Words: Dr Mey
Review expert of this article: Professor Li Jing from the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University.
Introduction
In the popular "Hot and Hot" during the Spring Festival, the starring "Le Ying" successfully achieved 100 pounds within a year, setting off a new upsurge in people's pursuit of "health" and "beauty". The autologous reserve of adipose tissue is large and abundant, and it is a cheap and unlimited stem cell bank. In recent years, research on adipose stem cells has been deepening, and many beneficial practices have been produced in the field of beauty, anti-aging and plastic surgery. This article helps you understand the treasure trove of regenerative medicine resources of adipose tissue and how they can help people become healthier and more beautiful.
In the popular "Hot and Hot" during the Spring Festival, the starring "Le Ying" successfully achieved 100 pounds within a year, setting off a ** boom.
In this regard, I would like to remind you that the heroine in the movie has a professional team behind her (nutritionists, fitness coaches, doctors and psychological counselors, etc.), which requires detailed planning and super execution, and this kind of rapid weight loss in the short term is not suitable for most ordinary people! From a health and aesthetic point of view, the core goal is usually to reduce excess fat in order to reduce the risk of disease (e.g. cardiovascular disease, diabetes, etc.) and improve body proportions.
Liposuction: One of the most common procedures in cosmetic surgery
For fat loss, many people will first think of a fast and effective item - liposuction, which is also called liposuction by some people. It is a minimally invasive surgery to extract fat cells, the number of fat cells is reduced, and the naked eye looks naturally with the best and shaping effect.
Liposuction has become one of the most common cosmetic surgical procedures, which means that liposuction can be performed safely with qualified medical staff. The general process is to make a small incision in the liposuction site, and use liposuction instruments to suck out the accumulated fat in some parts of the body in a negative pressure suction way.
Today's liposuction surgery not only removes fat, but also reuses it to fill in the face, breasts and other areas.
Fattening into Treasure! Thrown away fat is a treasure trove of stem cells
Adipose stem cells contained in adipose tissue are stem cells with multi-directional differentiation potential, which have significant effects in restoring the repair function of tissue cells and promoting cell regeneration.
After the extracted fat is purified, the highly active fat cells and stem cells are retained, and the use of their own cells as fillers generally does not cause rejection, which is a safer and more stable way.
Since the discovery of adipose stem cells in 2001, clinical trials have been registered since 2004. Since 2011, the number of clinical trial registrations has increased year by year. In recent years, relevant clinical trials have remained at a high level.
In 2021, the Chinese Journal of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery published the Expert Consensus on the Research and Clinical Trials of Stem Cells in the Field of Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Surgery[1]. Consensus states:Adipose stem cells have good application practices in increasing tissue vascularization and anti-fibrosis, post-traumatic regeneration and wound healing, post-fat grafting regeneration, hair regeneration, bone and cartilage regeneration, etc.
Based on the current development trend, adipose stem cells will be applied in the field of plastic surgery in the following directions:
1) Cover burn wounds, defects or scars;
2) Implantation of adipose stem cells in the sagging and folds of the face to achieve facial rejuvenation;
3) Assist in body contouring to improve surgical results in fat filling on the breasts, buttocks and face;
4) Promote hair growth, reduce hair loss, etc.
Inventory: The application of adipose stem cells in the fields of beauty, anti-aging and plastic surgery
Let's take a look at the research literature on adipose stem cells in the field of plastic surgery in recent years, and help you understand the usefulness of adipose stem cells through actual research cases.
(1) Adipose stem cells and facial beauty and anti-aging
In 2017, Luan et al. reported data on the use of autologous adipose stem cells in facial soft tissue contouring [2]. They selected 100 patients who underwent facial soft tissue contouring in the Department of Burn Plastic Surgery, and used autologous adipose stem cells to inject into the nose, temporal, chin, nasolabial folds, subcutaneous wrinkles, facial depressions, and lower eyelid groove upper eyelid depressions. And follow-up for 12 months, observation and detailed record of the results.
The results showed that there were 93 cases of significant facial improvement, 7 cases of effective facial improvement, and the satisfaction rate of patients was 950%。The study showed that autologous adipose stem cells were used in patients who needed facial soft tissue contouring**,It can effectively improve the patient's facial soft tissue**, improve facial wrinkles, reduce the number of facial spots, reduce facial pores, and improve facial depression. It is an effective and safe facial contouring method with low postoperative complication rate and high safety, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
*From Ref. 2, Autologous Adipose Stem Cells Significantly Improve Facial Condition) According to the results of a study published by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons in 2020 [3]: Adipose stem cells** remodel the elastin network in just a few weeks, and the effect reaches deeper**. This human clinical trial enrolled 20 subjects who were injected with their own adipose stem cells in front of their ears. Histological analysis showed thatAdipose stem cells trigger repair and regeneration at the cellular and molecular levels, improving the overall structure. This can provide an idea for the anti-aging effect in the regeneration of photodamage.
