Dong Biwu's life can be said to have passed through five eras, he was born at the end of the Qing Dynasty, through the early days until the establishment of New China, and at the same time, he was also a high-profile leader in the early days of the Communist Party of China.
In the Chinese revolution at various historical stages, he always insisted on self-exploration and learning, and thus became one of the most attractive leading figures in China's revolution and construction.
When Dong Biwu was young, he studied poetry with his father in a private school, and at the age of 18, he was admitted to Xiucai with excellent results. However, his extreme dissatisfaction with the feudal bureaucracy prompted him to resolutely give up participating in the township examination and was determined to break free from the shackles of feudal society.
To show his determination, he changed his name from "Biwu" to "Biwu".
Dong Biwu experienced the first setback in his life in the failure of Yuan Shikai's restoration. In order to find a way to save the country, he traveled east to Japan, was admitted to the law department of Nihon University, met Sun Yat-sen, joined the Chinese Revolutionary Party and became the Chinese Kuomintang.
The process rekindled his hope, and although the road was tortuous, he firmly believed that the future was bright. While studying in Japan, he began to come into contact with and believe in Marxism-Leninism.
After returning to China, he applied what he had learned to practice and opened a law firm, which was actually his cover. He hated bureaucracy and warlordism and participated in the work of the Western Emperor, but his comrade-in-arms Cai Jimin was shot dead soon after, which strengthened his determination to explore the road to national salvation and became a Marxist.
When he found a way to save the country, he devoted himself to practice, and no matter how big the challenge was, Dong Biwu was firm in his belief and persevered. This is where his unique personality comes in.
He chose this path, not in pursuit of power and wealth, but because he believed that only in this way could his faith be realized. As for those worldly material interests, they have long been insignificant to him.
Dong Biwu's firm belief and bravery are admirable. Between December 1926 and January 1927, Chiang Kai-shek twice sent people with letters and money to try to ** Dong Biwu, but Dong Biwu always insisted on his beliefs and was not subject to any **.
He had the courage to expose Chiang Kai-shek's unfavorable statements and openly opposed them. Dong Biwu's noble character and firm belief have not only influenced himself, but also many people.
Although Dong Biwu was nearly half a hundred years old, during the Long March, he still chose the heaviest physical work, leading women cadres and the wounded and sick forward. As one of the early founders of the Chinese Communist Party, he always insisted on justice and equality, and was unwilling to enjoy any privileges.
On the road of revolution, Dong Biwu became an outstanding leader on the hidden front with his outstanding leadership skills and well-thought-out strategy. Under his leadership, two secret agents, Guo Rugui and Han Liancheng, although not members of the Communist Party, both achieved remarkable achievements.
In the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Guo Rugui won the appreciation of Chen Cheng and Chiang Kai-shek many times with his outstanding command skills, and was finally promoted to the director of the Operations Department of the Kuomintang Ministry of National Defense.
Under the leadership of Dong Biwu, he always adhered to his beliefs, and did not give up even in front of ** Houlu. He made great contributions in the Battle of Laiwu and the Battle of Huaihai.
Han Liancheng is also Dong Biwu's right-hand man, and with his excellent latent ability, he was promoted to the commander of the 46th Army of the Kuomintang, with a prominent position. In the Battle of Laiwu, he successfully disappeared, resulting in the entire 46th Army being left without command, successfully delaying Li Xianzhou's breakthrough time, and was finally annihilated.
The victory of the Huaihai Battle shocked the world, in addition to Su Yu's superb tactics, Dong Biwu's hidden front also contributed a lot.
* He once shouted: "A letter and a telegram from Dong Lao are better than 100,000 horses!" Such an outstanding leader, but never thinks about personal gains and losses, and shows the personality charm of "honesty, self-discipline, diligence and thrift" to the fullest.
From the time he left his hometown until the founding of New China, this important leader carried with him half a patched blanket, and this precious historical relic is now treasured by the National Museum.
During the Anti-Japanese War, he wore many hats, and was also one of the seven members of the Communist Party of China in the National Political Participation Council, and his monthly salary of hundreds of yuan was all given to the organization, and he himself wore only the most ordinary leather shoes and top hats, which was enough for him.
Dong Biwu's wife also devoted herself to the revolutionary cause, influenced by Dong Biwu, she also firmly believed, after the founding of New China, Mrs. Dong entered the Supreme People's Court, and the organization raised her salary, but Dong Biwu resolutely refused.
He told his wife: "Our country is still in difficulty, and with the benefits, the masses should be allowed to enjoy it first." "Dong Biwu has been fighting for the country all his life and has never enjoyed anything.
In his early years, his family lived a turbulent life because of his revolutionary cause. Although he had resentments when he was working in the Kuomintang region, he always adhered to the overall situation, was broad-minded, only thought about the country, and never let his family be contaminated.
When Wang Ching-wei staged a counter-revolutionary coup, Dong Biwu's friend Li Hanjun expressed dissatisfaction with the actions of the Kuomintang. In the face of major decisions, Dong Biwu and Li Hanjun were frank with each other, hoping that he could stay and contribute to the country.
