The history of the development of the shipbuilding industry in India.
India's shipbuilding industry started before China. India was a British colony in the United Kingdom, and it was a major shipbuilding center. Especially in places like Kolkata and Mumbai, India, as a major shipbuilding and manufacturing center, has absorbed a lot of technology and capital from Europe and the region. After gaining independence, India actively promoted the development of its shipbuilding industry. In the sixties and seventies of the last century, India introduced a set of guidelines and measures to promote the development of its shipbuilding industry. This involves the establishment of a national shipping company, the provision of loans and technical support, and the promotion of the renewal and renewal of domestic shipbuilding enterprises. India's shipbuilding industry experienced a period of rapid growth between 1980 and 1990. Worldwide, due to the booming maritime market, Indian shipyards have received many overseas orders, especially for vessels from Europe and North America. At the same time, India has also stepped up its support for its shipbuilding industry, which has improved its design and manufacturing capabilities. India's shipbuilding industry continues to grow steadily in the 21st century. Due to the low cost, Indian shipyards have received a large number of orders from many countries, especially for relatively simple vessels such as cargo ships. India's seaborne exports have increased significantly, from $25 million in 2002 to $7 billion in 2015.
Why is Russia building ships in India.
Russia, from a realistic point of view, bought 24 large ships at once. India is the world's largest shipbuilding country and has a strong foundation in shipbuilding. In addition, India has more advantages and more experience in shipbuilding than China. In addition, Russia's procurement of ships from India is also an important diplomatic strategy. Russia wants to establish a partnership with India, but at the same time it does not want India to completely side with the United States in order to attract India. India is a major country in South Asia, and its geographical location is becoming more and more prominent. In order to prevent China's influence on India, the United States is trying to deepen its ties with it. Russia wants to maintain its influence in South Asia while preventing India from acting as an ally of the United States. Russia's partnership with India can strengthen ties with India while maintaining some strategic equilibrium in South Asia. Moreover, Russia has a lot of rupees in their hands, and they have to spend their money in India. India is a large country with huge economic power and a vast market for needs, with many items that can be traded in rupees.
Favorable conditions and constraints for the development of the shipbuilding industry in India.
India has some favorable conditions in terms of shipbuilding. First of all, Indian shipyards have cheaper labour**, which makes it more competitive around the world. Secondly, India's shipbuilding industry has been highly valued by the state, and the state has issued a series of industrial development plans to promote the development and upgrading of the shipbuilding industry. In addition, the Indian shipyard has the ability to source the required parts and equipment from the global market, which has increased the company's technical and financial flexibility.
However, India's shipbuilding industry has also encountered many difficulties. First of all, it is very difficult for India to build a super-mega ship. The manufacture of mega cargo ships requires a higher level of technology and a more complete industrial base, which India lacks. Secondly, India also lacks the production of high-end vessels, such as the construction of Ro-Ro ships. This type of vessel requires a more sophisticated design and production process, an area in which India has less technology and experience. Although India has made some achievements in shipbuilding, there is still a big gap compared with the world's major shipbuilding countries.
A summary of your own ideas and experiences.
China is the world's largest shipbuilding country, and is at the forefront of the world in terms of output and technology. However, India's shipbuilding industry has been moving forward and is starting to appear in front of the world. Part of the reason why Russia buys ships from India is that India has a lot of shipbuilding technology and related manufacturing experience, and its cost is relatively low. Russia, on the other hand, wants to strengthen economic cooperation with India in order to maintain stability in South Asia. The answer is only one perspective, not all.