With the continuous improvement of people's quality of life, the awareness of eye health of middle-aged and elderly people has gradually strengthened, in the process of understanding the knowledge of eye diseases and seeking solutions, they will inevitably be affected by misunderstandings such as "white spots on the whites of the eyes are cataracts" and "cataracts can be relieved by massage", and they have failed to receive scientific and professional health education and education in time. On the occasion of the Spring Festival, I hope to send a health wish through the following knowledge popularization to help middle-aged and elderly friends avoid eye health misunderstandings, maintain good eyesight, and have a happy year!
Cataracts do not turn white until they are fully ripe, but they should not wait until they are ripe.
Cataract is a common eye disease in middle-aged and elderly people, and the pupil** is pale yellow and medium yellow in the early and middle stages of the disease, and the color gradually deepens with the development of the disease, and will not turn white until it is fully mature. If there are white spots on the whites of the eyes or the black of the eyes, it is likely to be caused by palpebral fissures, gium or corneal lesions. In addition, cataracts cannot be relieved by massage, and the effect of eye massage is limited to relieving eye fatigue, but we do not recommend middle-aged and elderly friends to massage the eyeballs directly, because it is easy to cause problems such as retinal tears or even detachment and suspensory ligament relaxation. At this stage, the only effective way to cataract is surgery, if you want to improve myopia, astigmatism, presbyopia and other refractive problems at the same time, you can solve it through refractive cataract surgery, but you must be accurately planned by doctors before, during and after surgery to achieve the ideal effect.
Before surgery, the doctor will ask about the patient's medical history in detail, and understand the patient's eye needs according to the patient's occupational nature, interests and hobbies, such as precision watch instrument engineers need good near vision, IT industry workers need good middle vision, etc.; At the same time, the doctor will confirm whether the patient's eye condition matches the eye needs through the results of the eye examination, so as to determine the type and power of the intraocular lens. During the operation, the surgeon will use advanced technical equipment such as navigation and femtosecond to ensure the accuracy and stability of intraocular lens implantation. After the operation, the surgeon will also pay attention to the patient's adaptation and optimize and refine the possible problems. Nowadays, cataract surgery technology is very mature, and it is recommended to undergo surgery when the visual function cannot meet the needs of work and life.
Patients with high myopia have early onset of cataracts, and the axial length affects the ** scheme.
In China, among the many causes of cataract, in addition to the most common age, high myopia is also one of the main ones. Moreover, patients with high myopia tend to have an earlier onset of the disease, which is related to the specificity of their ocular anatomy. Our team found that due to the longer eye axis and larger eye space in patients with high myopia, the vitreous liquefaction time is early, and it is difficult to prevent the oxygen in the retinal blood vessels from diffusing around the lens, so the oxidative damage to the lens increases, resulting in early cataracts. Like other cataract patients, patients with high myopia should also undergo cataract surgery.
When performing cataract surgery for patients with high myopia, doctors will focus on the calculation of the power of the intraocular lens, the condition of the eye, and the rational choice of intraocular lens. However, due to the different axial lengths of patients with high myopia, the choice of intraocular lens varies. If the patient does not have an extra-long eye axis, a multifocal intraocular lens can be implanted if all the indicators are met, and the state of being close to the lens can be reached. If the patient's eye axis is too long, it means that the risk of complications such as retinopathy, optic nerve disease, and glaucoma is greater, and it is recommended to implant a monofocal intraocular lens considering the postoperative effect, patient feelings and other factors.
Presbyopia is not limited to the option of "wearing reading glasses", and there are new options for intervention.
Another common eye problem for middle-aged and elderly people is presbyopia, the traditional way to cope with presbyopia is to wear reading glasses, but with the improvement of people's requirements for life convenience and external image, especially some myopic people can not bear the inconvenience of switching back and forth between two pairs of glasses, and want to try more comfortable and convenient solutions. Fortunately, the development of science and technology has provided more and better means and technologies for this goal, and lens replacement surgery to solve presbyopia, myopia, and cataract has become a new intervention option for them in addition to wearing glasses. However, for presbyopia patients aged 40-50, the lens at this age is not completely clouded, so it is necessary to strictly control the conflict between the degree of presbyopia and the needs of the eyes when making surgical decisions, and comprehensively evaluate the benefits brought by the surgery.
At the same time, I also advise patients to pay attention to eye disease self-examination in their daily life. How to achieve self-examination of cataracts? Middle-aged and elderly friends can cover the left and right eyes respectively to feel the clarity of monocular vision, if the vision is blurred and cannot be improved after wearing glasses, it is important to seek medical attention in time. Age-related macular degeneration can be self-examined by observing the Amsler grid table, and if the grid is distorted or missing when looking at the center point of the grid, macular degeneration may be present. One of the manifestations of glaucoma is visual field defects, so it is also possible to observe whether the visual field of both eyes is complete by covering the left and right eyes separately, so that glaucoma can be detected in advance.
In the new year, I hope that all middle-aged and elderly friends will join hands with us to pay attention to eye health, prevent and control eye diseases through scientific means, and jointly create a clearer and brighter life. I wish you all a happy new year, health and happiness!