This article**[CCTV News];
He is dedicated to the grassroots position of aerospace
More than 60 years of "super code farmer".
It's when everyone is helpless
A "blue-collar academician" with a flash of inspiration
Recently, the main station "My Family and My Country" was interviewed
Academician Yu Menglun, an expert in rocket ballistic design in China.
Listen to him tell the story of "climbing the peak of space technology".
To prove the feasibility of the solution.
They counted for two or three months.
Academician Yu Menglun, 87 years old, is one of the pioneers of the ballistic design of China's ballistic strategic missiles and launch vehicles. In 1960, he graduated early from the Department of Mathematical Mechanics of Peking University and was assigned to the General Department of the First Branch of the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense at that time, where he calculated the flight path for missile and rocket launches. In March 1965, China began the development of a certain type of Dongfeng series missile, and Yu Menglun was one of the three members of the ballistic design team.
In the face of the long flight distance, how to conduct the test has become a difficult problem in front of them. Just when everyone was helpless, Yu Menglun put forward a bold idea - a special ballistic scheme combining low trajectory and high trajectory, and split the whole test into two separate tests.
According to Yu Lao's recollections, in order to prove the feasibility of the plan with data, five or six of them calculated for two or three months.
On May 18, 1980, the first full-course flight test of a certain type of missile of the Dongfeng series was successful, realizing the leap of China's ultra-long-range missiles from scratch and completely breaking the long-term monopoly of the superpowers.
Since the age of 40, I have learned programming from scratch.
He successfully launched a re-entry satellite into orbit.
After the launch of the "Dongfanghong-1" satellite, in order to facilitate land census and ground surveying and mapping, the launch of a returnable satellite was put on the agenda. The returnable satellite weighs 1,800 kilograms, which is more than 10 times the weight of the "Dongfanghong 1", so the "Long March 2" to undertake the launch mission has much higher requirements for carrying capacity.
The task of solving the problem of rocket speed and carrying capacity fell on Yu Menglun. However, at this time, Yu Menglun was already in his 40s, and his computing tools were replaced by microcomputers, so he began to learn computer programming from scratch.
As one of the earliest computer programming workers in China, Yu Menglun and his colleagues gradually overcame the problems of the program in the exploration. After countless analyses of the optimal thrust program, Yu Menglun proposed a "small thrust ballistic scheme" that dazzled everyone.
Five engines - one engine with high thrust, four engines with low thrust. I made the big engine work a little shorter and the small engine work a little longer, so that the average thrust was reduced. ”
Yu Menglun's "small thrust ballistic scheme" increased the carrying capacity of the rocket by 25%. On November 26, 1975, the Long March-2 carrier rocket carrying China's first returnable satellite ignited and lifted off on time and successfully launched the satellite into the predetermined orbit.
In the following three years, the "Long March-2" rocket was successfully launched twice in a row, indicating that China has the technical ability to design and develop high-performance and high-reliability carrier rockets.
In the face of the harsh conditions proposed by the United States.
He was overworked for 18 months and completed as promised.
In 1978, China began to improve the adaptive technology of the launch vehicle on the basis of the "Long March 2", thus deriving the largest family of launch vehicles in China.
Among them, the Long March-2F carrier rocket is the only rocket in China that can carry out manned missions and is responsible for transporting astronauts. Its predecessor is the Long March-2** carrier rocket developed by Yu Menglun in the whole process, referred to as "Chang 2 Bundle".
Yu Menglun: At that time, the US space shuttle was unsuccessful. We want to engage in a "long second bundle" and use it to specifically hit foreign satellites, strictly speaking US satellites.
The year 1986 was a catastrophic year in the history of world spaceflight. There have been many accidents in the United States and France, and the international commercial satellite launch market has been almost paralyzed. At this time, the Chinese astronauts entered the international launch market with the "Chang Er" rocket, which was still two design drawings, and began difficult cooperation negotiations with other countries.
In November 1988, after nearly two years of negotiations, China and the United States formally signed a contract for the launch of two satellites. Yu Menglun said that after signing the contract with the Americans, the United States requires that it must be successfully launched once every 18 months, and if it is not successful, it will lose money.
In order to be able to launch as scheduled, Yu Menglun and his colleagues at the institute began to overwork. More than 440,000 design drawings, more than 5,000 sets of special tooling, dozens of sections and hundreds of thousands of parts, and more than 300 large-scale ground tests were completed in just 18 months.
On July 16, 1990, as China's first high-thrust rocket, the "Chang Ershu" was successfully launched, creating a miracle in the history of world aerospace.
However, in the following 4 years, the "Long Two Bundle" experienced two launch failures. Yu Menglun put forward the hypothesis of the influence of high-altitude winds on rocket flight, and successfully resolved the obstacles after calculating more than 1,000 high-altitude wind data from the Xichang launch base. The "Chang Er Bundle" not only opened the door to the international space launch market, but also officially opened a new journey for China's manned space industry.
Rooted in the front line of aerospace for more than 60 years.
His name was named after the scientific research team.
Yu Menglun, a native of Cixi, Zhejiang, moved to Shanghai with his family when he was two years old to escape the war. He has been at the top of his grades since he was a child, but he is deeply troubled by a serious stuttering problem, "Once in math class, the teacher asked a question, I would do this question, but I couldn't say it, and I felt very miserable at that time."
Because of his stuttering, Yu Menglun became taciturn and introverted when he was young. But it also made him more focused on his studies, especially in the world of mathematics.
In 1955, 19-year-old Yu Menglun was admitted to the Department of Mathematics and Mechanics of Peking University, and after graduation, he was assigned to the First Branch of the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense. Since then, it has been rooted in a team for more than 60 years.
In 2009, his team was named "Yu Menglun Team" by the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, which is also the first scientific research team named after an academician and is known as the first team of China's aerospace industry.
In the more than 60 years of Yu Menglun's work, many of his students have become chief engineers and deputy chief engineers in the aerospace field, but he is still engaged in his original work at the age of nearly ninety. In Yu Menglun's view, it is his greatest happiness to always work on the front line of scientific research and design a perfect flying arc for Chinese rockets.
This article**: CCTV News WeChat*** comprehensive "My Family and My Country".