Lee Han-jun, in an extremely harsh and complex environment, waged an unremitting struggle with his legal position and made many contributions to the revolution. He once arranged for Han Liancheng to carry out a special task: in the cooperation between the Communist Party of China and the Kuomintang, he hoped that Han could unite all the forces that could be united in the Kuomintang and make contributions to the country and the anti-Japanese united front.
At the same time, Dong Biwu's non-party friends, such as Yang Xiandong and He Yudao, also worked for the party in various ways after accepting Dong Biwu's help, and even sacrificed their lives.
Dong Biwu won many friends with his broad mind and sincere attitude, and his broad mind was fully reflected in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation.
The historical moment of the founding ceremony will always be remembered. At that moment, ** Lin Boqu and Dong Biwu stood side by side with the chairman, and the particularity of this position fully demonstrated the important position of Dong Biwu.
He is a close comrade-in-arms of ***, and he has always been the person who cares about the chairman. In 1959, at the second National People's Congress, Dong Biwu was elected vice president.
At all stages of the revolution, Dong Biwu has always been the focus of attention. Chiang Kai-shek's combination of hard and soft could not shake him, and his prestige on the hidden front was little known, but he didn't mind, because he didn't care about the so-called"seats"。
He once famously said,"Be willing to be a servant of the people and be ashamed of an official"He has always insisted that cadres should not regard themselves as officials, let alone put on official authority and speak official words in front of the masses, and should always remember their roles.
For himself, he usually compares himself to"Cloth head"with"Dragon set"。"Cloth head"The meaning is very simple, Dong Biwu always thinks that he is just an ordinary member of the revolutionary team, as long as there is a need, the party puts him in **, he should go**, and should not care about personal gains and losses, just like on the Long March.
He does not distinguish between high and low work, and is willing to do his duty in any position and do a good job silently. Although he is not as famous, his spirit and sense of responsibility are recognized.
As Gu Gong mentioned in "I Was in Love When I Was Young" about a small incident about Dong Biwu, you can see his open-minded character. In Mei Lanfang's performance at the Chang'an Grand Theater in 1949, many famous leaders were coming.
Gu is a member of the performance committee of the National Cultural Congress, responsible for guiding the audience to take their seats in an orderly manner. His leader specifically told him before that only ** committee members could sit in the box in the front row of the upstairs.
Gu Gong manages the seats, and knows the rules behind the seats, and there is no room for error. Huang Zhen, a member of the presidium of the Cultural Congress, greeted him, and before he could sit down, Gu Gong stepped forward to explain the seating arrangement; The movie star of the year, Bai Yang, also came, for Gu Gong, he was an idol worthy of admiration, as soon as he saw that Bai Yang was going to sit in the wrong position, Gu Gong immediately stepped forward to explain.
Immediately afterwards, an old man with gray hair also walked over, he looked at his seat, and walked slowly to the front row. Although he didn't know the old man, Gu Gong still stepped forward and whispered to him: "This is the seat of the ** committee member, you need to sit back." ”
When the old man heard this, he immediately apologized, as if he thought it was a very disrespectful thing to sit in the wrong seat, and then he walked slowly to the back seat.
Gu Gong didn't think much about it, because he was not the only one who sat in the wrong seat among the people present. After everything was ready, he and the staff patiently waited for the arrival of the ** leader.
The admirable *** also came, he stood in the front row, waving to the people present. However, in the process, he found the old man sitting in the last row.
Gu Gong looked at this scene, and the great leader *** stood in the front row and shouted loudly: "Old Dong, come here!" At this time, Gu Gong suddenly realized that who else could be called "Dong Lao" by ***, except for Dong Biwu?
So, Dong Lao stood up, walked to the front row, helped him sit down, and talked to him happily.
At this moment, Gu Gong felt even more embarrassed, and at the same time deeply confused, why didn't Dong Lao express it directly? In the course of the revolution for many years, Dong Lao had already given an explanation.
After the liberation of the whole country, 70-year-old Dong Biwu visited 28 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions of the motherland.
Everywhere he goes, he will record the affairs closely related to the country and the people's lives, if it can be solved immediately, he will deal with it immediately, and if it cannot be solved immediately, he will write a report to ** after returning to Beijing.
Dong Biwu took on the important responsibility of being the director of the disaster relief committee in places where floods and droughts frequently occurred, and he stressed the need to take emergency measures to ensure the smooth progress of disaster relief work with an attitude of absolute responsibility for the people's livelihood, and no one should be allowed to starve to death.
Dong Biwu has always had an indifferent attitude towards fame and fortune towards his position, and he made full use of his position to do practical things for the masses. In 1957, after visiting Hainan Island, he wrote a poem, and a middle school teacher in Zhan County, Guangdong Province also published a poem, which happened to be seen by Dong Biwu.
Since then, they have maintained a friendship by letter for 18 years.
Before his death, Dong Lao was still concerned about the lives of the people of Gansu, and his beliefs were firm and he pursued the truth all his life. He passed away peacefully on April 2, 1975.
Hearing the news of the departure of his old comrades-in-arms, ** did not eat all day and was immersed in grief. He used a tape recorder to listen to "He Bridegroom" repeatedly, and finally changed the sentence "You go, Hugh review!" ”
to express his deep reluctance to his old comrades-in-arms. The spirit of Dong Lao will always live in our hearts.