More dry goods and surprise gifts.
Zhu Wei. Cangli knows the etiquette, and the importance of "etiquette" is "li", and "li" originally meant sacrifice. "The major events of the country are in the worship and Rong", it is recorded in the "Wine Overview", "the beginning of wine is the sacrifice", wine in the world, the world is ritual, and the gods are served. The liquid made from different grains such as rice, sorghum, wheat, and millet is given the name of "liquor" and "liquor". Grain is the symbol of the essence of heaven and earth, and wine is the essence of grain brewing, and it is the product of the era of river and sea and abundance. In ancient times, the ancestors relied on the sky for food, and often pinned the harvest on the blessing of "heaven and earth" and "gods". Therefore, if they want to have good weather and abundant crops in the coming year, they must give back the essence of the five grains to heaven and earth, and offer the good things in the world to the gods.
Our ancestors did not do anything with wine for almost all their rituals. Wine carries the weight of the years, from history to the present, weddings and funerals, gold list titles, wine has long become a kind of social password, the fragrance of wine is everywhere, it is important, drinking is wine, making love. In another 12 days, we will usher in the traditional Chinese festival - the Spring Festival, the festival reunion, the old and the new, the ceremony can not be wasted, the wine is indispensable, only a glass of good wine to open the good wishes for the Year of the Dragon.
A drop of wine from grains, plums, peaches and fruits to the table, just like learning from the three Tibetan scriptures, has to pass five levels and cut six generals. With the progress of the times, in addition to relying on the skills passed down from generation to generation by craftsmen, modern analytical methods also play an increasingly important role in the presentation of wines.
The grain is the flesh of wine
Good grain can produce good wine, and different raw materials create a wide variety of wine styles. Only by controlling the quality of raw materials can we ensure the purity of the wine. The production environment of plants, such as temperature, moisture, and climate, has an important impact on the primary and secondary metabolism of plants. Non-targeted metabolomics is widely used in contemporary food analysis, and fingerprint analysis has gradually become a reliable means of geographic authentication. With the help of our ultra-high-resolution gas chromatography mass spectrometer GC orbitrap MS, the fingerprint can be used for the quality evaluation of raw materials and the identification of origin.
Case 1: Detection of multiple pesticide residues in wheat and other raw materials.
In this study, GC Orbitrap MS was used to screen and quantify more than 100 pesticide residues in wheat, tea and other substrates. Compared to triple quadrupole GC/MS, GC Orbitrap MS requires only a full scan method to accurately qualitatively quantify pesticide residues, which is more time-saving for method development. GC Orbitrap MS exhibits higher detection sensitivity and lower matrix effects in complex matrix samples, and the full scan data has retrospective analysis value. The excellent quantitation capability of GC Orbitrap MS was confirmed.
Case 2: Identification of black pepper origin and processing markers.
The largest producers of black pepper include tropical regions such as India, Brazil, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, etc. Its metabolic composition is affected by the country of origin, maturity, processing method, storage method, etc., and the country of origin has the most significant effect. In this paper, the fingerprint of black pepper was established by using GC orbitrap MS data combined with chemometric methods, and it was confirmed that the method can be used for the authenticity assessment of raw materials and the traceability of origin.
Case 3: Identification of thyme origin and processing markers.
Thyme has a special fragrance and high medicinal and edible value, and commercial thyme often has problems such as adulteration and shoddy. In this paper, a fingerprint was established based on GC Orbitrap MS for the geographical traceability of thyme from different origins (Spain, Poland and Morocco) and the thyme processing was evaluated by comparing sterilized and non-sterilized processes. This study outlines the potential of combining GC-HRMS non-targeted analysis with chemometrics for thyme authenticity identification and origin tracing.
Water is the blood of wine
In the production of distilled spirits, water is used in large quantities. In order to ensure the purity of the brewing water, some whisky breweries will buy the land around the water source; The world's top winemakers control the quality of the grapes from the planting stage.
The control of water quality is also inseparable from the blessing of technology, and the slightest amount of water pollutants can cause a huge difference in the quality of wine. Identifying trace amounts of contaminants in water requires extremely sensitive analytical methods. The GC Orbitrap MS full scan mode of the gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometer has the sensitivity comparable to that of triple quadrupole mass spectrometry SRM MRM, and the full scan data also has the value of retrospective analysis. With the help of this analytical tool, trace contaminants can be determined in water bodies.
Case 1: Analysis of NDMA in drinking water.
Full scan targeted quantification of NDMA at 60,000 resolution with an IDL of 01 g l, LOD is 01 ng l, good linearity and ** rate. A variety of halogenated organics were also identified using non-targeted analysis. NDMA had good mass accuracy (less than 1 ppm mass deviation) at all concentration levels and analytical samples compared to the exact mass theoretical values. The results show that GC Orbitrap MS has excellent quantitative and qualitative capabilities.
