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Before the start of the project, it is generally necessary to level the site, and the design is designed with a square grid on the map, with a side length of 10---40 meters. The elevation of each vertex is measured with a level, called the "ground elevation", and is marked on the top right of each vertex. The grid number is specified as ABCD --- abscissa as 1234 --- abscissa as abscissa
This is shown in Figure 1(a). The vertex number is marked in the lower left corner of the vertex, as shown in Figure 1 (b). The leveled elevation of the site is called the design elevation and is marked in the lower right corner of the vertex. The difference between the ground elevation and the design elevation is called the "filling depth", which stipulates that the excavation is '+' and the fill is '-', which is marked in the upper left corner of the vertex. As shown in Figure 1 (b).
(1) Determine the design elevation
If the earthwork is required to be basically equal, the commonly used "weighted average method" is shown in Figure 2.
Grid corner points a1, a3, b4, c4, c1 its design elevation only affects the earthwork of one square, so its weight is 1; The design elevation of the a2, b1, c2, c3 of the upper corner of the edge affects the earthwork quantity of the two squares, so its weight is 2; B3 Its design elevation affects the earthwork quantity of three squares, so its weight is 3; B2 Its design elevation affects the earthwork of four squares, so its weight is 4.
The calculation of the design elevation can be calculated as follows:
As shown in Figure 3, the side length of the grid is 10 meters, and the design elevation is calculated by the weighted average method, so that the amount of filling and excavation is nearly equal.
The design elevation of the above calculations is to bring the earthfill close to equilibrium. Under normal circumstances, it is necessary to consider the elevation of the access road, the requirements of site drainage and the elevation of the building, etc., and determine a relative elevation according to all aspects, this elevation is the design elevation, so there is no need to calculate the design elevation, and the earthwork amount is calculated directly.
(2) Calculate the amount of earthwork
The junction between fill and cut is called the 0 line, and the 0 point on the edge of B1 and C1 is found. Let the distance between c1 and 01 be x, then:
Then the 0 points on the edge of C2, B2, B2, B3, B3, A3 are obtained by the same method, and the 0 points are connected to each 0, and the 0 line is cut on one side and fill on the other, which should be calculated separately.
The position of 0 point can also be actually measured, and the position of the design elevation is 0 point.
Calculation of earthwork as shown in figure:
Digging: 5596 cubic meters, fill 5586 cubic meters, a difference of 01 cubic meter, basically equal.
Due to the uneven height of the natural ground, the error can sometimes reach 7 percent, which is also normal.
First method:
1: Calculate the construction height of each corner of the grid based on the design elevation and the original ground elevation.
2: Calculate the zero position of each square grid according to the construction height of each corner of the grid.
3: According to the formula (each area in the square is multiplied by the average height of the base area), calculate the amount of cut-and-fill for each grid, and summarize the total amount of cut-and-fill.
4: Prepare the earthwork allocation plan according to the quantity of earthwork.
The second method:
The weighted average method is used to calculate the average elevation of the field area, and then the average elevation is multiplied by the area of the field area. The weights of the corners are: 1 for the corner, 2 for the edge, and 4 for the midpoint.