May 1959In the face of the turmoil caused by India in our country, ** did not decide to send troops to India at first, but even said it publicly:
"China's main focus and direction of struggle is not in India; China will not make enemies with the United States in the east and India in the west. ”In 1962, under India's step-by-step pressure, India finally decided to launch a "self-defense counterattack" against India. ”
But in private, he asked the commander of the ** military region "Zhang Guohua":
"Guohua, can we win this battle? What do you think are the odds of winning? ”
Why do you ask, and how did Zhang Guohua answer?
In October 1954, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru was invited to visit China. ** He met with him four times, and at that time, India had already begun to make a big push towards the "McMahon Line".
However, at that time, in the general atmosphere of friendship between China and India, the leaders of the two countries did not explicitly mention the sensitive border issue.
"The cooperation between China and India must be mutually beneficial, and if one of us is harmed, then the cooperation cannot continue," Nehru said. ”
Therefore, matters between countries that raise suspicion and hinder cooperation need to be addressed. ”
** did not make the words clear, but only hinted that Nehru should not engage in such "careful thinking" that is not conducive to the relationship between the two countries, so as not to ignite the fire.
However, Nehru smiled and said, "Chairman, I don't understand what you say, haven't we always been friendly between our two countries. ”
Nehru's deaf attitude made *** very scoffed.
After Nehru left, *** said to ***"This Nehru is cunning and cunning, and he is very thoughtful. ”
** also nodded in agreement and said: "India is a country that has been colonized by the British for nearly a hundred years. I learned all the bad things about the British. ”
In April 1955, at the Asian-African Conference, it was announced that China would "begin to determine the boundary with its neighbors concerned", and at that time, India was the only neighbor country with territorial disputes with China.In 1959, India invaded Juwa, Shibuqi Pass, Borin Sando, Shanzha, and Labodi in the middle of the McMahon Line. Occupied Barigas in the Western Sector.
It was in 1959 that the armed rebellion of the ** ethnic minorities was instigated and took advantage of the fire to loot and put forward India's territorial claims between the two countries to our countryAll 50,000 square kilometers of China's land are included in its own country.
However, at that time, New China had just been founded, and the whole country was in ruins, and the United States was eyeing it. I don't want to make another enemy on my doorstep.
On the night of November 3 of the same year, ** still did not sleep and listened to the staff report to him on the situation on the Sino-Indian border.
After listening, *** said: "I think let the armed men on both sides go back a few kilometers to form a gun-free zone to avoid conflict." ”"The relationship between China and India is easy to resolve, because there is no need for our two countries to go toe-to-toe at all. Our threat comes from the United States across the ocean, not India. ”
Then, after listening to ***'s opinion, *** wrote a letter to Nehru, which stated:
"It is recommended that the troops of the two countries withdraw 20 kilometers each from the Line of Actual Control, and it is also hoped that the prime ministers of the two countries can hold talks as soon as possible. ”
In 1960, he was invited by Jawaharlal Nehru to visit India and held various meetings over the course of six days from April 19 to 25, which led to the easing of the Sino-Indian border problems during the period from 1960 to 1961.
But by 1962, Nehru saw an opportunity because of the hostility between the Soviet Union and China. He sent the Indian army forward again on the already eased Sino-Indian border, pressing on China.
**After learning about it, he was very annoyed and said:"Again and again, this Nehru is really a thief! ”
In the face of repeated harassment from India, China also issued an ultimatum to India
"If the Indian side does not withdraw from Chinese territory and continues to harass our country. Then the Chinese border guards will have to fight back in self-defense! All the consequences will be borne by India. ”
In August, the Indian army became more and more aggressive, and they did not heed China's warnings to them, and Nehru naively believed that the loss of the Soviet backer was not worth mentioning at all.
Finally, when he couldn't bear it anymore, ** decided to prepare for a self-defense counterattack. Although the country was in a period of "internal and external troubles" at that time, it had to sound the clarion call for counterattack in the face of such aggressive behavior of India.
And for the commander-in-chief of this self-defense counterattack, there is also a long time in his heart, he is "Zhang Guohua", the reason is because Zhang Guohua has been in the army for 12 years as the "commander-in-chief of the ** military region", so that Zhang Guohua knows the topography and environment well.
