Chao News reporter Weng Yunqian Xie Lubing correspondent Zhan Chai.
Haishu Weiliang Farm potato harvest. Photo provided by the correspondent A few days ago, the autumn potatoes of Weiliang Farm in Haishu District, Ningbo were harvested. "The improved soil is loose and soft, and the potatoes grown are good and the yield is high! Grower Li Weiliang said. Who would have thought that these dozens of acres of land, which were once "bad fields" with low fertility due to the development of the flower and tree industry, are now "transformed", and the average benefit per mu of growing grain crops has reached 10,000 yuan.
In the process of "non-grain" rectification, the flower and tree business has stopped, and what is good to plant on the vacated land? This used to be a problem for many peasant households like Li Weiliang who "changed production," and it also plagued grain production in various localities. Jin Shuquan, director of the Institute of Ecology and Environment of the Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said: "Planting forests and flowers on cultivated land will lead to soil acidification, compaction, and loss of organic matter, and sometimes irreversible damage to the cultivated layer." ”
In order to change this situation, starting from 2022, the Jin Shuquan team will take the lead in implementing the major project of Ningbo's "Science and Technology Innovation 2025" - "Comprehensive Technical Model and Application of Productivity Improvement of Non-grain Cultivated Land and Medium and Low-yield Fields". With the help of three years of scientific research, experts provide personalized "conversion" plans for the plots cleared in the "non-grain" remediation.
Adapting to the local situation is key. The experts first measured the pH value and organic matter content of the plot, and then combined with the cultivation situation before the remediation to "prescribe the right medicine". The soil layer of the plot where Weiliang Farm is located is thin, and the expert team adopted measures such as mechanical deep ploughing and organic fertilizer application, and dozens of acres of cultivated land soon regained its "vitality". Ningbo is mountainous, and it is difficult to remediate the cultivated land at the foot of the mountain. The experts first stripped the topsoil of the plough strata of these plots, and then replaced the lower layer of sand and gravel soil with clay with good water retention, which is equivalent to "surgery". According to the test yield, the yield of rice per mu in the demonstration plot improved by this new technology can reach more than 600 kg, reaching the yield of high-standard farmland rice.
To solve the problem of "non-grain" and improve the efficiency of grain planting, it is fundamental. In light of the characteristics and improvement of various types of cultivated land, agricultural experts have actively promoted new grain varieties and technologies. "In places where the soil does not retain water well, we recommend planting more suitable corn, potatoes, etc. The 'Yongma No. 1' potato that we have selected is very popular with farmers. Wang Fang, a potato expert from the Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told reporters that as a public welfare scientific research project, experts not only provide free seedlings for farmers, but also personally guide cultivation.
The cultivated land is the best, and there are good seeds and good methods, so that farmers have more confidence in growing grain. After hundreds of acres of abandoned land in Zhou Town, Xiangshan Province, have been acidified and improved to improve their fertility, they are very suitable for growing potatoes and other dry grains, and Wang Xianjiang, who works in the city, returned to the village for the first time to contract more than 30 acres. "Through the rotation of potatoes and corn, the net income of one mu of land last year was close to 10,000 yuan. My farm has also created several jobs for the villagers, and the income is higher than what they used to grow seedlings. Wang Xianjiang said.
Through the method of jointly building a demonstration base, experts completed the transformation of more than 2,900 acres of "non-grain" cultivated land in Ningbo in about a year, with an average increase of more than 1,000 yuan per mu.
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