In 1955, in recognition of those comrades who had made outstanding contributions during the years of the revolutionary war, an important decision was made to award these heroic heroes.
This decision is not only a high affirmation of the heroes' achievements, but also an important record of the development history of New China.
General Song Shilun enjoys a high reputation in the military field, and his outstanding performance in the War of Liberation and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea is highly recognized. His exploits are not groundless, but have been tested in actual combat.
Therefore, it is well deserved to call him a warrior. In 1950, the United States-led "joint" invaded Korea, and made the great decision of "resisting US aggression and aiding Korea, defending the homeland and defending the country".
At this critical moment, Song Shilun was appointed as the commander and political commissar of the Ninth Corps of the Chinese People's Volunteers, and participated in this war. On the eve of the entry of the Ninth Corps into Korea, ** specially talked to him, emphasizing the importance of their operations on the Eastern Front, and demanding that they must stick to the Eastern Front, otherwise it will affect the entire war situation.
From the deployment of *** against the battle situation, it can be seen that he has a high degree of trust in General Song Shilun. Song Shilun was a soldier who went through the agrarian revolution, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the War of Liberation and the battlefield of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea, and made great achievements for the party and the country.
His original name was Song Fangyou, and like Zuo Quan, he was born in Liling County, Hunan. When he was a child, he was often bullied, which made him develop a character that dared to resist and fight against grievances.
After changing his name to Song Jiyao in 1919, he and his friend Zuo Quan were admitted to Liling County High School at the same time. While in school, he was influenced by the May Fourth Movement and founded the "Socialist Research Society" with his classmates.
In April 1926, he took the entrance examination for the Whampoa Military Academy and was successfully admitted. In order to express his determination to revolutionize to the end and catch up with the pace of the development of the times, he changed his name to Song Shilun.
During his studies at the Whampoa Military Academy, he devoted himself to his studies with confidence. However, soon after entering the school, he unfortunately contracted malaria and had to stay at Zhongshan Hospital in Guangdong to recuperate.
While in his hospital, he became acquainted with a Chinese Communist Party member named Zhang Yizhi, who joined the Chinese Socialist Communist Youth League on the recommendation of Song Shilun. Due to his outstanding performance in his work, he became a full-fledged member of the Communist Party of China at the beginning of the following year.
Song Shilun, a hero who sacrificed his life for the revolution. During the years when the White Terror engulfed the country, he was imprisoned on suspicion of being a member of the Communist Party, and although he was released, he persevered in his search for the party organization.
Unable to find the party organization, he decided to return to his hometown in Hunan and carry out revolutionary propaganda in the deep mountains of Lalin, hoping that through his own efforts, he would pull out a revolutionary contingent to fight against the Kuomintang reactionaries.
He hid in the mountains during the day, went to the bottom of the mountains at night to propagate and mobilize the masses, and when he was hungry, he picked fruits on the mountains to satisfy his hunger. His heroic deeds have embodied his firm belief in the revolutionary cause and his deep love for the country and the people.
Under the leadership of Song Shilun, a guerrilla force specialized in targeting bandits and reactionary forces appeared in Liuyang, Youxian in Hunan, and Pingxiang in Jiangxi. They succeeded in occupying the railway station controlled by the warlords, and gradually co-opted the bandits, and their power continued to expand, dealing a heavy blow to the local reactionary ** and the local tyrants and gentry.
In 1929, Song Shilun was ill and could no longer go to the front line to fight the enemy, so the guerrillas could only carry him in the direction of Jinggang Mountain. On the march, they accidentally ran into the ranks of the party and managed to get in touch.
The guerrillas were then incorporated into the Red Sixth Army led by Huang Gonglue. When *** saw Song Shilun, he said to him with a smile: "Song Shilun, you are also a prince." ”
Here, the "princes of one side" refers to the powerful guerrilla force developed by Song Shilun in the process of searching for the party organization. Song Shilun not only had a profound cultural heritage, but was also an excellent military commander.
After joining the ranks of the Red Army, he quickly rose to prominence on the battlefield and achieved great achievements.
In 1933, the Kuomintang carried out the fourth "encirclement and suppression" of the Red Army, and Song Shilun successfully annihilated two divisions of the Kuomintang in Yihuang, Jiangxi Province with his command ability, and captured a large number of equipment.
By 1936, he had become the commander of the Red 30th Army. After the outbreak of the full-scale Anti-Japanese War, he led the team to be incorporated into the 358th Brigade of the 120th Division of the Eighth Route Army and served as the commander of the 716th Regiment.
