Those who are familiar with the history of the Three Kingdoms know that the Qiang Rebellion brought a heavy blow to the economy of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and even gave birth to a number of powerful Liangzhou warlords, which became the fuse for the demise of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
The Qiang people were mainly distributed in the eastern part of present-day Qinghai, which bordered the barbarians of Shu and Han, and the northwest of Shanshan and Cheshi.
The Qiang people had a close relationship with the Central Plains as early as ancient times and participated in Dayu's water control. When King Wu was defeated, the Qiang people also sent troops to help. After the rise of the Qin Dynasty, the Qiang people were forced to move inward, forming many states with the surname Jiang.
Although the Qin people blocked the eastward advance of the Qiang people, they undoubtedly brought advanced technology with them. It's all thanks to one person: the Sword. In the language of the Qiang people, slaves are called "Wuyi", and the leaders are called "warsword".
Wuyi learned advanced techniques such as ploughing, sowing, harvesting, and grinding from the Qin people. Later, he fled and hid in the cave in the pursuit of the Qin people, and the pursuers set fire to the cave outside, intending to burn the Wuyi Sword to death, but miraculously, the Wuyi Sword was unharmed.
After returning to the Qiang tribe, the Qiang heard about this magical experience, regarded it as a deification, and embraced him as the leader of the tribe. What is the real reason why Wu Yi Sword can become the leader of the tribe?
He knows how to farm. The Qiang people, like the Xiongnu, mainly focused on animal husbandry, and after the agricultural technology learned by Wuyi Jian from the Qin people was brought back to Hehuang, the Qiang people's science and technology tree was lit up, and the agricultural technology was rapidly improved, and it gradually became a nation of agriculture and animal husbandry.
In which foreign dynasty did this economic method of farming and animal husbandry seem to be familiar? Distant. The reason why the Liao Dynasty was able to compete with the Central Plains at its peak was because of the political system of the northern and southern courts and the mixed economic system of agriculture and animal husbandry.
In terms of economic potential and mobilization capacity, the Qiang people have far surpassed the Xiongnu, and are far ahead of Wuhuan and Xianbei. This is also why the Eastern Han Dynasty completely wiped out the Northern Xiongnu after several heavy blows to the Northern Xiongnu, and after the five great wars of the Han and Qiang, the Qiang people were not only not eliminated, but became stronger and stronger.
One of the very important reasons is that after the population, the mode of production changed from hunting to farming and animal husbandry, the Qiang people's science and technology tree was lit up, and agricultural technology was rapidly improved, and they gradually became a nation of farming and animal husbandry.
The Qiang people, like the Xiongnu, mainly livestocked. After the agricultural technology that Wuyi Jian learned from the Qin people was brought back to Hehuang, the Qiang people's technology tree was lit up, the agricultural technology was lit up, and miraculously, he was blocked by the Qin people.
Liu Xiu's policy looks good on the surface, but he ignores a key problem, which is that the Han Chinese population in Liangzhou and Bingzhou has been greatly reduced! When the Qiang entered the interior, they began to live in peace with the Han people, because the population was sparse and the land was vast, and the Qiang had not yet touched the core interests of the Han people.
However, this situation did not last long, and the local prefectures and counties began to take an interest in this piece of fat and forced the Qiang to pay taxes. The local ** treated the Qiang people very poorly, and they oppressed, ** and harassed the people, which greatly stimulated the racial hatred of the Qiang people.
In Liangzhou, the Qiang suffered the most oppression, this place was close to the Western Regions Protectorate and the Northern Xiongnu, and undertook the important task of providing grain and grass for the Western Regions garrison and the Northern Expeditionary Army, so the financial pressure was very great.
The local Qiang not only had to pay taxes, but also often went to the front line as soldiers to die.
What was the cause of this rebellion? It turned out that the imperial court forcibly moved Dangdangqiang to the area of Longxi, and Dangqiang cooperated, but when it arrived in Longxi, there was another incident of county officials plundering Qiang women, which directly caused the Qiang rebellion.
Zhang Wei sent Sima Fang to lead more than 1,000 cavalry and Jincheng soldiers to fight Miwu in Mucheng Valley, and after the defeat of Miwu, he sent an envoy to surrender, but Zhang Wei pretended to accept it.
Mi Wu's son, Mi Tang, was very angry and exchanged protons with Yao He, Dang Pan, Dang Khotan and others to form an alliance. The coalition army of 5,000 people invaded the border fortress of Longxi, and the Longxi Taishou Kou Xuan fought with Mi Tang in Baishi, and Mi Tang failed, and withdrew to the big and small Yu Valley.
Mi Tang then recruited the Zhuhu of the Eastern Han Dynasty vassal state to come back, and even Zhang Wei could not resist (the north recruited the subject state Zhuhu, gathered the affiliated tribes, and the number of tribes increased, and Zhang Wei could not resist).
The imperial court arranged for Deng Xun, the former Zhangye Taishou, to serve as the captain of the Qiang Guard. Deng Xun, whose name is Uncle Ping, is the sixth son of Deng Yu, the founder of the country. On weekdays, he is generous to people, a corporal of courtesy, and is deeply loved by people (originally served as Langzhong.
Deng Xun was willing to give alms and treat the corporal with courtesy, and many scholars and doctors attached themselves to him). After Deng Xun served as the captain of Huqiang, he still adhered to Zhao Chongguo's strategy and focused on pacification.
The reason why Mi Tang was able to defeat Zhang Wei was due to the Hu people of the Xiaoyue clan, which had 2,000 elite cavalry, brave and strong (the Hu people of the Xiaoyue clan were distributed in the border fortress, and there were 2,000 elite cavalry, because they were brave and strong, every time they fought with the Qiang people, they often won more with less) Deng Xun ordered to open the city gate and the back garden gate of his own residence, so that all the wives and children of the Hu people could live in, and at the same time send heavy troops to guard it.
Hu people in Huangzhong were overjoyed: The imperial court wanted us to fight with each other, and now Deng Yuanjun treated us with kindness and credibility, opened the door to accommodate our wives and children, and we were able to reunite with our parents (the Han family often wants to fight my Cao, and now Deng Yuanjun treats me with kindness, and my wife is my parents when I open the door) From then on, I only listened to Deng Yuanjun's orders (only the order of the envoy).
Do you remember what Zhao Chongguo said before? Don't oppress the aliens too much, choose good officials and know their customs, but how many ** can do this in the Eastern Han Dynasty?
After the success of dividing the Hu people, Deng Xun turned his attention to the Qiang people. He asked people to send a large amount of property to the pro-Han Qiang tribe, so that they could attract each other and come to Shun, under Deng Xun's money offensive, Mi Tang's uncle Wu also sensed the call of the imperial court and came to surrender with more than 800 households.
Seeing that the time was ripe, Deng Xun sent troops to defeat Mi Tang in Writing Valley, capturing more than 10,000 horses, cattle and sheep. Mi Tang did not give up, and soon made a comeback, this time Deng Xun only sent the chief Shi Ren Shang to command, and easily defeated Mi Tang, captured 2,000 people, captured more than 30,000 horses, cattle, and sheep, and the power of Mi Tang was almost wiped out, and he was forced to follow far away, going west for more than 1,000 miles.
The small tribes that had previously belonged to Mi Tang betrayed one after another, and the leader of the burning tribe Donghao came to kowtow to ask for guilt, and the rest of the tribes also came to pay the pledge. After the defeat of the Qiang people, Deng Xun dismissed the soldiers guarding the border and let them each return to their original counties, leaving only more than 2,000 people to scatter the border passes and Tuntian, and repair the fortress of the city.
It's the same as Zhao Chongguo's operation! In the winter of the fourth year of Yongyuan, Deng Xun died of illness in office, after the news came out, thousands of Qiang people went to mourn every day, and some Qiang people even stabbed themselves with knives to express their grief: Deng Zhijun is dead, I am willing to go with him.
In order to commemorate Deng Xun, every family of the Qiang tribe has set up an ancestral hall to worship, which is the highest praise given by the Qiang people to Deng Xun! Soon after Deng Xun's death, Mi Tang invaded Jincheng County again, and the successor Qiang Lieutenant Guan You continued Deng Xun's policy, dividing the Qiang tribes with property, and then sent troops to defeat Mi Tang, and Mi Tang was forced to lead the tribe to migrate to distant places.
Guan You can still stabilize the situation, and after his death, there will be no one in Liangzhou who understands. Hanyang Taishou Shi Chong was defeated by the Tang Dynasty, Shi Chong was recalled to the capital for his crimes, and Liu Shang, the general of the expedition to the west, led 30,000 to return to the crusade in vain, and the emperor was furious, and directly recalled Liu Shang to the capital, and was imprisoned and removed from his official position.
Geng Tan did not move troops easily, but followed Deng Xun's strategy and tried to divide and win over the Qiang people. However, Mi Tang, who had already suffered losses, knew this strategy well, and under the pressure of Geng Tan, he had to go to Luoyang to negotiate peace.
However, when the Han army in Liangzhou began to build the river bridge, Mi Tang became more suspicious and frightened, and he returned to the Huangzhong region and coerced the local Hu tribe to launch a rebellion.
In order to completely solve the problem of the Tang Dynasty, Emperor He handed over all the troops in Liangzhou to Zhou Kun, the captain of Huqiang, but Zhou Kun could not move, and was soon recalled to Beijing, and Hou Ba took over as the captain of Huqiang and continued to fight.
After a series of wheel battles, the Han army finally defeated the Mi Tang, and many Qiang surrendered to the Han and were relocated to the Liangzhou counties of Hanyang, Anding, and Longxi. Mi Tang was forced to flee, and the first Qiang rebellion was completely quelled.