It is one of the most complex organs in our body and is inextricably linked to the gut. **Anti-aging has become a research hotspot for many scholars and clinicians, attracting the attention of many beauty seekers. So what if we could use this connection we know to improve our skincare products?
Colleagues from Chongqing Education University in China have published a study at the frontier of pharmacology showing that intestinal fine and nicotinamide mononucleotides synergize to improve the damage of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in mice**They found that mice that drank water containing NMN (300 mg kg) had a greater protective effect with the lactobacillus extract than NMN or bacteria alone. These findings suggest that NMN and bacteria provide protection through different pathways, and that using them at the same time may provide a means to improve health.
Photoaging is premature aging caused by repeated exposure to ultraviolet radiation, mainly from the sun, but also from artificial ultraviolet sources. The occurrence and progression of UV radiation-mediated photoaging involves multiple pathways, including inflammatory responses and oxidative stress responses. Studies have shown that gut bacterial composition can modulate inflammation and UV radiation exposure alters gut bacterial composition. Figuring out how to harness the gut connection can enhance our approach to protecting from the sun's harmful UV rays.
Bacteria have been shown to balance the composition of gut bacteria (microbiome). This gut bacteria can also boost the immune system, lower cholesterol levels, and reduce the presence of harmful molecule free radicals that cause oxidative stress. The potential anti-aging properties of this gut bacteria and their ability to scavenge free radicals have caught the attention of researchers who are looking for ways to enhance their protection and health.
Another compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects is NMN, which increases levels of an important molecule called nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which is essential for energy production and maintaining cellular health (NAD+).There is convincing evidence that taking NMN can reduce free radicals and inflammation in organs such as the liver, as well as provide anti-aging benefits.
Studies have shown that NMN and fermentation have a protective effect against UV damage. For these reasons, Zhao and colleagues decided to test the protective effects of NMN and fermentation against UV damage**.
nmnResearch on synergizing with fermentation bacteria to improve the scavenging rate of free radicals
To test their antioxidant capacity, Zhao and his colleagues mixed the contents of NMN and gut bacteria in test tubes with free radicals and measured their ability to absorb free radicals, also known as free radical scavenging capacity. They found that mixing nano-N and gut bacteria together resulted in better free radical absorption than bovine nano-N or bacteria alone. This combination also surpasses vitamin C, which is known as an excellent scavenger. Since free radicals in cells play a key role in UV radiation-induced aging, NMN and bacteria eliminating them could illustrate how the combination of supplements protects against harmful UV radiation.
U.S. W+NMN and Intestinal Bacteria LThe fermented products synergistically enhance free radical scavenging. The researchers compared its ability to scavenge free radicals with other methods. Interestingly, the US w+nmn plus l* Provides better absorption of the three free radicals and effective scavenging. The total concentration of free radicals absorbed by each treatment (antioxidant capacity), nmn plus l* Absorbs the most. The results showed that NMN plus fermentation treatment could induce a large number of free radical elimination.
The combination of these two substances greatly enhances the protection
Zhao and colleagues then transferred their experiments from test tubes to live animals. They wanted to know if the free radical-reducing properties of the supplement combination could protect the integrity of the mice after two weeks of intense UVB radiation exposure. Although nmn and lThe team found that the tissues of mice that were treated with both substances were similar to those of mice that were not exposed to UVB radiation. By looking at it under a microscope, Zhao and his colleagues could see that the combination significantly retained the dermis — the layer of blood vessels that contain the surface — similar to mice without UVB radiation exposure.
