The three feudal clans refer to the three Han generals who were canonized by the Qing Dynasty to destroy the Ming Dynasty and the Dashun Army and the Daxi Army.
They were: Wu Sangui, King of Pingxi (who governed Yunnan and Guizhou), Shang Kexi, King of Pingnan (who governed Guangdong), and Geng Jingzhong, King of Jingnan (who first moved to Sichuan, then moved to Guangxi, and finally guarded Fujian).
In addition, the Qing court also canonized a Dingnan king Kong Youde, Kong Youde was originally the general of Mao Wenlong, the chief soldier of Dongjiang Town in the Ming Dynasty, and in the fifth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (in 1632, he and Geng Jingzhong's grandfather Geng Zhongming led his troops to cross the sea and surrender to the Qing Dynasty), and was named the king of Gongshun by the Qing court. In the third year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty (1649), he was renamed the king of Dingnan, and awarded the general of Pingnan, and led the army south to conquer the Southern Ming court. Later, the Jingjiang palace of the Ming Dynasty was used as the palace of Dingnan, and it was the place where the Qing court guarded a province in Guangxi. In the sixth year of Yongli (1652), Li Dingguo, the king of Xining in the Southern Ming Dynasty, besieged Kong Youde in Guilin City, and Kong Youde died in the hopeless situation of breaking through several times (one said that Kong Youde contacted Li Dingguo's general Ma Jinzhong through his ministry Wang Yuncheng to discuss surrender to save his life. Before an agreement was reached, the Ming army had already broken the city, and Kong Youde died in fear). Kong Youde's only son, Kong Tingxun, was captured by the Ming army, and was executed by Li Dingguo in the thirteenth year of Yongli of the Ming Dynasty (1659). So the prince of Dingnan was broken, and only his daughter Kong Sizhen escaped from the Kong family. In the twentieth year of Yongli (1666), the Qing court had to appoint his husband Sun Yanling as the general of Guangxi, commanding Kong Youde's old army and garrisoning Guangxi.
In the twelfth year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (the twenty-seventh year of the Yongli Dynasty of the Ming Dynasty, 1673 AD), the Han vassal kings of the Qing Dynasty were left with only three kings: the king of Pingxi, the king of Pingnan, and the king of Jingnan. The power of the three feudatories in the provinces they defended was much greater than that of the local localities**, and they could control the local army, taxes, etc. Among them, Wu Sangui has high merit and strong soldiers, and most of the elite soldiers and fierce generals in the Quartet belong to his subordinates. The Qing court also promoted its generals Wang Fuchen to the governor of Shaanxi, Li Benshen to the governor of Guizhou, Wu Zhimao to the general army of Sichuan, and Ma Bao, Wang Pingfan, Wang Xu and other ten people to the general army of Yunnan. The power of the three feudatories is almost half of the country's. The Qing court also allowed Wu Sangui to act cheaply, and Yun and Gui Fu were all subject to his control, except for the civil and military **, known as the "Western Election", and the officials of the "Western Election" were all over the place. At that time, there was a saying that "the officials elected by the West are all over the world". In addition to the political and military threats, the economic feudatories also became a major burden to the Qing court. In the seventeenth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (the fourteenth year of Yongli in the Ming Dynasty, 1660 AD), Yunnan Province received more than 9 million salaries, plus the transportation salaries of the two feudal domains of Guangdong and Fujian, and the annual demand was more than 20 million. The neighboring provinces were unable to save the losses, so they were supplied to the south of the Yangtze River, resulting in half of the Qing Dynasty's wealth being spent on the three feudatories. Especially after the death of anti-Qing leaders such as Li Dingguo, King of Southern Ming and Jin, Zheng Chenggong of Yanping, and Li Laiheng, Duke of Linguo, the wave of resistance to Qing in Chinese mainland gradually died out. Under the death of rabbits and dogs, the issue of the three feudatories gradually became an urgent problem for the Qing court to solve.
Therefore, after Kangxi ascended the throne, he took the three feudatories, river affairs, and Cao Yun as the three major events, and the three feudatories ranked first among the three major events.
After Wu Sangui captured and killed the last emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty, Emperor Yongli, in the second year of Kangxi (the seventeenth year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1663 AD), the Qing court confiscated his seal letter from the general of Pingxi on the grounds that the military operations of Yunnan and Guizhou had stopped. In the sixth year of Kangxi (the twenty-first year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1667 AD), he took the opportunity of Wu Sangui's resignation to take charge of the affairs of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, and ordered the governors of the two provinces to obey the orders of **. At the same time, he was also deprived of judicial privileges, "the fugitives under the Pingxi Domain will all be tried by the Division, and Zhang Jing shall not interfere."
At the same time, steps were quietly taken to gradually weaken Sangui's power. Aobai, who held great power in the DPRK, began to disperse the three clans, especially Wu Sangui's henchmen, and successively transferred Zhao Tingchen, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, to the post of governor of Zhejiang, Daniel Zhang to the governor of Ningxia, Wang Fuchen to the governor of Guyuan, Ma Ning to the governor of Shandong, Li Benshen to the governor of Guizhou, Wu Degong to the governor of Huguang, Yan Ziming to the governor of Guangdong, Liu Jinzhong to the commander of Chaozhou, and Wang Jingong to the governor of Fujian. These people were all Wu Sangui's confidants and generals, and the imperial court transferred them out of Yunnan one by one. Wu Sangui once carefully built the "Loyal and Brave Battalion" and "Volunteer Battalion" and installed his cronies. In May of the fourth year of Kangxi (the 19th year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1665 AD), the imperial court readjusted the appointment of the generals of the two battalions and changed the station: Zhao Liangdong, the chief military officer of Guangluo in Yunnan, was appointed as the chief military officer of Guizhou Bila, Liu Zhifu, the chief military officer of the right battalion of Yunnan "Zhongyong", was the chief military officer of Guizhou Dafang, Li Rubi, the chief military officer of the former battalion of Yunnan "Zhongyong", was the chief military officer of Shuixi, Guizhou, Wang Hui, the chief military officer of the middle battalion of Yunnan "Yiyong", was the chief military officer of Guangluo, and Ta Xince, the chief military officer of the "loyal and brave" rear battalion, was the chief military officer of Dingguang, Guizhou. Wang Ping, the chief military officer of Sinan, Guizhou, is the chief military officer of Anlong. In the fifth year of Kangxi (the twentieth year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1666 AD), Wusa Tufu was changed to Weining Mansion; In February of the sixth year of Kangxi (the twenty-first year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1667 AD), Ta Xince was transferred to the chief military officer of Weining. In March of the eighth year of Kangxi (the twenty-third year of the Yongli of the Ming Dynasty, 1669 AD), Zhao Liangdong, the chief military officer of Pingyuan (Bila) in Guizhou, was transferred to Datong, Shanxi as the chief military officer.
In February of the fifth year of Kangxi (the twentieth year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1666 AD), the imperial court took further organizational measures to once again weaken the military strength of Sangui's "loyalty and bravery" and "righteousness and bravery". In the name of increasing the chief military officer of Kaihua Town in Yunnan, the general officer of the "loyal and brave" middle battalion was eliminated, and the officers and soldiers under it were merged into the jurisdiction of Kaihua Town, and the chief military officer was appointed by Gao Qilong, the former chief officer of the "loyal and brave" left battalion, and Ma Bao, the chief military officer of the "loyal and brave" middle battalion, was appointed as the chief military officer of Qu Xun and Wuzhan.
After several transfers by the Qing court, the two battalions of "Loyal and Brave" and "Righteous and Brave" built by Wu Sangui have become in name only.
At the same time, Emperor Kangxi went around the three feudatories, especially Wu Sangui's subordinates, and showed more kindness.
