King Qin swept Liuhe, looking at He Xiong! Swing your sword to break the clouds, and the princes will come to the west. Historically, Qin Shi Huang put an end to the strife of the Warring States and established a unified multi-ethnic feudal state. After he became unified, what did he do to maintain this rule? Today's education will take you to learn the measures taken by Qin Shi Huang to dominate the world in the ancient history of our country.
1. Emperor system.
The term emperor was coined by Qin Shi Huang himself, and it was not used before. Ying Zheng believes that his credit for unifying the world has surpassed that of all previous emperors, including the previous emperors, Yao Shunyu, etc. Therefore, the so-called "Three Emperors and Five Emperors" in ancient legends are each taken with one word, which is "emperor". In this way, the emperor became the title of the supreme ruler of the feudal state, which was inherited by successive generations of rulers.
In addition, he also stipulated that the emperor called himself "I", which was not a special word before I, but after Qin Shi Huang, the word "I" became the emperor's special vocabulary. The emperor's orders were called "edicts", and the seals that symbolized power status were stamped on the edicts were called "seals".
2. The three dukes and nine kings are the first administrative institutions founded by the Qin Dynasty, and the so-called three dukes refer to the prime minister, the Taiwei, and the imperial historian, among which the prime minister is under one person, above ten thousand people, to assist the emperor in managing all opportunities; The lieutenant is in charge of the military; The Imperial Doctor is in charge of the supervision.
Jiuqing refers to a total of nine specific departments, including Fengchang, Lang Zhongling, Tingwei, Dianke, and Shaofu.
3. Unify words, currencies, and weights and measures.
Before the unification of Qin, each country used a different script and currency. After the unification of Qin, the small seal became the common script of the whole country.
In terms of currency, let the whole country use round square hole money. This kind of round square hole money is the so-called "half tael coin", because the metal currency has its actual value, and its weight is half a tael, hence the name.
4. Build roads and repair roads.
5. Burning books and pit Confucianism.
The book-burning pit seems to be contrary to the previous measures, but in fact, the purpose is to maintain the rule of the empire. The main content of the book burning was to destroy all the scriptures in his private possession, but the doctor's collection was preserved. The pit Confucianism was due to the first emperor's superstition to refine the elixir of life, which was criticized by some Confucian disciples, and in the end nothing was refined, and in a fit of rage, he grabbed some alchemists, plus the Confucian who had criticized him, a total of more than 400 people were buried alive. The burning of books and the pit of Confucianism caused the opposition between rulers and cultural classes, which had a bad impact on the rule of the empire, and became one of the indiscriminate reasons for the later demise of the empire.
6. Build the Great Wall.
Qin Shi Huang sent the general Meng Tian to lead an army of 300,000 to defeat the Xiongnu and return victorious. The Great Wall of Qin was built on the basis of the original Great Wall of Qin, Zhao and Yan. From Lintao in the west, to Liaodong in the east, stretching for thousands of miles, so it is called the Great Wall.
Exam Exercises] (Single choice) Qin's measures to rule the world do not include ( ).
A sent Huo to attack the Huns in the north and sealed the wolf Juxu.
bBurning books and pit Confucianism.
c. Unify writing, currency, and weights and measures.
d. Three public and nine secretary system.
Analysis] The answer is A. The measures taken by the Qin Dynasty to maintain its rule included the construction of the Great Wall, the unification of writing, currency, weights and measures, the repair of Chi Dao, the creation of the emperor system, and the implementation of the system of three princes and nine secretaries. And Huo Quzhi was a famous general of the Han Dynasty. Therefore, the answer to this question is A.
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