often been fought withOne of the forcesFight.
But Baoji is an exception, this place is not only Hu Zongnan's material transfer station, but also Ma Jiajun's long-coveted fat. Now that Xiye has captured Baoji, it is equivalent to saying who will recapture itBaoji will belong to whomever it is
For a time, nearbyPei Changhui and Ma JiyuanWhen the enemy army actually rushed forward and pounced one after another, this was not out of any strategic consideration, but simply to grab territory.
The materials that Nishino has just obtained here have not yet been hot, so they have to face itOutnumbered enemy troops。And as we said before, Nishino's troops lacked firepower and had no supplies for a long time. Although it now sits on the city wall of Baoji, it cannot withstand the counterattack of such a large number of enemiesRetreat is inevitable
Although he was very reluctant to use these materials, Mr. Peng could only do itPlanting。During the retreat, the 4th and 6th columns of Nishino were responsible for the task of blocking and reinforcing the commanders of the 4th columnWang ShitaiBut in the face of an enemy army that is far superior to himself, he gave an unprecedented orderThe team retreats to save power。This allowed the Ma family bandit army to drive straight into the country with high mobility, evenof the headquarters could clearly hear the sound of horses' hooves nearby.
4. Unauthorized retreatNo allies were notified, which caught everyone on the battlefield off guard, caused a lot of **, and made the situation faced by the whole army more passive.
Thanks to the neighborhood2. Timely assistance, this is the only way to brave the huge ** and successfully cover the command to break out of the wave of the enemy.
Although the Northwest Field Army destroyed as many as 2 enemies in this battle10,000, but its own losses also have 150,000, which is equivalent to directOne column less。You must know that at this time, the Northwest Field Army had only 6 columns, and all of them were not yet formed.
In this battle, the whole army was defeatedA quarter of the combat power, and the supplies were not brought back, which was definitely a major failure.
Afterwards the reflection meeting,Mr. PengThe defeat of the battle was not entirely blamed on Wang Shitai, but was carried out firstSelf-criticism
Admittedly,The lack of analysis of the situation of Ma Jiajun and Hu Zongnan joining forces was the fundamental reason for the failure of this battle. In addition, the composition of the Northwest Field Army was too complicated, including the troops of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army in the past, the former Red Army of Northern Shaanxi, and some of the former Central Field troops that broke through from the Central Plains. These comrades from all over the world areNot yet fully familiar with coordinated operations, plusThe means of communication are backward, these are all objective problems that actually exist, and Wang Shitai cannot be blamed for all the faults.
But Wang Shitai did make mistakes, and in the past due to the long timeGuerrilla warfare, which made him and his troops very reluctant to engage in hard-to-head positional warfare with the enemy, which was especially fatal when serving as a blocking mission. When Mr. Peng talked about this at the meeting, he couldn't control his anger for a while, and he was so angry that he wanted to shoot him.
Therefore, it is imperative to change the blood of the 4 verticals as a whole, andWang Shitai and Huang Luobinand other high-ranking cadres, and also shoulder the responsibility for the mistakes made by the whole column.
Since then,Wang Shitai, a highly decorated general, was still active on the front line, but after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he took the initiative to retreat to the second line, so much so that he could not attend the award ceremony. Although the consequences of this are severe, it is also a helpless choice. The defeat of this battle led to the ** of countless soldiers, and if Wang Shitai was not properly punished, military discipline would not exist.