2021|Frontiers in Pharmacology) NMN and LThe supplement synergistically improves **thickness from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Images (i) and (b) show cross-sections of mice** exposed to harmful UVB radiation, with and without animals administered by oral supplement. In (a), the arrow points to the dermis, which contains connective tissue, blood vessels, oil and sweat glands, nerves, and hair follicles. The model group in (a) showed that mice that did not receive any supplement** had the thinnest dermis after UVB radiation exposure. The thickness of the dermis of NMN Plus l- The treated mice were comparable to normal mice, as shown in figure (d). The arrows in (b) point to blue-violet stained collagen fibers. The number of collagen fibers in the normal group was larger, and the distribution was uniform and orderly. The model group was exposed to UVB radiation without any supplements and had significantly less collagen fibers. The collagen fibers in the model group were broken and atrophied. NMN plus LThe collagen fibers of the starter -* group increased, and the collagen fibers were more orderly after UVB irradiation, with almost no shrinkage or breakage.
In addition, after exposure to UVB radiation, the number of mast cells – indicator cells of inflammation – increased fourfold in the dermis** layer. Supplemented with NMN and LDrastically reduce the number of mast cells so that they only increase about twofold after intense UVB radiation exposure. Thus, the combined ** provides better tissue preservation than NMN or bacteria alone, indicating a synergistic protective effect.
2021|Frontiers in Pharmacology) NMN and LSynergistically reduces immune cell infiltration caused by harmful UV radiation. The arrows in panel (c) point to mast cells—cells associated with inflammation—that are stained as small blue dots. Normal mice have far fewer mast cells than model mice exposed to harmful UVB radiation. NMN plus LFermentation broth treatment As shown in figure (e), the number of mast cells in the group was significantly reduced after exposure to harmful UVB radiation. These results suggest that the added.
NMN and LSignificantly enhanced the structure and tissue structure of mice after UVB irradiation.
American W+NMN has multiple antioxidant functions. First of all, NMN can increase the level of NAD+ in cells, increase the activity of NAD+-related enzymes, and maintain the metabolic balance and immune function of cells. Secondly, NMN can be combined with other antioxidants, such as PQQ, anthocyanins, glutathione, etc. in the W+NMN (Telomere Tower) 32000 complex formula in the United States to enhance their antioxidant capacity. NMN can enhance the self-repair and protective function of cells by regulating the gene expression of cells. Finally, NMN can inhibit the inflammatory response of light to cells and reduce the damage of exposure to the sun.
A study published in the Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology also confirmed that experiments showed that UV damage activates NAD+ synthesis and NAD+ depleting enzymes to determine the survival or dysfunction of human ** cells in a balanced way.
They showed that in a tug-of-war, UV radiation activates nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) to produce NMN, a precursor to NAD+, while also activating a NAD+-depleting enzyme: polyADP-ribose polymerase (PARP).
If NAD+ synthesis is hampered in this balanced tug-of-war process, PARP will severely deplete NAD+ levels, triggering proliferation arrest and dysfunction.
Interestingly, blocking NAD+ production of NAMPT allows PARP to excrete NAD+, but supplementation with NAD+ precursors NMN (100 M) or nicotinamide ribosome (NR; 50 m) can quickly restore the ability of cells to recover from UV damage. Due to constant exposure to UVA B radiation, understanding the protective effects of NAMPT in UV stress will help prevent and photoaging.
nmnand gut bacteria produce benefits through different pathways
Previous studies have shown that NMN enhances NAD+ biosynthesis by activating enzymes that maintain cell health and promote free radical scavenging, thereby improving disease in mice. Understand the protective role lStill more elusive, though, Zhao and his colleagues say, this may be related to the anti-inflammatory effects of metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids. The research team added that there is still a great need to achieve a better understanding of the beneficial effects of bacteria, especially when it comes to working with the Marine Corps. In addition, we need to conduct human studies to show how effective the combination of these substances is.
*：zhou x, du hh, ni l, ran j, hu j, yu j, zhao x. nicotinamide mononucleotide combined with lactobacillus fermentum tksn041 reduces the photoaging damage in murine skin by activating ampk signaling pathway. front pharmacol. 2021 mar 25;12:643089. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643089. pmid: 33841160; pmcid: pmc8027253.