Many people actually don't know what a graduate student is and what a graduate supervisor is. So much so that I can't understand why some teachers are derelict in their duties; I can't comment on the level of some graduate students. What's more, they mistakenly believe that graduate students will definitely make a lot of money, so blindly studying for graduate school is a waste of time and energy.
Let's focus on the student, because if you understand the responsibilities of the students, you will understand the responsibilities of the teacher or tutor. To understand what a graduate student is, you must first understand what a middle school student and an undergraduate student are.
Responsibilities of secondary school students: LearnAll kinds of disciplinesThe basic knowledge of language, mathematics, English, science, chemistry, biology, history, geography, law, politics, etc.
Secondary education is secondary education, which is general education, not vocational education. Middle school knowledge is a lot of subjects, but it is very shallow. Secondary school graduates are not allowed to work in professional jobs, for example, high school graduates with high scores in physics are generally not qualified for physics jobs, such as electrician work.
You can't work as an electrician directly after graduating from high school, and being an electrician requires special training.
Secondary school students are not involved in the innovation of knowledge, i.e. they do not produce new knowledge.
Responsibilities of Undergraduate Students:Learn systematically and deeplyA certain type of disciplineMature knowledge to prepare for a certain type of career.
University education is higher education and is vocational education. University knowledge is a single subject, but it is very deep. College graduates can work professionally. For example, students in the Department of Physics can be taught physics in middle school and enter various factories and companies that require physics knowledge. However, they are not qualified for professions and occupations with high requirements for innovation. Those who have gained the ability to innovate through self-study and practice are not considered.
University education is vocational education.
College students are not involved in the innovation of knowledge and do not produce new knowledge.
Responsibilities of a Graduate Student:Learn more deeply about a certain type of subjectA small areaknowledge, master research methods, and generate new knowledge. New knowledge is generally expressed in the form of journals**.
It is important to remember that the main goal of graduate training is to develop science and technology, academics, etc., not to provide a lucrative career. If you are not interested in academics or innovation, you should be cautious when choosing to study in graduate school. If you want to improve yourself, you can choose to study for a master's degree and then engage in practical research, but you should be cautious when considering a doctorate, because a doctorate is already mainly for academics.
Compared with undergraduates, graduate students are competent in majors and careers that require more innovation.
The ability to conduct scientific research and innovate knowledge is something that graduate students have, but undergraduate and middle school students do not. is the essential difference between them. Ignoring those who have gained the ability to innovate through self-study and practice, they are already equivalent to graduate school.
Secondary schools and universities evaluate students based on test scores.
It is generally used when evaluating undergraduate and middle school studentsTest scores。When evaluating graduate students, it is generally usedJournal**, and what they masterResearch methods。For graduate students, test scores have become unimportant.
Graduate students evaluate students by journals.
Graduate students are divided into master's and doctoral degrees.
Compared with a master's degree, the field of doctoral research is smaller and the innovation requirements are greater. In this way, a Ph.D. is a person with advanced knowledge, research ability, and innovative results in a very small field.
The range of disciplines and the requirements for innovation for secondary school students, undergraduates, masters, and PhDs can be represented in the diagram below.
Illustration of middle school students, undergraduates, masters, and doctors.
Middle school students have a wide range of subjects and shallow knowledge; Undergraduate students have a narrow range of disciplines and deep knowledge; The scope of master's disciplines is narrower and there are requirements for innovation; The Ph.D. has the narrowest range of disciplines and the highest requirements for innovation.
Although the knowledge of the doctoral degree is more than that of the undergraduate, the professional knowledge is not broad at all, and the scope is very narrow, but very deep. Maybe replace "Dr." with ".Shenshi"Maybe more than that.
Responsibilities of a Graduate Supervisor:Instruct graduate students to quickly enter a small field of a discipline for research, including: guiding graduate students to master scientific research methods, helping to choose research topics, helping to overcome difficulties in scientific research, and helping students present innovative results, such as journals.
The supervisor has the responsibility of guidance, not to ask the supervisor to specifically study the small topic of the graduate student.
Failure to provide dedicated guidance, or asking graduate students to do work unrelated to their topic, is a dereliction of duty on the part of the supervisor.
Because graduate students and supervisors have the responsibility to create new knowledge, they must follow academic ethics, especially not academic fraud.
Revocation by a journal for academic fraud**.
Myth 1: If you have good academic performance in middle school and undergraduate, you will have strong ability in graduate school.
Analysis 1: Good grades in middle school and undergraduate only indicate that students have a good ability to master known knowledge, but do not indicate that they have strong innovation ability. The ability of graduate students is mainly evaluated by their ability to innovate, and it is much more reasonable to judge by whether they publish in journals**.
Myth 2: Great graduate students are great in any field.
Analysis 2: Powerful graduate students are only outstanding in the small field they study, and they are not superior in any field.
Myth 3: Graduate students are guaranteed to earn a high salary.
Analysis 3: Whether you get a high salary depends on the needs of society, and many academic studies do not have much money. Many creators of advanced knowledge are not pursuing money, such as many two-bomb and one-star fathers, the backbone of great powers, and so on.
After graduating from graduate school, instead of engaging in pure academics, you can make a lot of money by turning to key technologies that enterprises need, such as Huawei technicians. Don't look down on graduate students who are engaged in academics and don't have much money, they may be famous in history.
Myth 4: Supervisors should teach graduate students the basics by hand.
Analysis 4: Many basic knowledge needs to be taught by graduate students on their own, and the responsibility of the supervisor is to guide scientific research. The supervisor said that what basic knowledge should be possessed, and graduate students should study on their own.
Myth 5: A mentor should do everything in every detail.
Analysis 5: The supervisor is only responsible for guiding and stimulating the innovation passion of the graduate students. Letting go appropriately can stimulate the creativity of graduate students even more.
Myth 6: Supervisors must be better than graduate students.
Analysis 6: Not necessarily. Judging their level of proficiency depends entirely on the new knowledge of their contribution to society. Tutors may know certain research methods, basic knowledge, before students, but students may be luckier when it comes to discovering new knowledge.
What do you think about a PhD that hasn't graduated in eight years?
If there is no journal publication, then it means that there is a lack of innovative new knowledge. It is normal not to get a doctoral diploma, but you cannot be called a doctor without a doctoral diploma.
Journal** publications are required to apply for a Ph.D. degree.
What do you think of Dr. Sun, who wanders in the United States?
See the quality of the journals he publishes; It also depends on his ranking in the ** signature, such as whether he is the first author, etc. The performance of undergraduate and secondary schools is completely negligible, because we evaluate the high-level ability of the doctorate.
Dr. Sun's ** performance is not too good.
How to evaluate Professor Huang, who was jointly reported by students?
He is suspected of academic fraud and coercion of graduate students for academic fraud. One of the responsibilities of graduate students and professors is to create new knowledge for humanity, and if this new knowledge is fake, then how serious the consequences are.
Treatment of Professor Wong.