Original:
The benevolent person, the relatives of people, have a heart of mercy and compassion, so that it can be born.
BenevolenceThis word easily reminds us of Confucianism represented by Confucius, who spoke of "benevolence" on many occasions, and many of Confucius's students also asked Confucius for advice on what "benevolence" is.
In the Analects, we can see that Confucius spoke differently about "benevolence" to students of different levels or realms.
Western religion speaks".Charity"We traditionally speak".Kindness
There is an idiom called "the kindness of a woman", how to explain it? The explanation given in the encyclopedia is: it refers to the benevolent heart of women, which is a metaphor for indecisiveness, giving small favors and small favors, and ignorance of the general situation.
In fact, in life, we will find that mothers generally take special care of the weaker one of their children.
The corresponding father role is generally to prefer the child who is outstanding, can be a role model for siblings, and can inherit the family.
Therefore, is it understandable that one is to sympathize with and take care of the weak, and the other is to flaunt and support the strong.
There is another sentence in the Tao Te Ching:Heaven and earth are unkind, and all things are used as dogs; The saints are unkind, and they use the people as dogs
The word benevolence, according to the word construction, is "two" + "person", which can be understood as the two respect each other and combine as "benevolence". Heaven and earth, heaven and earth, yin and yang, can not be combined, then there is no everything, so-called".Heaven and earth are intertwined, and all things are connected", which should also be".TransportationThe origin of the word. Therefore, when heaven and earth are combined, all things can add to the brilliance of heaven and earth.
If the saints are not compatible, then the people under the saints will be as humble as the "dogs" used for the sacrificial rites of the grass, or even be abandoned.
There is another saying here for your reference, that is, "the saint is not benevolent", and the meaning of "no" here is the same as "cloth", which means that the saint is based on the nature of the people, and "cloth" is benevolent. The dog represents self-nature, similar to the nature of Taoism.Whether the saints are compatible or not is determined by heaven and earth; Whether heaven and earth are in harmony is determined by the "Tao", which can give birth to all things, punish all things, and destroy all things.
Ren corresponds to the "wood" of the five elements in the "Five Constants", and the main one is born and grows.
The benevolent are the relatives of the people
Therefore, the saints who can fit together carry the Dao, assist the Dao, take care of all things born of the Dao, and let them grow and reproduce according to the setting of the "Dao", so they must be people who love the people, and then people will also be close to the saints.
Kindness, the text is explained as: love also. It should be "love" from top to bottom.
Buddhism Yun: There is no cause for great compassion, and there is great compassion in the same body. It means that there is no fate, and you can "love" without asking for anything in return.
The Tao Te Ching also says: I have the Three Treasures, hold on to them; One dayKindness；Second, it is said to be thrifty; Third, he didn't dare to be the first in the world.
So,KindnessIt should be all the essence and nature of a saint.
Have a heart of mercy and compassion to give birth to it.
Compassion, generally refers to the sympathy and compassion that arises from seeing people encounter misfortunes.
Mencius has clouds:Compassion is the end of benevolence；The heart of shame is also the end of righteousness; The heart of resignation, the end of courtesy; The heart of right and wrong, the end of wisdom.
We often say:Compassion is shared by everyone。It means that this is the nature of human beings, and giving full play to these natures is the good end of "benevolence".
Like a loving mother, the saint nurtures, loves, and takes care of her children, and does not see any unsatisfactory or suffering from them. Everything he does is to take care of his children in every possible way, so that they can grow up healthily in the way expected by the Tao.
Therefore, to be able to fit with the saints, assist".tract"They take care of all things, they love all things, they love all things, and people draw near to them.
At the same time, they have to pay great patience, love, and hardship to complete the tasks given by the "Tao", and they will continue to live and grow.
Original:
The righteous are suitable for people, reward the good and punish the evil, and make meritorious deeds.
It is recorded in the History of the Song Dynasty that he was a writer and a national hero in the Southern Song DynastyWen TianxiangAfter the righteousness, the following text was found in the belt of his clothes:
Kong said to be benevolent, Meng said to take righteousness, but its righteousness is exhausted, so benevolence is to the end. What do you learn when you read the books of the sages? Now and then, you are almost worthy of it!
In this text, we can see Wen Tianxiang's heroic righteousness, and we can also see the influence of benevolence and righteousness on people, because after all, one of the two is called a saint and the other is called a saint.
And then there is, corresponding to what was said earlier, benevolence is the body, and righteousness is the use. Therefore, Wen Tianxiang will say: Only his righteousness is exhausted, so he is benevolent.
Benevolence is the basic principle that a saint and a gentleman should follow.
Meng said that "taking righteousness" is from "Mencius: Confession I": Life, also what I want; Righteousness is also what I want, and I can't have both, and those who sacrifice their lives to take righteousness are also.
It can be seen that in Mencius's thought, righteousness is greater than life.
Mencius said, "Benevolence is also the heart of the people; Righteousness, human road also. Abandon their way and let go of their hearts, and don't know how to ask, alas! ”
Mencius. Righteousness: suitable, suitable.
Let people know what is suitable and what is appropriate, this is what saints and gentlemen should do at all times. Those who have done something appropriate should be encouraged and praised, and those who have done inappropriate things should be criticized, stopped, and corrected.
Only in this way will all things not encounter danger and disaster, and thus develop in the direction of following the "Tao".
And unrighteous people will not care about the principle of legitimacy and the principle of suitability for others, they only care about their own interests, so in the "Analects" it is said: The gentleman is said to be righteous, and the villain is to be profitable.
What exists is not necessarily reasonable, so the sage and gentleman assist the "Tao" to manage all things, and with a benevolent and righteous heart, they must reveal what is good and what is evil.
Good here should not mean good, and evil does not mean hateful.
The Tao Te Ching says: Heaven has no relatives and good people.
Here's a meaning.
As mentioned earlier, virtue is to act in accordance with the Tao, while goodness is to act in accordance with the Tao and do it better.
We also often say one word: God rewards hard work. Then diligence here can be understood as following the Tao and doing it better, and being willing to give more and do more.
That's why the way of heaven will".remuneration"Him.
Therefore, the sage and gentleman talk about benevolence and righteousness, "reward" those who are good, flaunt them, and let all things know that this is "righteousness", so as to imitate them, so that all things can get their own desires.
At the same time, it is necessary to punish those who are "evil", so that all things know what cannot be touched, and what is not "righteous", if the ill-gotten wealth is not desirable, it must be "punished".
This is also the source of the formation of Legalism.
Rewarding the good and punishing the evil is to guide everyone to do things from good, so that all things will return to their place, do not interfere with each other, achieve each other, and secure their destiny.
So the world is peaceful, the voices of chickens and dogs are heard, and the old and dead do not get along.
In this way, for the saints and gentlemen who assist the "Tao" to act, they can be regarded as having completed their tasks (mission, destiny) excellently, and they will have merit in the Great Dao, and in the world, the hearts of the people will belong, and they will also have a career.
For example, Zhang Liang assisted Liu Bang in establishing the Han Dynasty, which was regarded as a meritorious achievement in the world, and was canonized as a marquis.
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