Aircraft carrier catapult, reader Mr. "Northern Salamander" shared a design idea, variable pitch screw catapult, let's **
Variable pitch screw catapult ZL2018102415002。
Currently, there are three ways for aircraft carrier-based aircraft to take off:Glide take-off, steam catapult and electromagnetic catapult
1. Skiing and jumping to take off
Both the Liaoning and Shandong ships use the glide jump take-off method. The glide take-off mode is to install an upturned skid deck at a certain angle at the end of the take-off deck of the aircraft carrier, and the aircraft takes off through the skid deck, and the flight trajectory and the horizontal plane have a certain elevation angle, similar to a parabolic trajectory. Since the aircraft has not accelerated enough to fly at level at this point, the gravitational force is greater than the lift, and the plane will sink until it is flush with the deck surface, during which the plane will continue to accelerate, and if the plane accelerates to a level sufficient for level flight before descending to a safe altitude, the glide jump takeoff is successful.
Glide take-off.
2. Steam catapult
At present, only the United States and the United Kingdom have the manufacturing technology and use it on ships, the former is the C-13 type, the latter is the BS5 type, and the C-13 type is used by the French Navy in addition to the US Navy.
Steam catapult. The steam catapult is composed of a launch system, a steam system, a towing cable tensioning system, a lubrication and control system. When working, the boiler produces high-pressure steam, and the high-pressure steam is stored in the steam room, before ejection, the carrier-based aircraft is hooked to the reciprocating car with a towing cable, once the high-pressure steam is charged into the cylinder barrel, the huge pressure of the steam pushes the piston, the piston drives the reciprocating car, and the reciprocator drives the carrier-based aircraft to slide forward rapidly, so as to eject the aircraft out.
How the aircraft carrier steam catapult works:
Steam catapults are expensive and complex to design, manufacture and install. For example, the core component of a catapult: the cylinder. The track length of the whole catapult is about 80 meters, and it is composed of two parallel rows of cylinders side by side, each of which is connected by more than 20 cylinders, each cylinder is 4 meters long, and there is a narrow opening across the cylinder block at the top, and the cross-section is "C" shaped.
The following ** we have previously shared how the steam catapult on the aircraft carrier works
3. Electromagnetic ejection
As everyone knows, China's Fujian ship has adopted electromagnetic catapult technology.
In 2017, the new aircraft carrier "Ford" in service in the United States adopted electromagnetic catapult technology, but the "Ford" is also in the stage of "crossing the river by feeling the stones" in terms of the cutting-edge aircraft carrier take-off and landing mode of electromagnetic catapult, and there are still some problems that cannot be completely solved.
Ford" class aircraft carrier electromagnetic catapult system.
The electromagnetic ejection system of the Ford-class aircraft carrier consists of a power supply system, a control system, and an electromagnetic ejection track. The power supply system consists of an electric motor, a flywheel energy storage device and a high-power generator. The principle of the electromagnetic catapult is that the current-carrying wire is stressed in the magnetic field, and the induced electromagnetic repulsion generated by the huge transient of the magnetic flux is used to eject the aircraft into the air.
There is a key technology involved in this, which is the flywheel energy storage device. Flywheel energy storage is an energy storage device with electromechanical energy conversion, which can use the flywheel to drive the generator to generate electricity when power generation is needed, and the motor can be used to drive the flywheel to rotate at high speed for energy storage when energy storage is needed.
In addition, flywheel energy storage also has the advantages of high instantaneous power, environmental protection, and high energy storage density, and at present, China has been in the forefront of the world in the research and development of flywheel energy storage devices, such as Deyang SINOMACH Heavy Equipment Co., Ltd. has independently developed the first 100 kilowatt flywheel energy storage device in China.
The following paragraph is the principle of electromagnetic ejection of "mixed knowledge" science popularization, which is quite interesting: