The Red Army came out of the meadow and was captured10,000 catties of grainKilograms of salt.
In 1935, the Shaanxi-Gansu detachment of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army faced even more severe challenges after struggling out of the vast grassland. Their path was defended by the heavy forces of three powerful enemies, Hu Zongnan, the "King of the Northwest", Yang Jiqing, the commander of the Taomin Road Security Guard, and the local warlord Lu Dachang.
For the Red Army, the greatest difficulty was not the obstruction of the enemy, but the shortage of food, that is, the problem of eating. Because the survival of troops often depends on provisions, and the greatest attrition is not fighting, but hunger and cold.
After a year's arduous trek, the Red Army had eaten everything they could eat, and even the grass roots, bark, and belts along the way had become food. At the moment of life and death, a miracle occurred - the Red Army unexpectedly received 400,000 catties of grain and 2,000 catties of salt during the march, which provided a solid material guarantee for the victory of the Red Army.
So, where do these supplies come from? It's a curious story.
On the eve of the victory of the Northern Expedition, Chiang Kai-shek's gunfire in Shanghai shattered the peace and tranquility of the people's hearts. In this regard, the Chinese Communist Party realized that in order to achieve the goal of communism, it must have its own armed forces.
So, at the sound of a gunshot in Nanchang, the Communist Party began an armed resistance and founded the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. The Communist Party has constantly opened up new revolutionary base areas to enhance its combat effectiveness and political influence.
Chiang Kai-shek, despite Japanese aggression, launched four encirclement and suppression campaigns against the Soviet zone from 1930 to 1932. In the face of these encirclement and suppression, the Red Army, under the leadership of *** and ***, adopted guerrilla warfare and successfully smashed the four encirclement and suppression of the Kuomintang.
In September 1933, Chiang Kai-shek gathered a heavy army, mobilized 1 million troops and 200 aircraft, and the Red Army entered the most difficult period. In the Fifth War of Encirclement and Suppression, Chiang Kai-shek conducted political and military rotation training for officers, and purchased a large number of new ** from abroad.
However, major changes took place within the Communist Party, abandoning the form of guerrilla warfare and fighting hard against the Kuomintang "encircled and suppressed" army by means of positional warfare. With the weak fighting the strong, the Red Army was very large, Guangchang and other areas were occupied one after another, and the base areas of the Red Army were gradually reduced.
After a year of fighting, the Red Army still did not break the encirclement and suppression. In order to preserve its military strength and avoid its edge, the Red Army was forced to withdraw from the Jiangxi revolutionary base area in October 1934, adopted the method of strategic transfer, and began a long journey.
The road was long, supplies were in short supply, and the Red Army on the Long March was like being in the mouth of a tiger. In two years and five months, they completed the great miracle in human history - the 25,000-mile long march.
On October 10, 1934, the Communist Party of China and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission led the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, and 9th Army Corps of the Red Army, as well as the teams directly under the Military Commission, a total of 860,000 people, starting from Ruijin, Gucheng and other areas in Jiangxi, began the strategic transfer.
During this difficult journey, the soldiers broke through the enemy's four lines of defense, forcibly crossed the Wujiang River, occupied Zunyi, crossed the Chishui River four times, skillfully crossed the Jinsha River, forcibly crossed the Dadu River, flew to capture the Luding Bridge, climbed over the snow-capped mountains, and experienced countless hardships and obstacles.
Finally, in September 1935, the Red Army units managed to get out of the dangerous swamp, cross the vast meadows, get out of hell, and usher in a new life.
On the road of the Long March, the Red Army was subjected to physiological tests, and for several days they relied on digging wild vegetables, gnawing grass roots and tree bark, and eating skin belts to satisfy their hunger. They faced endless hardship and hunger, as well as being pursued by the enemy.
Faced with such a dilemma, the Red Army was faced with three choices: force a breakthrough on the left side and repel Hu Zongnan; detour to Qinghai to avoid the heavy troops of the Kuomintang; Straight north. Although the first route had a chance of success, due to the shortage of numbers and supplies of the Red Army, the success of the force would also pay a heavy price.
Although the second route is a large area of no man's land, it is equivalent to chronic suicide due to the shortage of supplies and the harsh natural environment. The third route, although garrisoned by a large number of troops and warlords, is also very dangerous.
Whichever route was chosen, the Red Army must persist in advancing without the slightest relaxation.
After careful consideration by the leaders, the Red Army made an important decision: "Lazikou, go north!" "Located on the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, Lazikou is a north-south gorge flanked on both sides by cliffs nearly 100 meters high, almost perpendicular to the ground.
Surrounded by high mountains and dense forests, it is known as "natural risk". This kind of terrain is easy to enter and difficult to come out, which is a typical easy to defend and difficult to attack. This was undoubtedly a huge challenge for the Red Army, which was short of supplies.
