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GNSS displacement monitoring station is a high-precision displacement monitoring equipment based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).
GNSS displacement monitoring stations are divided into reference stations and measurement stations, which have the characteristics of high precision, low power consumption, high cost performance, and portable installation. The device is mainly composed of a GNSS antenna, a solar panel, a main control chassis (with a main control transmission module) and a mounting bracket. Through 4G or Ethernet, the data is uploaded to the environmental monitoring platform, which is powered by solar energy, and the installation is not limited by geographical terrain. It is suitable for surface displacement monitoring and deformation monitoring of buildings, such as landslides, slope displacement, bridge deformation, reservoir dams, mine geological disasters, etc.
In some areas, GNSS displacement monitoring stations have been installed and the measured positions are monitored 24 hours a day, but the staff still did not detect the abnormalities in advance. It is likely that this is due to the wrong installation or the wrong way of use, which can affect the measurement results.
When the reference station is installed, it needs to be installed far away from the displacement change according to the site selection requirements, if the base station and the measuring station are installed in a stable and reliable place at the displacement change, it will lead to errors in the measurement results.
There are 7 main types of GNSS positioning errors:
Orbit errors, satellite clock errors, ionospheric errors, tropospheric errors, multipath errors, receiver clock errors, and receiver noise. Among them, ionospheric error has the greatest impact on GNSS positioning.
The principles of monitoring effectiveness, environmental suitability, construction feasibility, maintenance safety and convenience should be followed when selecting and installing sites.
Where are the reference stations and measuring stations located?
The measuring station should be located in the place where the deformation of the disaster body is large and the stability state is poor; The base station should be located in a stable place on the periphery of the disaster body, that is, far away from the place where displacement changes are likely to occur.
Solar panels should be tuned!
There should be no shelter above the photovoltaic solar panels in the solar power supply system, otherwise it will cause the hot spot effect and the barrel effect of the current.
Photovoltaic solar panels should be installed at an angle of 20° to the southwest and an angle of 30° to 45° (so that the panels can get enough sunlight all year round).
How to set it up is up to you to set it up according to your local dimensions.
The installation location of the GNSS displacement monitoring station
The GNSS displacement monitoring station needs to be installed in the open air, and the monitoring position should ensure that the satellite search conditions are good, the location of the measurement point is empty, and there can be no obstacles in the sky above the 15° height cut-off angle.
Precautions: Stay away from low-lying places that are prone to water inundation.
Keep away from underground pipelines and electromagnetic interference.
Avoid installation in a hidden place with poor signal.