What's more, this is a battle fought at home, and Zhang Guohua has also become the best choice for the commander-in-chief of this self-defense counterattack.
Despite this, ** privately found Zhang Guohua and asked him: "Comrade Guohua, do you think we can win?" ”
Zhang Guohua stood up and pointed to the world map of the *** office and said:
"Chairman, you see, ** is the gateway to the southwest of our country, and once it is lost, it will directly threaten the interior of our country. Therefore, this battle will surely be our victory for China no matter what. ”
Please rest assured that we are bound to win this battle! ”
**Seeing Zhang Guohua's resolute eyes, my heart suddenly became a lot more steady.
Then he smiled and said to Zhang Guohua: "* is my country's sacred territory, and we must not lose an inch." ”
On October 20, 1962, the self-defense counterattack against India officially began. On the same day, China's leading border guards conducted a detailed investigation and analysis of the Indian army, and held that India was very scattered in the distribution of its troops.
Therefore, Zhang Guohua decided to adopt the method of "opening the two wings" and "dividing and encircling" to achieve the goal of annihilating them one by one.
In the western section of the McMahon Line, the soldiers of the Xinjiang border guards directly launched a fierce battle against the invasion of China's ** "Galwan Valley", and in eight days, they completely wiped out the 37 strongholds built by India here.
Nehru didn't expect the squadron to be so strong, he always thought that China was "lucky" to defeat the United States on the Korean battlefield, but now his army is also facing the same situation as the United ** back then, which also makes him doubt his own judgment.
After eliminating a part of the invading Indian army, our country did not choose to continue, but warned India that it hoped that India could withdraw the remaining troops on its own to avoid unnecessary **.
He also proposed that the two countries negotiate to resolve the territorial dispute by peaceful means.
However, Nehru still did not listen to the advice of China, believing that if peace talks were held with China, he might not be able to keep even part of India's territory.
Nehru thought of China and other Western countries also wanted to expand outward, but he was very wrong that China had always had the concept that "no one will offend me, I will not offend anyone", let alone India's territory.
After rejecting China's request for negotiations, India immediately declared a state of emergency throughout India, stepped up the mobilization of troops, and sent another 30,000 troops to the Sino-Indian border within half a month.Seeing that Nehru was so stubborn, he ordered Zhang Guohua:"Destroy him as much as he comes."of the command.
However, India, which originally claimed to be "non-aligned," went so far as to take the initiative to seek military assistance from the United States, and the United States also provided India with a large amount of military equipment and sent a military delegation to be stationed there.
But these are all in vain, under the ferocious offensive of the Chinese border guards, even though the Indian army has the advanced American style, their offensive is still "hitting a stone with an egg" for the Chinese border guards, and they are beaten by the squadron.
In the eastern sector, the Chinese border guards have recovered all the territories occupied by the Indian army south of the McMahon Line, and in the western sector, they have also cleared all the Indian strongholds that will be invaded. And pushed the front to the Chinese side of the traditional Sino-Indian border, 20 kilometers from the border.This also marked a complete victory of our army in the Sino-Indian border self-defense counterattack.
On November 18, India** saw the rapid rout of its own army but suddenly changed its tune:
"What India has always wanted is to resolve the territorial dispute between the two countries through peaceful means. ”India's behavior is also making people laugh at it in the international community, and even the United States has become a trophy of our army, and the United States does not want to admit that it is afraid that it will not be able to lose this face to India's aid country.
At this time, the squadron has reached a place only 300 kilometers away from New Delhi, the capital of India, and it can be said that the stability of India at this time depends on the words of China.
However, our army did not choose to continue to advance, and Zhang Guohua received an order to "withdraw" from **. China has also shown the world through this incident:
"China has no intention of invading any country, but when China's interests are violated, it will definitely make the other side pay a heavy price! ”
This point has to obey the strategic thinking of the great man, which not only establishes a good image of China in the world, but also makes India, the aggressor who took the initiative to provoke trouble but was beaten to the gate of the capital, lose an adult in the world.