Since crane girders are one of the commonly used equipment in large industrial plants and port facilities, their reliability is critical for industrial production and personal safety. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out reliability appraisal of the crane girder. This paper will focus on the topic of crane girder reliability identification, and introduce the basic concepts, methods, steps and precautions of crane girder reliability identification.
First, the basic concept.
Crane girder reliability appraisal refers to the process of comprehensively evaluating the structural performance, use status and safety of crane girders. By inspecting the appearance, size, material, weld, bolt connection, etc. of the crane girder, as well as testing its bearing capacity, fatigue life, corrosion resistance, etc., the reliability and safety of the crane girder can be determined, and the guarantee for industrial production and personal safety can be provided.
2. Identification methods.
1.Visual inspection: Conduct a visual inspection of the appearance of the crane girder to see if there are cracks, deformation, rust and other phenomena.
2.Dimensional measurement: Use the measurement tool to measure the dimensions of the key parts of the crane girder and compare it with the design drawings.
3.Material testing: The material composition and mechanical properties of the crane girder are tested by sampling, laboratory testing and other methods.
4.Weld detection: X-ray, ultrasonic and other non-destructive testing methods are used to detect the weld of the crane girder to see if there are welding defects.
5.Bolt connection detection: check the tightness of the bolt connection on the crane girder to ensure that the connection is firm and reliable.
6.Bearing capacity test: Static load and dynamic load test are carried out on the crane girder to test its bearing capacity and fatigue life.
7.Corrosion resistance test: The corrosion resistance of the crane girder is tested by salt spray test and other methods.
3. Identification steps.
1.Collect data: Collect relevant information such as design drawings, manufacturing processes, and use records of crane beams.
2.On-site inspection: On-site inspection of the crane girder, including visual inspection, dimensional measurement, etc.
3.Material testing: Conduct material testing to obtain data on the composition and mechanical properties of materials.
4.Non-destructive testing: The non-destructive testing method is used to inspect the welds and bolt connections of the crane beams.
5.Load-bearing capacity test: Load-bearing capacity test, including static load and dynamic load test.
6.Corrosion Resistance Test: Corrosion Resistance Test, including salt spray test, etc.
7.Preparation of report: Prepare an appraisal report according to the inspection results to evaluate the reliability and safety of the crane girder.
8.Report review: Review the appraisal report to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the report.
9.Report submission: Submit the appraisal report to the relevant units or individuals to provide a basis for their decision-making.
4. Precautions.
1.Before the identification, the relevant information of the crane girder should be comprehensively collected to understand its design, manufacture and use.
2.Appropriate inspection methods and tools should be selected during on-site inspections to ensure that the inspection results are accurate and reliable.
3.For defective or damaged crane girders, repair or replacement measures should be taken in time to avoid safety accidents.
4.Appropriate test methods and equipment should be selected for load-bearing capacity testing and corrosion resistance testing to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results.
5.The appraisal report should record the inspection results and analysis results in detail, and evaluate the reliability and safety of the crane girder. At the same time, the report should focus on objectivity and impartiality, and avoid exaggerating or minimizing the actual situation.