Traditional agricultural irrigation generally has the problems of blind irrigation and excessive fertilization, which not only seriously wastes water resources, but also leads to secondary salinization of soil and groundwater pollution, and low irrigation water and fertilizer use efficiency. The application of intelligent water and fertilizer integration technology can effectively solve this pain point, realize precise irrigation and fertilization, and greatly improve the utilization rate of farmland water and fertilizer.
1. The composition of intelligent water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system
The intelligent water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system mainly includes four elements: monitoring network, transmission network, control center platform, and irrigation execution system.
a) Monitoring networks.
Through the deployment of various hydrometeorological sensors, real-time monitoring of soil moisture, meteorological parameters and other data. Key equipment includes:
1.RTU200 telemetry terminal
Collect 4G network to achieve continuous and reliable data transmission.
2.Radar Water Level Gauge Radar Flow Meter.
Monitor changes in water bodies to provide a basis for on-demand irrigation.
3.Pluviometer.
Monitor rainfall intensity and adjust irrigation plans in real time.
b) Transmission networks.
The monitoring data is reliably transmitted to the control center via a wireless communication network. The core equipment has:
SG500 water conservancy gateway
Realize remote measurement and control and data aggregation.
2.SR800 industrial router.
Provide stable network expansion and interconnection.
3) Control center platform.
Collect all kinds of monitoring data, and formulate precise irrigation plans after model calculation.
d) Irrigation execution system.
According to the control command, the proportion and total amount of water and fertilizer distribution are adjusted in real time to achieve precise irrigation.
Second, the system implementation process.
The intelligent water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system generally includes the following steps from design, assembly to daily operation:
1) Demand research.
Carry out a comprehensive survey according to the topography, crop types and distribution.
2) Design scheme.
Configure monitoring equipment according to requirements, design transmission network topology, and develop control model algorithms.
3) System assembly.
Install various types of sensors on site, deploy communication networks, and debug control systems.
4) Parameter debugging.
Adjust the control model parameters and perform multiple rounds of verification to ensure that the model is accurate.
5) Daily operation.
The system monitors and controls in real time, and regularly optimizes and updates the model to ensure that the effect is continuous.
Third, the application effect.
After the implementation of the intelligent water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system, it can bring the following effects:
1) Improve the accuracy of irrigation.
Adjust irrigation according to the real-time water needs of crops and avoid blind watering.
2) Save water consumption.
Compared with traditional irrigation, it can save more than 30% of water.
3) Reduce fertilizer waste.
Smart metering of fertilization to avoid overuse of fertilizers.
4) Improve yield and quality.
Precision irrigation improves the soil environment and helps to improve yield and quality.
5) Reduce labor intensity.
Smart irrigation reduces manual quantification and duplication of effort.
6) Sustainable use of resources.
Significantly reduce the waste of water resources and fertilizers, and achieve sustainable use of resources.
The application of intelligent water and fertilizer integrated irrigation technology can comprehensively improve the efficiency of farmland water and fertilizer use, achieve conservation and sustainability, and is an important means to achieve precision and efficient agriculture, which is worthy of promotion and application.