He led his soldiers to wage fierce battles with the enemy in the areas north of Yanmen Pass, in eastern Hebei, and in the Shandong base area, and also contributed to the creation of anti-Japanese base areas.
During his more than a year of experience in the War of Resistance, he fought more than 100 battles with the enemy, annihilated more than 2,000 enemies, and dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese army. By the time of the Liberation War, he was appointed commander of the 10th Column of the East China Field Army.
Under his leadership, the 10th Column successfully participated in the Menglianggu Campaign, the Eastern Henan Campaign, the Huaihai Campaign, etc., creating a miracle of positional defense.
Song Shilun was a heroic general in the People's Liberation Army, who demonstrated extraordinary tactical talent and firm revolutionary conviction during the War of Liberation. As the commander of the 10th Column, he successfully defended against the offensive of the Kuomintang army and won the reputation of "the 10th Column must be the 10th Column if the artillery does not move".
In the Battle of Changjin Lake, he successfully repelled the invasion of the American army through excellent tactical command, showing outstanding military talent. In 1950, in order to protect the nascent China, ** and *** decided to send volunteers to Korea to resist American aggression.
As the commander and political commissar of the Ninth Corps, Song Shilun was entrusted with an important mission, responsible for leading the volunteer soldiers to defend on the Eastern Front. As the strongest corps in the Third Field Army, the Ninth Corps has created many brilliant achievements in the East China Battlefield, and their ability and strength have been highly recognized by their superiors.
Therefore, sending them to the Korean front fully demonstrated the importance and trust he attached to the Ninth Corps.
Before the Ninth Corps of the Volunteer Army went to Korea, Song Shilun was received by *** and others. They demanded that he defend the river at all costs.
Although Song Shilun faced the world's most advanced equipment of the US military, he did not lose heart, and the encouragement of ** gave him great motivation. He kept his mission in mind and began to prepare for his entry into the DPRK.
After accepting the mission, he delved into the enemy's combat methods, eager to win the battle and make the Chinese straighten their backs on the world stage. After receiving the order, he led his troops north, and all the officers and men crossed the Yalu River smoothly with one heart.
No one expected that a terrible battle was about to break out. When the Ninth Corps entered Korea, it was bitterly cold and there were not enough cotton clothes, but they survived the winter with a strong will, and the Battle of Changjin Lake broke out under such difficult circumstances.
In the bitter cold of dozens of degrees below zero, the scene on the battlefield in North Korea was shocking. On November 26, 1950, General Song Shilun issued an order to the First Army, asking them to rush to the Changjin Lake area as soon as possible and occupy an advantageous position before the arrival of the enemy army.
Although most of the soldiers had no experience in keeping out the cold, many of them had frostbite on their hands and feet, and some even froze to death, but with strong perseverance, the soldiers managed to reach the designated place.
Then, on November 27, 1950, the Ninth Corps led by Song Shilun had all entered the mountainous jungles around Changjin Lake. Among them, the 20th Army was deployed to the west of Changjin Lake, and the 27th Army was stationed in the northeast of Changjin Lake.
As the sky darkened, the 1st and 7th divisions of the US army finally appeared in the sight of the volunteers. They marched on mountain trails that stretched for more than 50 kilometres. Under the command of Song Shilun, the volunteer soldiers launched a surprise attack on the American army, and the unsuspecting American army was taken by surprise.
After fierce fighting, the Volunteer Army successfully divided the US army into five sections, forming a favorable encirclement and annihilation posture.
A scene in the Battle of Changjin Lake: On November 30, the Volunteer Army gathered five regiments and all artillery to launch a fierce attack on the 31st Regiment of the U.S. Polar Bear Regiment. Although the U.S. troops fled in disarray under the attack of the volunteer soldiers, the volunteers also paid a heavy price.
Due to the lack of warm clothing and advanced **, many volunteer soldiers have been sleeping forever on the shore of Changjin Lake. Although the main force of the 26th Army did not enter the battle in time, so that the American army successfully withdrew south, the 20th Army pursued closely, and finally the area north of the "38th parallel" was controlled by the Volunteer Army, and the Americans' threatening plan was shattered.
At that time, three companies, including the 6th Company of the 177th Regiment of the 59th Division of the 20th Army of the Volunteer Army, the 2nd Company of the 180th Regiment of the 60th Division, and the 5th Company of the 242nd Regiment of the 80th Division of the 27th Army, were ordered to block the US troops at the Watergate Bridge.
When the volunteer soldiers rushed to the Watergate Bridge, they only saw rows of frozen soldiers, but there were no living figures.