However, ** ordered: "Take Lazikou!" It must be within two days! Chiang Kai-shek, on the other hand, closely monitored the movements of the Red Army, and repeatedly sent telegrams to Lu Dachang and Yang Jiqing after our troops passed through Lazikou, repeatedly asking them to encircle the Red Army.
At the same time, Chiang Kai-shek ordered Hu Zongnan to lead his troops to aid Lazikou. Chiang Kai-shek's plan was so tight that if it succeeded, the Red Army would be embattled.
In Chiang Kai-shek's meticulous plans, there was one man he did not anticipate, and that was the Tibetan Yang Jiqing, the 19th hereditary Zhuoni Tusi. Yang Jiqing's life was dedicated to the welfare of the local people, he understood the national righteousness, hated the brutality of the Kuomintang, and questioned the leadership of the Kuomintang.
After associating with Fan Changjiang, he got to know the Red Army more comprehensively and found that they were a team fighting for the peasants and the people. Therefore, Yang Jiqing's thinking changed and he became a red aspirant.
However, if according to Chiang Kai-shek's requirements, he needed to lead 20,000 Tibetan troops to defend at Lazikou, and flank the Red Army, which lacked food and clothing, and put the Red Army in a desperate situation.
Yang Jiqing pretended to accept Chiang Kai-shek's orders, ostensibly blocking the Red Army, but in fact providing cover for the Red Army rushing to repair the bridge and plank road, so that it could quickly break through. He also issued "four no's" to his soldiers, that is, not to block the Red Army, not to fire cold guns at the Red Army, not to rob the ranks of the Red Army, and not to transfer food.
After learning about the plight of the Red Army, Yang Jiqing realized that the survival of the troops depended on provisions, and immediately ordered Yang Jinghua to connect with the Red Army and provide food to the Red Army. In the end, a total of more than 300,000 catties of food were provided to the Red Army, ensuring the supply of Red Army soldiers.
In the early days of the Red Army's Long March, each soldier only carried five or six catties of food and supplies, and for the Red Army, which was running out of ammunition and food at that time, more than 300,000 catties of grain was like charcoal in the snow.
In the Gannan Tibetan area, ** and the Red Army were not only not blocked, but received a large amount of food, military shoes and other supplies. From Tusi Yang Jiqing to the common people, the compatriots in Tibetan areas have provided valuable support and help to the Red Army's strategy of "laying down Lazikou and realizing the anti-Japanese march north."
When the Red Army's food was in short supply, Yang Jiqing took the initiative to withdraw from the defense line, guide the Red Army, and take in the wounded, sick and small soldiers, indirectly supporting the Red Army's northward movement.
At the same time, Chiang Kai-shek ordered Lu Dachang to garrison Lazikou, knowing nothing about Yang Jiqing's actions. Under the guidance of Yang Chengwu and Huang Kaixiang, the Red Army, with the help of Yang Jiqing, began to launch a fierce attack on the enemy.
The Red Fourth Regiment first carried out a frontal assault and quickly cleared the enemy forces on the periphery, but was blocked by the enemy's deployment at the bridgehead and the terrain of Lazikou, and the Red Army soldiers were beaten back many times in a row.
After experiencing setbacks in several attacks, the Red Army was keenly aware of the enemy's flaws. At this moment, a man named"Yunnan-Guichuan"The little warrior stepped forward, and his climbing skills were unrivaled since childhood.
In the dark of night, he climbed alone to the position of the enemy's undefended cliff, and then lowered the rope to help the other comrades. The heroic deeds of the little soldiers instantly relieved the Red Army of its urgent need.
With the perfect combination of Yang Chengwu's frontal assault and Huang Kaixiang's detour climbing, the Red Army successfully destroyed the enemy's defense line and conquered Lazikou in one fell swoop before the arrival of enemy reinforcements.
This victory not only allowed them to seize 100,000 catties of grain and 2,000 catties of salt that Lu Dachang had treasured for a long time, and provided sufficient supplies for the Red Army, but also allowed them to successfully pass this natural danger and reach the northern Shaanxi region.
In total, this breakthrough operation allowed the Red Army to obtain more than 400,000 catties of grain and 2,000 catties of salt, and they successfully survived the difficulties and continued to move forward.
New copywriting: The Battle of Lazikou, a classic battle in which the Red Army won more with less and the weak defeated the strong. A classic story of the Red Army"Grain and salt", so that we realize that the survival of the army is closely related to provisions.
This victory is inseparable from Yang Jiqing's benevolent and righteous deeds and many heroic soldiers. They deserve to be remembered, salute them! References[1] Li Xing. Research on the grain problem of the Red Army's Long March in the snow-capped mountains and meadows[D].Sichuan University, 2006[2] Wang Feng. Walking through the meadow - commemorating the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army's Long March [c]Veteran's Words of the Year (10th Edition).[Publisher unknown], 2006:33-37[3] Yang Jiqing, Encyclopedia.