Case 2: Non-targeted screening of disinfection by-products in water.
In this study, 11 different iodide DBPs were detected and identified by GC Orbitrap MS, most of which were iodine-containing halomethanes. 5 compounds with a confidence level of 1 (confirmed by standards); 4 compounds were confident at 2 (confirmed by library search); The confidence level of 2 compounds (ethyl iodoacetate, iodoethylene) was 3 and confirmed by elemental composition inference.
"Spectrum" writes the aroma of wine
Thousands of families next door are drunk, and the altar is ten miles of incense", what is the fragrance of wine that can't be hidden in the deep alley? The sense of smell is 10,000 times more sensitive than the sense of taste, and smell can break through the space limit and become the first step to understand wine. Sensory tastings can be used to determine whether a food tastes "good" or "bad", but it is not possible to identify which compounds give the food these flavor characteristics. The use of instrumental analysis to characterize the flavor differences of different foods and the flavor advantages and disadvantages of similar foods can help optimize the production process and improve the quality of wine.
Case 1: Accurate determination of 12 lactones and 11 volatile phenols in non-grape fruit wine.
Studies have shown that the HS-SPME-GC-ORBITRAP MS can be used to accurately quantify lactones and volatile phenolic trace aroma compounds in fruit wine. The results showed that hawthorn wine contained more lactones, blueberry wine contained higher volatile phenols, and wolfberry wine contained certain concentrations of lactones and volatile phenols.
Compared with low-resolution mass spectrometry, high-resolution GC Orbitrap MS has more obvious qualitative advantages, and at the same time, the ultra-high mass accuracy can effectively resist interference and improve the analytical sensitivity.
Case 2: GC Orbitrap MS helps to identify the authenticity of wine.
The results show that the chemical profiling of complex samples using GC Orbitrap MS and TraceFinder software is very efficient. Orbitrap mass spectrometry enables high-precision and accurate detection of all components in a sample, enabling fast, reliable, and independent characterization of the sample. The 60,000 fwhm resolution eliminates interference with the same mass (which low-resolution mass spectrometry cannot solve); Consistent mass accuracy within 1 ppm and excellent sensitivity greatly improve the reliability of compound identification results in complex matrices. EI and PCI data can be used to search commercial libraries and perform preliminary compound identification analysis. When library searches are inconclusive, accurate mass data also makes it easier to estimate elemental composition, and identifications can be quickly confirmed or excluded based on the exact mass of fragment ions in Mass Frontier software.
Case 3: Fingerprint of volatile components of rum.
This study developed an analytical strategy for the classification of rums. Targeted and untargeted analysis of 33 rums using HS-SPME-GC-ORBITRAP MS. Compounds are confirmed based on a combination of retention index and low- and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Using this method, it is possible to distinguish the different origins, raw material types, distillation methods, barrel types, and aging times of rum, and the results show that rum can be correctly classified.
Summary
From a grain of grain to a drop of wine, behind every drop of wine is the foundation and persistence of cultivation, acceptance, and perseverance. "This month has been like the ancients", "wine" and "liquor" culture have lasted for thousands of years, and the tolerance and prosperity of civilization have created immortality, but what we want is not a static living fossil, but to create a living future with it. When modern analysis methods meet traditional cultural inheritance, we use science and technology to escort the presentation of every wisp of wine aroma, and use the power of GC orbitrap MS to make every toast full of mellow and deep aroma.
References:
1. rivera-perez a, romero-gonzalez r, garrido frenich a. feasibility of applying untargeted metabolomics with gc-orbitrap-hrms and chemometrics for authentication of black pepper (piper nigrum l.) and identification of geographical and processing markers[j]. journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2021, 69(19): 5547-5558.
2. rivera-pérez a, romero-gonzález r, frenich a g. fingerprinting based on gas chromatography-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry and chemometrics to reveal geographical origin, processing, and volatile markers for thyme authentication[j]. food chemistry, 2022, 393: 133377.
3. postigo c, cojocariu c i, richardson s d, et al. characterization of iodinated disinfection by-products in chlorinated and chloraminated waters using orbitrap based gas chromatography-mass spectrometry[j]. analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2016, 408: 3401-3411.
4. liu y, qian x, xing j, et al. accurate determination of 12 lactones and 11 volatile phenols in nongrape wines through headspace-solid-phase microextraction (hs-spme) combined with high-resolution gas chromatography-orbitrap mass spectrometry (gc-orbitrap-ms)[j]. journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2022, 70(6): 197117065995232138623983.
5. belmonte-sánchez j r, gherghel s, arrebola-liébanas j, et al. rum classification using fingerprinting analysis of volatile fraction by headspace solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry[j]. talanta, 2018, 187: 348-356.
If you need to cooperate** This article, please leave a message at the end of the article.
Fingerprints