The frequency and method of fertilizing corn depends on a variety of factors, including planting conditions, soil fertility, climatic conditions, and corn variety. Here are some general guidelines for fertilizing corn:
1. Fertilization period: The fertilization period of corn is usually divided into several key stages:
1.1. Pre-sowing (basal fertilizer): The fertilizer applied before sowing, usually including organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, is to provide the nutrients needed for the whole growth period of corn.
1.2. When sowing (seed fertilizer): The fertilizer applied near the seed or at the same time with the seed is mainly used for the nutrients required for the growth of seedlings.
1.3. Top dressing at the seedling stage: corn needs little fertilizer at the seedling stage, and it is generally light top dressing, which is carried out from seedling setting to jointing stage.
1.4. Jointing to tasseling stage: This is the period when corn nutrients are absorbed the fastest, and the effect on yield increase is the most obvious.
1.5. Flowering stage: It is applied after corn tasseling to maintain green leaves, prolong the functional period of leaves, and help to improve yield.
2. Fertilization method:
2.1. Combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer: organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter, which can improve the fertilizer retention and fertilizer supply capacity of the soil, and inorganic fertilizer mainly provides fast-acting nutrients.
2.2. Reasonable application of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers: According to the nutrient demand of maize, the rational application of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers is the key to improving maize yield.
2.3. Combination of deep fertilization and shallow fertilization: deep fertilization can improve the long-term effect of nutrients, and shallow fertilization can meet the nutrient needs of corn in the early stage.
2.4. Root fertilization and foliar fertilization: root fertilization is the main thing, supplemented by foliar fertilization, to supplement the shortage of nutrients.
3. Determination of fertilizer amount: The amount of fertilizer can be determined according to factors such as soil test results, corn fertilizer demand, planned yield, and soil fertilizer supply capacity. For example, the critical period of phosphorus nutrition in maize is in the three-leaf stage, and the critical period of nitrogen is in the period when vegetative growth shifts to reproductive growth.
4. Specific fertilization suggestions:
4.1. Seedling fertilizer: when the corn grows 5-7 leaves, nitrogen fertilizer is the main force.
4.2. Fertilization at the jointing stage: applied at the time of jointing, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, and an appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer can be applied.
4.3. Fertilization at the panicle stage: applied before tasseling, mainly available nitrogen and phosphorus.
4.4. Fertilization after pollination: After flowering and pollination, nitrogen fertilizer is still the main fertilizer.
In conclusion, the fertilization management of maize should be adjusted according to the specific growth stage and soil conditions to ensure healthy growth and high yield and high quality of maize.
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