*From Ref. 3, Adipose stem cells improve the **elastin network) was published in J pers. med.A review in the journal stated [4] that adipose stem cells are used for facial rejuvenation. And emphasize:Adipose stem cells are effective and safe for facial rejuvenation, but harvesting adipose stem cells requires certain technical skills and adequate equipment. They use a number of mechanisms to improve quality, which makes them superior to other known anti-aging agents.
(2) Adipose stem cells and breast augmentation
Breast augmentation is the filling of the breasts by external objects, mainly through surgery to make the breasts fuller. In addition, some patients with asymmetrical chest shape can also use breast augmentation to make the chest symmetrical, which plays a role in correcting the chest. However, incorrect breast augmentation can affect the health of the body and destroy the fat in the breasts.
In 2012, South Korean scholar Shin Dong-jin et al. reported the clinical effect of adipose** stem cell-assisted autologous fat grafting breast augmentation [5]. They selected 100 patients who underwent adipose** stem cell-assisted autologous fat grafting breast augmentation to study and analyze their clinical effects. The grafted fat preserved in the breast was basically successful in surviving 3 months after surgery, and there was no significant change in the effect of breast augmentation after that. Patients of different age groups can achieve satisfactory clinical results through adipose** stem cell-assisted autologous fat grafting breast augmentation. This result proves that the clinical effect of adipose stem cell-assisted autologous fat grafting breast augmentation is reliable and reliable.
*From Ref. 5, The clinical effect of adipose stem cell-assisted autologous fat grafting breast augmentation is stable) In 2022, the team of the Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery of Beijing Aerospace General Hospital released the results of the study on the application effect of autologous adipose stem cell gel transplantation breast augmentation [6]. In this study, 90 women who underwent breast augmentation surgery were selected as study subjects, and the control group underwent breast augmentation with prosthesis, and the observation group underwent autologous adipose stem cell gel transplantation.
The data showed that the chest bulge value was higher in the observation group after ** month compared to the control group (P< 005）；The preservation rate of the chest bulge value was stable and higher (P< 005）；The chest circumference value is higher (p< 0.05）；The retention rate of the chest circumference value was higher (p< 005）。The study shows:For women who need to undergo breast augmentation surgery, the application of adipose stem cell glue during breast augmentation with autologous fat grafting can achieve satisfactory breast maintenance results, strong safety and good breast augmentation results, which is worthy of further clinical promotion.
*From Ref. 6, Chest augmentation was better in the autologous adipose stem cell gel transplantation group).(3) Adipose stem cells and hair loss**
Seborrheic alopecia is currently the most common hair loss, mainly due to the excessive secretion of male hormones in the human body, also known as androgenetic alopecia. Adipose stem cell extract solution applied directly to the scalp can be used as a potential alternative to seborrheic alopecia** or as a supplement to finasteride or minoxidil**.
A 2020 study from South Korea [7] included 38 patients with seborrheic alopecia who applied adipose stem cell extract solution to their scalp twice daily with their fingers. Changes in the number and thickness of hairs were assessed by photograms. The results showedIn both male and female patients with seborrheic alopecia, the adipose stem cell extract solution significantly increases the number and thickness of hair. It is important to note that patients can use the adipose stem cell extract solution on their own and do not need to visit the hospital regularly. In addition, the application of adipose stem cell extract solution was well tolerated.
*From Ref. 7, adipose stem cell extract solutions have significantly increased hair number and thickness).Summary
The autologous reserve of adipose tissue is large and abundant, and it is a cheap and unlimited stem cell bank. In recent years, the research on adipose stem cells has been deepened, not only in the field of beauty and plastic surgery, but also in the field of inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's disease, osteoarthritis and other diseases, and has shown good application prospects. We believe that with the emergence of research results, fat will eventually "turn waste into treasure" and become a contribution to human health and beauty.
References: 1] Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Group, Plastic and Aesthetic Physician Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Hongwei Liu, Shu Guo, et al. Expert consensus on the research and clinical trials of stem cells in the field of plastic surgery and cosmetology[J].Chin J Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, 2021, 32(1):7doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-7040.2021.01.001.
2] Luan Fang, Sun Huachang, Zhu Chengliang, et al. Application of autologous adipose stem cells in facial soft tissue contouring[J].Laboratory Medicine & Clinical Medicine, 2017, 14(12):3
3]charles-de-sá l, gontijo-de-amorim nf, rigotti g, et al. photoaged skin therapy with adipose-derived stem cells. plast reconstr surg. 2020 jun;145(6):1037e-1049e.
4] adipose-derived stem cells for facial rejuvenation
5] Shen Dongchen, Chen Yueguang, Liu Yanfeng, et al. Analysis of clinical efficacy of adipose stem cell-assisted autologous fat grafting for breast augmentation[J].Advances in Modern General Surgery in China, 2012, 15(8):6
6] Guo Yu, Du Dingyun, Xie Huilun, et al. Observation on the application effect of adipose stem cell glue during autologous fat grafting breast augmentation[J].Chinese Journal of Modern Medicine, 2022, 24(9):3
7]tak yj, lee sy, cho ar, kim ys. a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled clinical study of hair regeneration using adipose-derived stem cell constituent extract in androgenetic alopecia. stem cells transl med. 2020 aug;9(8):839-849.