According to the record of the ancestors of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi was deeply worried that "the three feudatories all hold the handles of the army, and they are afraid that they will grow over time and be tamed". Although he had long planned to withdraw from the feudal domain, he was worried that the three feudal feudatories would have a strong army, so he did not dare to act rashly. In the year or two before the withdrawal of the feudal domain, that is, from the eleventh year of Kangxi (the twenty-sixth year of the Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1672 AD) to the beginning of the twelfth year (the twenty-seventh year of the Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1673), the Kangxi Emperor was very concerned about the movements of Yungui and Guizhou, purposefully carried out personnel changes, and encircled Sangui's subordinates in many ways. In July of the eleventh year of Kangxi (the twenty-sixth year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1672 AD), Emperor Kangxi suddenly decided to "conquer Burma, obtain the pseudo Yongli Zhu Youlang and enter Yunnan, Guizhou, and conquer the water and west", and rewarded Wu Sangui's subordinates for their meritorious soldiers; He Jinzhong, the commander of the capital, was awarded the first-class Jingqi Nihafan, and the commander of the army, Xia Guoxiang, and the deputy commander Wu Yingzheng were the first-class Ashani Hafan; Wu Guogui, deputy commander Gao Dejie, Gao Gong, and counselor Fu Qidong are second-class Ashani Hafan; Yang Yanxian, the son of the late Yang Shen, the deputy capital commander, was a first-class Ashani Hafan; The late deputy capital commander Li Tianzhi, Fu Wenyuan's son Li Tingbi, and Fu Tianzhu were second-class Ashani Hafan; There are 127 people below Yang Fengyuan, who are the leaders of the self-protection army, and they are all awarded different positions.
More than ten years have passed since the expedition to Yungui, but it was not until the eleventh year of Kangxi (the twenty-sixth year of the Yongli calendar of the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1672 AD) that the meritorious service was conferred, from which we can get a glimpse of Kangxi's intention to show favor to the generals of Wu Sangui and deepen their loyalty to the Qing court. In May of the 11th year of Kangxi (the 26th year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1672 AD), the Qing court appointed Zhang Zufa, the chief of staff of the Sangui Domain, as the chief military officer of Yunnan to aid and suppress the right town. Zhang Zufa was suddenly mentioned as the chief military officer from the staff leader, which was actually an exceptional promotion, and Kangxi met him in Beijing and gave him a face-to-face lecture: "Zite Jian conferred the post of the chief of the frontier, and he practiced the soldiers, repaired the equipment, and helped the soldiers and the people to be safe, and the deputy was one and the most loving." In June of the same year, Ma Weixing, the chief officer of the Yunnan "Volunteer Battalion", was transferred to Xinghua, Fujian Province as the chief military officer. In July, the first class guard Wu Thant was sent to convey his edict: "I hereby grant Er, the coastal land of Fujian, which is different from other towns, and you must guard it with intent to fulfill your duties." "Give Ma Weixing a full set of gold armor and two horses on the outside. Kangxi's edict and reward made it clear to Ma Weixing that the emperor valued him especially and gave him more generous courtesy than other general military officers. The Qing court's promotion and edicts to Zhang Zufa and Ma Weixing, as well as the reception and dispatch of special envoys to reward them, were all unusual. Prior to this, Kangxi also promoted Wang Yongqing, a staff leader, to the chief military officer of Qianxi, Guizhou, and promoted Wang Jing, deputy general of the Central Army of Yunnan Zuozhen, to the chief military officer of Yunnan's aid to the right town.
At the same time, Emperor Kangxi also sent his cronies to Yungui. At the beginning of the tenth year of Kangxi (the twenty-fifth year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1671), Emperor Kangxi Jian sent Cao Shenji, the right attendant of the Ministry of Officials, as the governor of Guizhou. But when Wu Sangui rebelled, he rebelled against Wu. Tong Fengcai, the former governor of Guizhou, was appointed governor of Henan. In April of the same year, Li Tianyu, the governor of Yunnan, "asked for lifelong recuperation", which was approved by the Qing court. In May, Zhu Guozhi, the former governor of Jiangning, was appointed governor of Yunnan. The governor of Yunnan and Guizhou was appointed at the end of the seventh year of Kangxi (the twenty-second year of the Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1668), and the former governor Bian Sanyuan was the person of Wu Sangui, he proposed to "raise the old mother for the rest of his life", and the holy ancestor did not comfort him, and immediately promoted the governor of Zhili Gan Wenkun to the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, and at the beginning of the eighth year (the twenty-third year of the Yongli calendar of the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1669), he added the title of secretary of the military department to the power of important matters. In May of the eleventh year of Kangxi (the twenty-sixth year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1672 AD), Li Xingyuan of Longyou Dao, Shaanxi Province, was promoted to Yunnan according to the inspection department.
The Chief Military Officer is the highest military commander in the locality and has a great deal of influence. Emperor Kangxi adjusted the candidates for the general military officers of Yunnan and Guizhou from time to time, and in February of the tenth year of Kangxi (the twenty-fifth year of the Yongli calendar of the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1671 AD), Du Hui, the chief military officer of the Guangdong Right Road Water Division, replaced Chen De, who was "begging for rest due to illness", and served as the chief military officer of Yongbei, Yunnan. In November of the 11th year of Kangxi (the 26th year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1672 AD), Wu Qifeng, the former chief military officer of Raoping, Guangdong, was the chief military officer of Anlong, Guizhou. In December, Ma Ning, the former commander-in-chief of Yunnan Town, was transferred out and promoted to the governor of Huguang. In the first month of the twelfth year of Kangxi (the twenty-seventh year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1673), Shi Weipu, the chief of the Sangui Domain, was appointed as the chief military officer of Yunnan to aid the suppression of Houzhen.
Since the beginning of the Shunzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing court has adopted the method of retaining the quality of the Han officials who went south to conquer the Ming Dynasty, especially the three feudal domains, not only leaving their sons and nephews in Beijing (Beijing) to contain the Han officials, but also cultivating the loyalty of the second generation of these feudal lords to the Qing court.
Among the Han officials, there are no more favorites than Wu Sangui and Shang Kexi, Geng Zhongming, Kong Youde and others. When they drove south, Wu Sangui sent his eldest sons Wu Yingxiong and Shang Kexi to send his third sons Shang Zhilong and Geng Jimao (his father Geng Zhongming had passed away) to send his second son Zhaozhong and his third son Juzhong to Beijing and serve the ancestors. In June of the seventh year of Kangxi (the twenty-second year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1668), Shang Kexi took the initiative to send his eldest son Shang Zhixin to "serve" Kangxi, and was praised by Emperor Kangxi. The Qing court gave these children who served in the Ming Dynasty a favorable status, and they were all recruited as foreheads, which showed the meaning of envelopment; In fact, they are secretly taking them hostage. The sons of Wu Sangui and others were in the hands of the imperial court, and they did not dare to be rebellious, so they could only be cautious and loyal to the Qing Dynasty.
It is self-evident that the Qing court and Sanwu Gui and others have their own hearts. Since their son stayed in Jingshi, they just took advantage of this condition to keep an eye on the movements of the imperial court. Wu Sangui had this in mind, so he arranged one of his relatives, Hu Xinshui, to be next to Ying Xiong and instructed him: "My son is young and ignorant, so I bother you to take care of everything on your behalf." Hu Xinshui comprehended and took care of the daily affairs of Wu Yingxiong's mansion. He "spends money like dirt, up and down, left and right." Everything about Wu Sangui relied on the courtiers who bought it to speak for him. According to the "Court Records", he specialized in spying on "secret affairs" and reported to Wu Sangui in a timely manner; Wu Yingxiong also paid attention to the actions of the imperial court, "gathering more traitors, scattering money, and traveling in all directions", and he "flew to report the news" of Wu Sangui Although he was thousands of miles away, every move in the court was well understood. The court and Sangui were suspicious of each other, and they tacitly understood each other. Of course, the court tried not to make them aware of the court's suspicions. However, with the end of the large-scale war and the stability of the overall situation, the court found that these kings with different surnames with heavy troops were a potential danger to it. This concern is growing day by day. But the Qing court did not dare to deliberately show suspicion. On the one hand, while quietly transferring Wu Sangui's cronies and subordinates, he also showed favor to Wu Sangui from time to time.
In the first month of the seventh year of Kangxi (the twenty-second year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1668), Wu Sangui's son Wu Yingxiong was promoted to the young master and the crown prince. In order to show the emperor's grace and immenseness, he also promoted Geng Juzhong, Geng Zhaozhong, the grandson of the late King Geng Zhongming of Jingnan, and Shang Zhilong, the third son of Shang Kexi, King of Pingnan, to the young master of the crown prince. In contrast, Wu Yingxiong's title was still higher than that of Geng Juzhong and the others, which clearly implied to the three Wu Gui that the imperial court was unique to their father and son.
After the Qing court promoted Wu Yingxiong's title, he made an appointment with Kangxi.
At the turn of eight or nine years, he was ordered to go to Yunnan to visit his father Sangui, and once again showed that the court cared for him. ordered Wu Yingxiong to go out of Beijing to visit the sick, which was enough to comfort Wu Sangui. In this regard, the imperial court showed generosity and conformed to human nature, but did not reveal its suspicions, and still trusted as usual. Wu Sangui also knew that he was interested in it, and in early August of the ninth year of Kangxi (the twenty-fourth year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1670), he reported to the imperial court: On August 26, "Wu Yingxiong was still sent from Yunnan to Beijing." After Wu Yingxiong visited his illness, Wu Sangui did not dare to keep more sons, and happily sent him back to Beijing, showing his unchanging loyalty to the imperial court.
In the eleventh year of Kangxi (the twenty-sixth year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty, 1672), Wu Sangui turned 60 years old and held a birthday celebration. Wu Yingxiong, his wife, Princess Jianning, and his son, Wu Shifan, came to Kunming to celebrate his birthday. Wu Sangui was very happy, and quietly said to Fang Guangchen and the others: "It can be seen that the court does not suspect me, you all have to be cautious." ”
However, all kinds of grace are based on the contradictions between the two sides that have not yet been fully aroused. Wu Sangui was bent on emulating the Mu clan of the Ming Dynasty and wanted to "defend Yunnan and rest with the country", as long as the Qing court did not touch the root of his interests, he was unwilling to break with the Qing court. However, there were insurmountable contradictions between Wu Sangui's "Shizhen Yunnan" and Shang Kexi's and Geng Jingzhong's "independent kingdom" and the increasingly strengthened system of the Qing court. From the point of view of Manchu-Han relations, in the vast number of Han people, especially in the scholar class, the rule of the Manchu aristocracy is not yet willing, ** to a certain extent, there exists, especially the three Han kings with different surnames occupy such a vast area, such a thick army, and such abundant assets, the Qing Dynasty rulers can not sit back and relax no matter what, it has regarded the issue of the three feudatories as a hidden danger, so it is highly vigilant and closely watches their moves. Its various preferential treatment of the "three kings" is intended to be enveloped, and it is intended to take continuous favors, continuous promotions, and even marriages, all in order to stabilize them, and once the time is ripe, it still has to withdraw the feudal domain, in order to fundamentally eliminate the hidden dangers once and for all. That is to say, subjectively, the imperial court did not want the three feudatories to exist permanently. Therefore, the contradictions between Wu Sangui and the other three feudatories and the imperial court cannot be eliminated, and the rupture of the two sides is only a matter of time!
In March of the thirteenth year of Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (the twenty-eighth year of Yongli in the Ming Dynasty, 1673 AD), Shang Kexi, the king of Pingnan who guarded Guangdong, requested to return to the old Liaodong and leave his son Shang Zhixin to guard Guangdong. After the Qing court discussed with the two departments of households and soldiers and the minister of the council king Baylor, it was believed that if Shang Zhixin supported the army to stay in Guangdong, it would be difficult to control it, so Emperor Kangxi decided to withdraw all the southern domains.
When Wu Sangui, the king of Pingxi, and Geng Jingzhong, the king of Jingnan, heard the news, they also successively requested the withdrawal of troops in July of the same year to test the will of the imperial court. After the discussion of the household and the second army department, Wu Sangui and the 53 leading officers and soldiers of the department moved together. The Council of Ministers of the Council of Ministers of the Parliamentary Monarchy was dismissed, and many scholars, such as Suo Etu and Tuhai, thought that the three feudatories could not be moved. Only the criminal department Shangshu Moluo, the household department Shangshu Mi Sihan, and the military department Shangshu Mingzhu urged the migration of the domain. Emperor Kangxi then ordered the Minister of the Council and the Minister of Jiuqing Kedao to discuss and draw a performance. The kings saw different things, but they still held two opinions. Emperor Kangxi took into account that the feudal town had held heavy troops for a long time, and the momentum was large, which was not the benefit of the state; I also thought that Wu Sangui's son, Geng Jingzhong's brothers, all stayed in Jingshi, and forgave Wu and Geng that they could not start a rebellion. He then ordered the three feudatories to withdraw and return to Shanhaiguan.
Wu Sangui and Geng Jingzhong's request to move the feudal domain was to test the reaction of the Qing court, not the original intention. Wu Sangui hoped that the imperial court would stay in comfort, as the precedent of Ming Mu Yingshi guarding Yunnan. When the order to withdraw the feudal domain was issued, all the internal fires were burned, and in anger, he conspired with his henchmen, secretly deployed troops and horses, banned the postal message, only allowed to enter but not to leave, and colluded with the old department of other provinces, and contacted Geng Jingzhong to make peace and prepare for rebellion.
So Wu Sangui dared to raise troops to rebel against the Qing Dynasty, how many soldiers and horses were there under the Pingxi Domain?
According to historical records, after Wu Sangui pacified Yunnan, his army was as large as 70,000, and after being reduced, Daniel Zhang, Zhao Liangdong, Wang Fuchen and other troops were transferred from Yungui to part of the army. There are still 53 banner soldiers, four towns in Yunnan, five battalions of loyalty, five battalions of volunteers, and "tens of thousands of people in Dingkou".
Among them, there are 53 banner soldiers, according to the eight banners of the Qing court, "five Ding out of one armor, and two hundred A set up one leader", with a total of 10,600 soldiers. There are 42,400 strong men.
The aid to suppress the four towns was set up at the request of Wu Sangui and the Qing court. In October of the seventeenth year of Shunzhi (the fifteenth year of Yongli of the Ming Dynasty, 1660 AD), his request was approved, and the appointment was officially issued in the name of the imperial court.
Aid to the Four Towns and its generals are:
Yunnan aided the former town chief military officer, with Sichuan right road chief military officer, right governor Ma Ning as the post;
Yunnan aided the suppression of the chief military officer of Zuo Town, and Shen Yingshi, the chief military officer of the left road of Sichuan and the governor of the department, served as the officer;
Yunnan aided the suppression of the right town of the chief military officer, with Huguang Yiyang chief military officer, the governor of the department and the governor of the same governor Wang Fuchen;
Yunnan aided the suppression of the town of the chief military officer, with the governor of the same Yang Wu as the governor.
The four towns are not stationed in Kunming, but are stationed in four important areas of Yunnan: the left town is stationed in Wuding Mansion (Wuding), the right town is stationed in Qujing Mansion (Qujing), the former town is stationed in Chuxiongfu (Chuxiong), and the rear town is stationed in Erhaiwei, that is, Yunnan County (Xiangyun). According to the "Yunnan Tongzhi" records the military structure of each town, under the general military officer, there are 3 guerrillas in the center, left and right, 3 garrisons, 6 thousand generals, and 12 generals, with 600 cavalry, 1,500 infantry, and 900 garrisons, which is the soldier of one town, a total of 3,000, and 12,000 in four towns. When Wu Sangui raised troops against the Qing Dynasty, the general officers of the four towns may have been transferred, but the strength of the troops basically did not change much. The reinforcement of the four towns was one of the main forces of his army.