In the Battle of Changjin Lake, General Song Shilun was extremely depressed when he saw the heroic sacrifice of his comrades. He wrote a review to *** and ***, expressing his deep nostalgia for the soldiers.
* The Central Military Commission assessed that the Ninth Corps had completed a huge strategic task. After the war, General Song Shilun was transferred back to China from the Korean front, and when he got out of the car, he took off his military hat and bowed deeply to the soldiers who died on the front line.
He strategized during the war, adjusted his combat strategy in a timely manner, dealt a heavy blow to the US military, and made great contributions to the victory of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. In 1955, he was awarded the rank of general and various decorations for his military exploits, which recognized his contribution to the battlefield.
Song Shilun resigned from his post in the hope of seeing hope for the future. In 1957, he was appointed First Vice President of the Academy of Military Sciences, and at the same time served as the head of the Planning and Guidance Department and the Foreign Affairs Research Department.
During his time at the Academy of Military Sciences, he made outstanding contributions to the development of China's military cause. In 1980, he served as the deputy director of the editor-in-chief editorial committee of the Chinese encyclopedia and the director of the editorial and review committee of the encyclopedia of Chinese affairs, responsible for the compilation of military books.
As the country's development moved on the right track, leading comrades proposed to abolish the lifelong system of leading cadres and establish a retirement system, and this proposal was unanimously supported by people inside and outside the party.
Song Shilun responded positively and made various preparations for retirement. At the Politburo meetings, he repeatedly proposed that the issue of replacing old and new cadres should be regarded as a revolution, and at the same time, he also made specific provisions on the issue of retirement.
Song Shilun actively promoted the rejuvenation of the leadership of the Academy of Military Sciences, and repeatedly submitted his resignation to the Military Commission to create conditions for younger comrades to enter the leadership collective. Although the Military Commission did not immediately agree, Song Shilun understood the difficulties of the organization, and he actively did a good job in the replacement of new and old cadres, on the one hand, he continued to be responsible for the daily leadership work, and on the other hand, he actively promoted the personnel adjustment of the leading groups of ministries and offices, so as to prepare for the replacement of members of the leading group.
After the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Song Shilun once again proposed his resignation from the post of president to the ** Military Commission and put forward constructive suggestions to promote the smooth replacement of the leadership of the Academy of Military Sciences.
At the meeting of the 12th National Congress of the Military Commission, Song Shilun's request for resignation was finally agreed. When he heard the news, he was thrilled. At a meeting of the leadership of the Academy of Military Sciences, he said: "I see hope for the future.
Judging from the replacement of leading cadres of the Academy of Military Sciences, the principle of making the contingent of cadres younger and more professional formulated by our party is being implemented. Now the comrades in the leadership positions are old, and if we do not change, it may have a negative impact on our work and even mislead the party and the country.
My withdrawal is a personal matter, but it is the cause of the party that moves forward. "Before the handover, Song Shilun did a lot of preparations. He carefully summarized the work experience in recent years and prepared all kinds of materials required for the handover.
He also wrote an article up to 1The 80,000-word "Review of the Work of the Academy of Military Sciences in the Past 13 Years" comprehensively sums up the work and experience of the Academy of Military Sciences and puts forward some pertinent suggestions.
In addition, he provided support to the new leadership in his work. At that time, the work of the Academy of Military Sciences was difficult, and the accommodation of the new leadership became a problem. Song Shilun decided to vacate his office and asked the barracks department to adjust in time to arrange accommodation for the new leader.
At the meeting, Song Shilun stressed that the new leadership group should work creatively, adhere to things that are in line with the development of the times, and abolish outdated regulations. Even in the face of difficulties, we must put the interests of the party and the people first, and do not consider personal gains or losses.
Even after his retirement, Song Shilun was still working on the compilation of the Encyclopedia of Chinese Affairs. At one point, he was unconscious in his hospital bed, and when he woke up, he cared about editing until he fainted.
Under the leadership of Song Shilun, the military encyclopedia fulfilled its mission with high quality, and made contributions to cultivating the encyclopedia compilation team and promoting the development of China's encyclopedia.
In his later years, Song Shilun would sit at his desk for a while every day, staring at the map of the People's Republic of China on the wall, and his heart was full of emotion. He pondered that New China had been established for so long, and Taiwan still had not been able to return to the embrace of the motherland.
Therefore, he took out valuable time to study the international situation around China and make suggestions for the First Central Military Commission. On July 11, 1991, this highly successful general died of illness.
On his deathbed, he left a message: "Remember history, because that is our glory." "General Song Shilun used his life to interpret the value of a Chinese Communist.
Like General Song Shilun, we must always remember history and continue to strive for the strength of the motherland.