During the Spring Festival, in the Tarim Oilfield in Xinjiang, China's first 10,000-meter exploration well, the deep Taco 1 well, was drilled non-stop. After the drilling depth of Well Taco 1 reaches 9,850 meters, the drill bit will be replaced, and the new drill bit will continue to drill for 10,000 meters at the previous operating position.
The main purpose of the scientific exploration well is to explore the evolution of the earth, the origin of life, climate change, disaster prevention and control, and resource utilization. The biggest difference between it and ordinary wells is that the field it wants to explore is an unknown area that has never been drilled before.
The Tarim Basin has produced 260 billion cubic meters of deep natural gas
The reporter learned from PetroChina's Tarim Oilfield that the Tarim Basin, where the deep Taco 1 well is located, has produced more than 260 billion cubic meters of natural gas in the Tarim Basin below 4,500 meters.
At present, the Tarim Oilfield produces nearly 100 million cubic meters of natural gas per day, and most of this natural gas is extracted from deep formations seven or eight kilometers underground. As the main production area of deep-ground natural gas newly opened up in China, the output of Bozi Dabei Gas Area has been rising since the beginning of winter.
Li Zhiming, head of PetroChina's Tarim Oilfield Boda Oil and Gas Management Area: At present, 102 wells have been opened, and the daily output of natural gas has reached 30 million cubic meters, creating a record high, ensuring the west-to-east gas transmission and the warm winter of residents in southern Xinjiang.
The Tarim Basin is the largest oil and gas basin in China, with abundant ultra-deep oil and gas reserves, and the Tarim Oilfield has built five deep and ultra-deep natural gas production areas in the southern foot of the Tianshan Mountains and the hinterland of the Taklamakan Desert, with an annual gas output of 30 billion cubic meters.
Wang Xiaoliang, Deputy Director of the Drilling Institute of the Oil and Gas Engineering Research Institute of PetroChina Tarim Oilfield: In 2023 alone, 72 wells of more than 8,000 meters will be completed, and ultra-deep wells have become the main means of oil and gas exploration and development in the Tarim Oilfield. At present, 18 million tons of oil and gas in our Tarim Oilfield are recovered from ultra-deep formations every year.
In order to speed up the "realization" of new well production capacity, the Tarim Oilfield has accelerated the construction of surface supporting system projects and accelerated the improvement of oil and gas gathering and transportation capacity. The natural gas recovered from the deep strata of the Tarim Basin is collected through the pipelines crisscrossing the oil field to the first station of the West-East Gas Pipeline, and from there it is transported to the national vein.
The 10,000-meter deep well drives the iterative upgrading of petroleum equipment manufacturing
The world's first 12,000-kilometer ultra-deep well automatic drilling rig has been used for 10,000-meter deep wells, and nearly 200 domestic top equipment such as casing, drill bits, and downhole tools independently developed by China have also been put into use, which has promoted the iterative upgrading of the drilling and production equipment industry chain.
A few days ago, China's newly developed China's highest steel grade steel pipe was sent to the site of a 10,000-meter deep well, which will be used to support the well wall after breaking through 10,000 meters. The depth of 10,000 meters puts forward higher requirements for the strength and toughness of the oil casing.
Zhang Zhonghua, Chief Scientist of China Baowu Group: We have developed the world's first set of hot-rolled seamless steel pipe ** control cooling equipment system and key core technology with completely independent intellectual property rights, which is the impact toughness of the world's first 15A ultra-high-strength and high-toughness casing for the deep TACO 1 well is as high as 120 joules, which is more than 50% higher than the conventional manufacturing technology.
The drilling tool goes down to a depth of 10,000 meters, once the deformation and fall off will cause immeasurable losses, the R & D personnel simulated dozens of underground high temperature and high pressure working conditions, and carried out hundreds of tests and field tests.
Lu Xiaoqing, Chief Engineer of Product Design Technology of Baosteel Steel Pipe and Bar Steel Division: The key performance indicators of the casing, such as steel grade, collapse resistance and sealing performance, are more than 21% higher than those of the highest steel grade casing, and the performance indicators of the casing can still remain unchanged in the 220 high temperature environment.
In addition, 10,000 meters of deep well drilling has also developed and applied a large number of scientific and technological tools such as high-efficiency rock breaking bits, elevators with a load bearing capacity of 1,000 tons, drill pipes with tensile strength of 942 tons, high-strength metal seal coring tools, and logging instruments with high temperature resistance of 230 and 175 megapascal high pressure, which have strongly supported drilling to a depth of 10,000 meters.
Sun Jinsheng, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering: Taking the 10,000-meter deep well drilling project as an opportunity, we can promote our domestic 10,000-meter deep oil and gas exploration to make major breakthroughs, accelerate the creation of key technologies for 10,000-meter ultra-deep oil and gas resource drilling, summarize experience, iteratively upgrade, and improve the stability and reliability of technology. In this way, we will promote the realization of our country's 10,000-meter deep well exploration and development industry chain, and help our country's petroleum science and technology to achieve a high level of self-reliance and self-reliance.