The 5th Battalion of Loyalty and the 5th Battalion of Volunteers were set up by Wu Sangui with the consent of the Qing court in order to accommodate the soldiers of the Southern Ming Army and the rest of the Great Western Army. Wu Sangui nominated ten general officers to lead the following battalions:
The five battalions and the chief officer of the "Loyal and Brave Battalion" are:
Loyal and brave" in the camp right governor Ma Bao.
Li Rubi, the former governor of the camp.
The governor of the left camp is the same as Gao Qilong.
Liu Zhifu, the general of the right battalion.
The rear battalion adjutant general Ta Xince.
The five battalions and the chief officer of the "Volunteer Battalion" are:
"Righteous and brave" in the camp right capital governor of the king meeting.
Former battalion deputy general Liu said.
The left camp and the left capital governor Ma Weixing.
The right battalion is the governor of Wu Zisheng.
Yang Wei, deputy general of the rear battalion.
Among these two battalions, each is divided into 5 battalions: middle, front, rear, left and right, with a total of 10 battalions, and each battalion has 1,200 horse infantry soldiers. Therefore, the "Loyal and Brave" and "Righteous and Brave" have 6,000 horse infantry per battalion, and the combined two battalions have 12,000 soldiers. The generals of the two battalions each have 5 general officers, 5 guerrilla officers, 5 garrison officers, 10 thousand general officers, and 4 general officers. In the case of each small battalion of the two battalions, there are a total of 10 battalions, and each battalion has 1 general officer, 1 garrison, 2 thousand, and 4 generals.
The four towns and the ten battalions of "Loyal and Brave" and "Righteous and Brave", together with the old generals brought from Liaoxi, constituted Wu Sangui's descendant troops, and in the early years of Kangxi, although there were some cuts and mergers, the construction was changed, but its main components did not change.
Therefore, when Wu Sangui raised his army, the 34,600 cronies in the formation were these 34,600 people, as well as 42,400 Zhuangding under the jurisdiction of Wu Sangui's Pingxi Domain.
Under the Pingnan Wang's domain, there are fifteen banner soldiers, two wings of the green battalion, and 20,000 people in Dingkou.
Among them, fifteen leaders made a total of 3,000 soldiers.
The left wing of Pingnan commanded 4,000 troops, divided into five battalions: front, rear, center, left, and right. Each battalion has guerrillas, garrisons, one for each thousand, and two for the general. Each commander was 800 troops.
The right wing of Pingnan commanded 3,500 troops, divided into five battalions: front, rear, center, left, and right. Each battalion has guerrillas, garrisons, one for each thousand, and two for the general. 700 troops each.
Therefore, when the Pingnan Domain raised troops in Shangzhixin, the cronies in the formation were these 10,000 and 500 people, as well as 20,000 Zhuangding under the jurisdiction of Shangzhixin Pingnan Domain.
The Jingnan Wang's domain is roughly the same as the Pingnan Domain, and there are also 15 banner soldiers, the left and right wings of the green battalion, and 20,000 people in Dingkou.
Among them, fifteen leaders made a total of 3,000 soldiers.
The left wing of Jingnan commanded 3,500 troops, divided into five battalions: front, rear, center, left, and right. Each battalion has guerrillas, garrisons, one for each thousand, and two for the general. 700 troops each.
The right wing of Jingnan commanded 3,500 troops, divided into five battalions: front, rear, center, left, and right. Each battalion has guerrillas, garrisons, one for each thousand, and two for the general. 700 troops each.
Therefore, when Geng Jingzhong, the king of Jingnan, raised his army, the cronies and subordinates were these 10,000 people, as well as 20,000 Zhuangding people under the jurisdiction of the Jingnan Wang's domain.
In addition, Sun Yanling, the son-in-law of Kong Youde, the king of Dingnan, also held his father-in-law, the fifteen assistants of the old department of the Dingnan Domain, with a total of 3,000 people.
Therefore, it can be concluded that when Wu Sangui and other feudatories launched an anti-Qing movement, the three feudatories had a total of 58,100 people in the old department of the Dingnan Domain. It was in more than 50,000 soldiers that the last cry of the Han nation was issued. It led to an arduous eight-year-long rebellion in the three feudatories.